Pratica di Shadowing: Are you lonely in a crowd? ⏲️ 6 Minute English - Impara a parlare inglese con YouTube

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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Sam.
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And I'm Neil.
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There was a huge crowd of people waiting at the train station this morning, Neil.
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When the train finally arrived, everyone rushed in and I couldn't find a seat.
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I hate crowds.
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But you love going to the football match on Saturday.
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Well, that's different.
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More like a big group of friends.
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Well, whether it's sporting events, train stations or political protests, crowds – that's large groups of people who gather together for a shared activity – are a feature of life.
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For some, crowds create feelings of excitement and a sense of community, while for others they feel uncomfortable, confusing or even dangerous.
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So why is that?
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In this program we'll be discussing the role of crowds in modern life, asking why they evoke different reactions in people.
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And as usual we'll be learning some new vocabulary as well.
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But first I have a question for you Neil.
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The biggest crowd in history happened in 2019 when over 200 million people gathered in the northern Indian city of Allahabad.
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But what did so many people come together for?
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Was it a a cricket match, b a religious festival or c an election?
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Well, I know Indians love cricket but I doubt 200 million people would fit into a stadium, so I'll guess it's C and election.
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OK, Neil.
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We'll find out the answer later in the programme.
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People gathering for a cricket match or a music concert are usually happy events.
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But crowds can have a darker side as well.
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They can become out of control and sometimes even violent.
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Here's psychologist Professor John Drury discussing this idea with Anand Agassia, presenter of the BBC World Service programme, appropriately named CrowdScience.
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When people get together in a crowd, they regress psychologically, their thinking is more primitive, they become more gullible, and that's also associated with a supposed tendency towards violence as well.
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But according to John, the idea of mob mentality, that people in crowds are irrational and prone to destructive behaviour just isn't backed up by research.
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One view is that when people get together in a crowd, they become irrational.
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Psychologically speaking, they regress – they return to a less advanced, more primitive way of behaving.
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They may also become more gullible – an adjective meaning easily tricked or willing to believe everything someone says.
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Connected to this is the phrase mob mentality – the tendency of people in a group to behave in the same way as others in the group, rather than as individuals.
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In crowds, people may do things they would never do alone, like steal or use violence.
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But according to Professor Drury, in reality it's not mob mentality and violence, but rather feelings of safety and togetherness that actually characterise crowds.
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And according to Dr.
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Anne Templeton, another expert on crowd psychology from the University of Edinburgh, that's especially true when you identify with the other people in a crowd.
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Here's Dr.
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Templeton explaining more to BBC World Service programme CrowdScience.
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The more people feel like they are part of a group with others in the crowd, the more enjoyable experience they have.
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There's a correlation between having that social identification and feeling safer.
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So often if we feel like we are in a group with others, we expect them to look after us.
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The flip side of that is when you don't feel as much part of the group and you're not having this positive experience.
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Dr Templeton thinks there is a correlation, That's a connection or a link between being among people who share your values and feeling safe.
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Football fans cheer their team on by wearing the same colours and singing the same songs, and this works as a kind of glue, bonding the crowd together and making them feel safe.
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The disadvantage of this, however, is when you don't feel part of the crowd you're with.
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Dr Templeton calls this the flip side, the opposite, less good or less pleasant aspect of something.
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In today's world, crowds are important because of the feeling of power they give us.
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It's one thing sitting alone shouting at the news on television, but it's something else altogether to march on a political protest with hundreds of demonstrators feeling that together you could change the world.
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Maybe that's what everyone was doing in 2019, Sam.
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Right.
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In my question, I asked you why 200 million people gathered in the Indian city of Allahabad in 2019?
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I guessed it was to vote in an election.
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Was I right?
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You were wrong, I'm afraid, Neil.
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In fact, the biggest crowd in history had gathered for a Hindu religious festival, the Kamb Mela, which 220 million people attended over 50 days.
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OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned from this programme on crowds.
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Large numbers of people who gather together for a shared reason.
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To regress means return to less advanced, more primitive behaviours.
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Regress is the opposite of progress.
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Someone who is gullible is easily tricked and will believe anything people say.
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The phrase mob mentality describes the tendency of people in a group to behave in ways that conform with others in the group rather than as individuals.
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A correlation is a connection or a link between two things.
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And finally, the flip side of something means those aspects of it which are less obvious, good or pleasant.
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The flip side of this programme is that once again our six minutes are up.
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Bye for now.
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Bye-bye.

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