シャドーイング練習: Advanced (C2) Verbs to Build Your Vocabulary - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Let's learn some advanced C2 verbs.
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And I'm going to get right to the point,
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and we'll begin with our first verb, which is to linger.
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So this verb actually has two different meanings.
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The first one is to continue to exist.
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So if I were sick and I have a cold,
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I could say that it is still lingering.
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And in this case, you may often hear it being used in the continuous tense with that adverb still.
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That's a good adverb-verb collocation.
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Something is still lingering.
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How's your cold?
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Unfortunately, it's still lingering.
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It also means to take longer than usual to leave.
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And in this case, you may be talking about a person or group of people.
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Some customers lingered for a while after the shop closed,
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and they just took longer than usual to leave.
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When you pronounce this verb, it has two syllables.
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The stress is on that first syllable, linger.
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But I want to focus on that NG because it can be a little confusing.
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Look at these two words.
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They are not rhyming words.
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Singer, you only have that ing sound,
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whereas linger, you have the ing plus that g sound afterwards.
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Linger.
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It's similar to the word finger.
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These are rhyming words.
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Linger, finger.
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Any of you wish to seek counseling due to lingering trauma?
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Speak with me privately.
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Yeah, well, it turns out that there's some lingering feelings or something.
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Clark, get out of here.
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My mistake.
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Yes, it is your mistake.
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It's lingering. So annoying.
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And if you are someone who enjoys building your vocabulary,
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then I hope that you linger for a while and watch more video lessons.
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And I would also love it if you subscribe, turn on notifications.
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That way I can become your teacher.
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My name is Wes.
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The channel is Interactive English.
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It's all about trying to help you reach your fluency goals.
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And throughout the lesson, I'm going to talk to you about how to pronounce these verbs,
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because I tried to choose verbs that are a little difficult to pronounce,
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or maybe confusing, or just have something about the pronunciation that I'd like to talk to you about.
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Like this next verb, dole out.
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This means to give something,
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usually money, to several people.
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And this C2 verb, it is a phrasal verb that may be separable.
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So you could dole out something or dole something out.
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And in order to show you how this verb may be used in context,
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I have some news headlines for you.
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As lawmakers dole out record surplus,
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many say they need more.
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Colts dole out $22.5 million for kicker Matt Gay.
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This is talking about American football and yeah,
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that's a lot of money to dole out for a kicker.
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Should political parties be able to dole out freebies?
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When pronouncing this phrasal verb,
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you should know that linking is going to occur.
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And we can link the final consonant sound in dole with the beginning vowel sound in out.
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And this is when linking commonly occurs,
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linking a final consonant sound with a beginning vowel sound
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and it just helps us make a smooth transition from one word to the next.
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Dole out.
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It's like we're taking that consonant sound and just moving it over to the next syllable.
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Dole out.
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Then we have the verb pinpoint.
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It also has two meanings.
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The first one is to find or say the exact position in space or time of something.
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I may ask you the question,
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can you pinpoint our location on the map?
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Because I just want to know where we are.
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It also means to discover or describe the exact facts of something.
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I could tell you doctors could not pinpoint the cause of his illness.
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So in this case, they just could not describe the facts of his illness.
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For pronunciation, the verb has two syllables.
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The stress is on that first syllable, pinpoint.
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And I'd also like to point out that final T.
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It's really a stop T.
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It's pretty subtle.
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Pinpoint.
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Now, if you have some lingering doubts when it comes to pronunciation,
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then I'd like to tell you about the sponsor of today's lesson,
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which is Elsa Speak.
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This is a great app that will help you pinpoint your mistakes so that you can fine-tune your pronunciation.
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And if you're unfamiliar with it,
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let me show you how it works.
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You just download the app,
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create an account, and there's so much that you can do.
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practice daily lessons, improve pronunciation, study by topic.
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But let me show you some of the other cool features that Elsa has to offer.
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You can do fun activities like unscrambling words,
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practicing both vocabulary and pronunciation, like this one, fireworks.
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Let's do one more.
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Okay.
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Party.
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You can also practice a variety of study sets based on your needs,
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because I know that, well,
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many of you may be practicing for the IELTS.
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So we can, well, practice synonyms for very.
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And you can listen to it.
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Both the book and the film are dreadful.
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And then practice saying it.
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Both the book and the film are dreadful.
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Now let me show you what it's like if a mistake is made and I mispronounced that synonym.
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Both the book and the film are dreadful.
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As you can see, you get instant feedback,
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which then allows you to try and make adjustments.
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And right now, when you click on the link below and download the Elsa Speak app,
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you can get seven days of the pro membership for free.
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But you can also use my discount to get 85% off a lifetime membership or 40% off a one-year membership.
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So check out the links and discounts in the description if you'd like to pinpoint your mistakes and improve your pronunciation.
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And before you know it,
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you'll sound just like a native speaker.
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Now let's get back to our C2 verbs.
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And the next one that I have for you is plague.
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This means to cause worry,
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pain, or difficulty to someone or something over a period of time.
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And often you may follow this verb with the preposition by.
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You have been plagued by something.
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I could tell you that,
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well, my athletic career has been plagued by back injuries.
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And to be honest, I've never really had much of an athletic career.
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That's not really true but yes,
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over the years I have been plagued by back injuries.
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That part is unfortunately true.
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When it comes to pronunciation,
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the spelling and pronunciation don't really look like they match,
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but that final G-U-E, it's going to be pronounced with an aspirated G sound, plague.
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But often people may use this verb as,
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well, the past participle, in which case it's going to end with the final D sound.
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And those consonants, that can be a difficult combination.
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That plagued, plagued.
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You've been plagued by something.
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I'm plagued by an internal struggle.
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If you would just use the bucket,
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you'd be so much more comfortable.
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Sunrise Bay was a coastal community plagued by a centuries-old curse.
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Next is the verb prescribe.
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And this is a very useful verb because it's when a doctor says what kind of treatment someone should have.
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And it's very specific because we're really talking about someone's health.
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And there are some common collocations with this verb because a doctor may prescribe some medicine,
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or prescribe some pills, or prescribe some rest,
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or even prescribe some painkillers.
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Now this verb has two syllables,
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and the stress is on that second syllable, prescribe.
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And that first syllable, even though it's spelled P-R-E,
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it has a pre sound because it's unstressed.
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Prescribe.
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Say it with me.
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Prescribe.
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Excellent.
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Then we have the verb utter.
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This means to say something or just make a sound with your voice.
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So sometimes it can be interchangeable with say,
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except that it's a bit more formal and not as commonly used.
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Maybe I tell you, he sat through the meeting without uttering a word.
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And that's a good collocation with this verb, without uttering a word.
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Now to talk about the difference between utter and say is that,
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well, utter is not always clear.
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For pronunciation, the verb has two syllables.
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The stress is on that first syllable, utter.
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But what I'd really like to point out is that T,
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I am going to pronounce it as a flat T.
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It's going to sound like a soft D.
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And this is pretty common with the American accent when the T comes between two vowel sounds.
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There are many words we can say with the flap T,
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like water, better, utter.
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Just listen for it.
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It was him.
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He uttered something.
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Oh, I'm sorry I uttered.
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You think you're funny, don't you, bro?
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It is the truth.
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Utter with his own lips.
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What she said.
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Wasn't uttered another syllable.
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Then we have the verb curb.
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And to curb something means to control or limit something that is not wanted.
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And you would try to curb something.
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And in order to show you how this verb is used in context,
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once again, I have some news headlines for you.
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This phone helped me curb my screen addiction.
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Syria agrees to curb drug trade in meeting with Arab ministers.
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Brazil orders Google to curb campaign against fake news law.
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And when you pronounce this verb,
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it's pretty simple and straightforward.
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There's just one syllable, curb.
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But that U has more of an ER vowel sound,
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curb, to curb something.
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Then there's lure.
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This means to persuade someone to do something or go somewhere by offering them something exciting.
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And often you may follow this verb with the preposition into or to.
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The employees were lured into working over the weekend with the promise of overtime.
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Or universities try to lure the top academics to their school.
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They always set those things to pay out more so they can lure people into the casino.
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Tyler and I feel, due to Marie's attempt to lure him to your house...
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I'm trying to lure him.
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Very clever Simpson.
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Luring our bees to your sugar and selling them back to us at an inflated price.
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You're on to what now?
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Simpson, you diabolical.
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When you pronounce this verb,
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just make sure that you are saying that diphthong,
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because that U, it's gonna sound like a combination of vowel sounds.
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Lure.
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Say it with me.
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Lure.
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Lure.
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Good.
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Then there's indulge.
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And I really like this verb.
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It means to allow yourself or some other person to have something enjoyable,
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especially more than what's good for you.
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So you may follow this verb with the preposition in and you indulge in something.
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Late at night, sometimes I get a little hungry and I probably shouldn't eat anything,
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but I like to indulge in sweets and I'll have
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some cookies or chocolate and often you may use this verb
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when talking about food and you indulge in something
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and you have more than what's really good for you for pronunciation there are two syllables the stress is on
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that second syllable and that g has more of a sound indulge indulge
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what do you like to indulge in let me know in the comments then there's delegate this means to give a job,
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duty, or right to someone so they can do it for you.
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And this verb is often used in the context of work
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because you can't do everything so you may delegate certain responsibilities to other people
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and you may also say that a boss
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or supervisor is good at delegating and they tell others what they need to do
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or perhaps someone is bad at delegating because they try to do everything themselves
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and yeah that may not be a good situation so this is a very useful verb when talking about work.
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This verb has three syllables.
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The stress is on that first syllable, delegate.
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Now, don't confuse this with the noun because that third syllable is pronounced differently when you say the noun delegate.
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With the verb, you're going to use that long a sound, delegate.
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Now, I'd also like to point out that when you use this verb in the continuous tense.
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It's going to change from a stop T to a flap T,
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at least with the American accent.
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And you'd say that someone is delegating something,
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and you're going to use that flap T.
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Once again, just listen for it.
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I'm delegating.
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He's delegating.
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Don't shy away from delegating.
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Reconcile.
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Great verb.
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This means to find a way in which two situations
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or beliefs that are opposed to each other can agree or exist together.
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And you could hear somebody say something like,
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we need to reconcile our differences.
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That's a great collocation with this verb.
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The boys appear to have reconciled their differences.
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Rose and her daughter have reconciled their differences.
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That's why it's important for you to reconcile your differences.
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You could also reconcile something with something.
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I could say, research is being done to reconcile the world's population growth with sustainability.
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So these two things, they seem opposed,
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but we need to reconcile them and find a way for them to exist together.
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Growth and sustainability.
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For pronunciation, the verb has three syllables.
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The stress is on that first syllable.
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And keep in mind that the C has more of an S sound.
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Reconcile.
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Reconcile.
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And then there's loathe, which is a pretty powerful verb because it means to hate someone or something.
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So loathe, just like hate,
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it's a strong word, so be careful how you're using it.
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But of course there are probably things that I'm sure you loathe.
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I know there are things that I loathe,
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like I loathe sitting at an airport when my flight has been delayed.
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or I loathe anchovies.
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I just don't like eating them.
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Or I loathe driving in really bad weather conditions.
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For pronunciation, it's just the one syllable,
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but make sure you're using that voice TH at the end.
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Loathe.
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Let's say it together.
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Loathe.
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Loathe.
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Nice.
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Now for a little review.
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I'm sure that you do not loathe building your vocabulary
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and I hope that I can lure you into watching another video lesson
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because even though I'm not a doctor
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that is what I would prescribe in order for you to develop your English fluency
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and to be honest I know it's not good to watch a lot of videos
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and be in front of a screen
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but in this case of course I think it's okay for you to indulge a little bit
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and watch many different video lessons I have a lot on this channel especially vocabulary lessons in
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which you will find me doling out words left and right
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but in all seriousness I just want you to keep practicing keep improving
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and I'm not going to linger around any longer I'm gonna say goodbye
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but as always I hope that you learn something new
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if you enjoyed the lesson please hit that like button thank you
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so much for watching and I will see you next time. So long.
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コンテクストと背景
このビデオでは、上級レベル（C2）の動詞を学ぶことを目的としています。講師は、特に発音が難しい単語や理解しにくいフレーズに焦点を当て、英語のボキャブラリーを増やす手助けをしています。また、日常生活でよく使われる表現を紹介し、学習者が実際の会話に役立てられるようにしています。これにより、YouTubeで英語学習をしている皆さんが、より流暢な英会話を実現できることが期待されます。
日常会話のためのトップ5フレーズ
- linger: 「まだ続いている」という意味で使われることが多く、例えば「風邪がまだ lingeringしている」と言うことができます。
- take longer than usual to leave: 人々や顧客が、通常より長く滞在することを指します。例：「閉店後も顧客がしばらく lingerしていました。」
- dole out: 通常はお金などを複数の人に与えることを意味する動詞です。例：「彼はみんなにお金を dole outしました。」
- seek counseling: 悩みやトラウマについて相談を求めることを意味します。例：「lingering traumaで相談を求める人は多いです。」
- subscribe: YouTubeチャンネルを購読すること。例：「私のクラスが気に入ったら、ぜひ subscribeしてください。」
段階的シャドーイングガイド
このビデオの内容を効果的に理解し、発音を習得するために、以下のシャドーイング戦略を試してみてください：
- テキストを用意する: 動画の内容を事前に文字起こししたものを準備し、意味を理解しておきましょう。
- 初回視聴: 動画を最初に視聴し、内容の概要を把握します。特に何度も出てくるフレーズに注意を払いましょう。
- フレーズごとの再生: 各フレーズを一時停止し、それをシャドーイングします。発音やイントネーションに注意を払いながら練習しましょう。
- 繰り返し練習: 難しいフレーズは何度も繰り返して、自分の発音が自然になるまで練習します。
- 録音して確認: 自分の声を録音してみて、元の音声と比べることで改善点を見つけましょう。これにより、shadow speechの能力が向上します。
このプロセスを通じて、孔子で教えられるように、あなたの英語力もぐんぐん向上するでしょう。このようにして、英語シャドーイングを実践していくことで、より多くのボキャブラリーを習得し、会話の流暢さを高めることができます。
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | being used · may be used · is made |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have been plagued · has been plagued · I've never really had |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | verb, which is · someone who enjoys · loathe, which is |
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。