シャドーイング練習: CAM 20 | IELTS LISTENING TEST | TEST 3 - SECTION 4 #english #listeningpractice #ielts #education - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

レッスンを作成中...
1
Part 4.
2
You will hear a design and technology lecturer talking about inclusive design.
3
First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
4
Thank you.
5
Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
6
It's only relatively recently that designers have become aware of the need to be inclusive when designing products.
7
But what does that mean exactly?
8
Well, it simply means designing products that span economic, social and cultural barriers.
9
It means making sure products are accessible, so
10
that as many different types of people as possible can use
11
them without any type of adaptation having to be made to the original design.
12
Inclusive design is often linked with universal design, although they are not quite the same thing.
13
Universal Design aims to make products that work for everyone and that includes considering the needs of people who have cognitive difficulties,
14
which can present quite a challenge.
15
Today, examples of successful inclusive design can be seen all around us.
16
In workplaces, it is common to see desks which can be adjusted to suit people of different heights, or for wheelchair users.
17
This still isn't always the case, however, and is one reason why office workers often suffer from back or neck problems.
18
You'll find another example in the public toilets of countless hotels airports
19
and offices taps that you activate by sensor require no pressing or twisting movements
20
these are not only more hygienic they're also easier for people with dexterity or mobility issues
21
the tech industry has been criticized in the past for focusing too much on young consumers
22
but this is changing many products are now designed with the elderly in mind for example it's well known
23
that vision declines with age and
24
that we also become worse at distinguishing between similar colors in particular shades of blue
25
which is why software designers rarely create interfaces with this colour.
26
Motor skills also decline with age
27
and some people have difficulty doing everyday things like picking up a cup or opening a door.
28
This can also affect their ability to use a mouse or keyboard.
29
So voice access is now a routine way of making commands.
30
It's worth looking at the problems non-inclusive designs cause when not enough consideration is given to a range of users
31
as it can have a serious impact on people's lives
32
Access is one obvious example because it has such a huge impact on disabled people's independence
33
Not being able to access public transport because buses
34
or trains are not wheelchair friendly means many disabled people can't go out unless someone goes with them.
35
Safety is another issue.
36
Inexplicably, most cars are still crash-tested using a dummy based on an average-sized male.
37
This has safety implications for all women, particularly those who are pregnant,
38
as the seatbelts worn by the dummy are not adapted to accommodate them.
39
Over the past 100 years, workplaces in the UK have, on the whole, become considerably safer.
40
Employers are legally required to provide well-maintained personal protective equipment, or PPE, anything from goggles to full bodysuits,
41
to workers who need it, free of charge.
42
But most PPE is designed to fit men.
43
A recent report found that employers often think that when it comes to female workers,
44
all they need to do to comply with this legal requirement is to buy jackets, for example, designed for a small man.
45
The problem with this is that women can be tall and still have much smaller shoulders than the average man.
46
Ill-fitting PPE such as high-vis jackets, vests and body armour can put women at risk
47
The report found that 95% of women said
48
that their PPE often hampered their work and that this problem was worst in the emergency services, particularly the police
49
Another problem is related to comfort at work
50
A very common scenario in offices in summertime is to see women wrapped in blankets
51
or wearing sweaters while the air conditioning is on high.
52
Meanwhile, the men are in shorts and t-shirts.
53
This is due to differences in metabolic rates for men and women.
54
There is a standard setting for air conditioning to be at a temperature of 21 degrees, designed to suit men.
55
and in most modern offices it's not possible to turn the air conditioning up or down.
56
This means that many offices which mainly employ women are wasting energy by having the air conditioning set too high.
57
As you can see from the examples I've just mentioned, there are serious consequences for designs which don't consider the needs of all users.
58
That is the end of part four.
59
You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
60
Thank you.
61
That is the end of the listening test.
62
In the IELTS test, you would now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.
63
Thank you.

このレッスンについて

このレッスンでは、デザインとテクノロジーの講師によるインクルーシブデザインについての講話を通じて、リスニングスキルを向上させます。特に、経済的、社会的、文化的な障壁を越える製品デザインの重要性を学び、さまざまな人々にとって使いやすい製品について理解を深めます。このレッスンを通じて、リスニング能力を高め、英語の発音を良くするための実践ができます。

重要な語彙とフレーズ

  • インクルーシブデザイン - 環境にかかわらず、すべての人が利用できるように設計されたデザイン。
  • ユニバーサルデザイン - すべての人に適用できる製品を作ること。
  • バリアフリー - 障害者が自由にアクセスできるように設計された空間や製品。
  • センサー式の水栓 - 手を使わずに水を出すことができる装置。
  • 個人用保護具（PPE） - 労働者が安全に作業を行うために必要な装備。
  • 発音 - 言葉を話す際の音の正確さ。
  • 快適さ - 作業環境における身体的な心地よさ。

練習のヒント

このレッスンでのレクチャーはゆっくりとした口調で話されているため、shadow speaksの練習に適しています。まずは聞き取ることに集中し、次にオリジナルの音声に合わせて口を動かしましょう。例えば、講師の言葉を何度も聞き返し、発音に注意を払うことで、英語の発音を良くする手助けになります。

また、重要なフレーズや文のリズムを意識して、それを繰り返し声に出すことで、英語スピーキング練習としても効果的です。特に、長い文の際は一度に全てを言おうとするのではなく、小さな塊に分けて練習すると良いでしょう。聞きながら自分も話すことで、実際の会話に近いリズムでの練習が可能になります。この方法を使って、リスニングとスピーキングスキルを同時に向上させましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。