シャドーイング練習: Let's Learn English! Topic: Food! 🥦🥫🍲 (Lesson Only) - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Well, hello and welcome to this English lesson about food.
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I've done lessons about food in the past, and it is, I think, one of the most requested topics.
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So I thought it would be fun to do another English lesson about food.
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I have done a few other ones.
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You can go back and watch those someday.
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But in this English lesson about food, I'll talk about different ways to talk about preparing food.
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I'll talk about where you prepare food.
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I'll talk about what food tastes like a little bit.
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And I'll talk about different ways to cook food or prepare food.
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So once again, welcome to this English lesson about food.
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I think you'll enjoy it.
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To make or to prepare?
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When you talk about food, you don't.
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Well, if it's an apple, you can just eat it.
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You don't have to do anything to the apple.
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But sometimes you need to make food or you need to prepare food.
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This coming weekend is Thanksgiving in Canada.
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It's a holiday, and so people will be going to other people's houses to celebrate and to eat food.
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That's what most people do when you celebrate.
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So some people might need to make food or they might need to prepare food.
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We use both words interchangeably.
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If people were coming to my house, I would say, oh, I need to make food because my brothers and sisters are coming over.
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I need to prepare food.
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Now, I didn't add this to the lesson, but you can also order food.
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Maybe instead of making food, you just order food from a restaurant so that you don't have to make it.
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But when you eat, like if you want a sandwich, you have to make a sandwich.
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You have to prepare a sandwich before you can eat it.
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And you do this in one of two places.
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You can do it in a kitchen or a kitchenette.
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This might be a new word for you.
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I'll explain it in a moment.
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A kitchen is the room in the house where you prepare food or make food.
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It's also the room in the house where you store food.
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You put food in your cupboards.
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You put food in your refrigerator.
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You put food in your freezer.
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This is where you keep food and make or prepare food and then also clean up after you have eaten.
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You have to do the dishes or wash the dishes.
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A kitchenette is a small kitchen usually found in maybe an apartment or most often in a hotel room.
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When you stay in a hotel room, it might have a kitchenette.
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A kitchenette usually doesn't have a big stove or oven.
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It usually has a little microwave, a sink, and then a little tiny fridge.
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If you look and see the black thing under the counter, that is a small refrigerator.
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And then usually a coffee maker.
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I don't see a kettle, but most of the time a kitchenette will have a kettle as well.
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So a kitchen found in a house or apartment, a large ish room where you can make or prepare food and keep all your food.
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And then a kitchenette, a smaller area.
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When Jen and I travel, if we stay in a hotel, we try to get a hotel with a kitchenette so we can prepare our own food to save a little bit of money.
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Ingredients.
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So when you want to make something, you need ingredients.
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If I want to make bread, the ingredients I need are flour, water, salt, butter, or oil and yeast.
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I think those are the ingredients for making bread.
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Sometimes when you make things, it's far more complex.
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You need to have ten or eleven ingredients in order to make it.
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I'm not sure what this person is making, but it looks like they have all of their ingredients cut up and ready to go.
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So I think they're gonna make maybe a little stir fry or something like that. I'm not sure.
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But ingredients are the individual food items you need that you can combine to make something yummy.
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And you do that using a recipe.
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Now, maybe the recipe is in your head.
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Maybe when you make pancakes or when you make a meal for your family, you don't follow a recipe like this one.
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You in your head, know, cook this for this long, mix this in, dice this a certain way.
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You need two cups of this.
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But a recipe would be written instructions or instructions you have memorized on how to prepare a certain food item.
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The recipe for bread is to mix all the ingredients and to knead the dough.
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Let the dough rise.
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Knead the dough again, let it rise.
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And then bake it in the oven.
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But a recipe would be written.
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Instructions for how to make something.
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I'm always looking for new recipes.
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I like trying new food, and it's fun to follow a new recipe and make something new or prepare something new.
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And usually you will find recipes in a recipe book.
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Sometimes people will have recipes on little cards, like a recipe card.
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It's a small piece of paper about this size.
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But most of the recipes that Jen and I use are in recipe books.
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Sometimes we'll buy a new recipe book and we'll try making different types of food using that recipe book.
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Um, we don't have one called our family recipes. My.
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Yeah. You know, if my sister gave me recipes, they would be amazing.
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But I don't have a lot to say about the rest of my family, actually, my older brother might have some good recipes as well.
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He's a pretty good cook.
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So let's talk a little bit about that.
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When you have food and you heat the food, we usually use the verb to cook.
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So you cook food.
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And this is kind of a general term.
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If people are coming over, I need to cook some food.
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Okay. I need to put it in a pan.
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I'll talk about the different ways that you can cook or prepare food, but generally, cook refers to using heat to prepare the food so that it is edible, so that it is yummy and tasty.
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So this person has decided to cook some sort of pasta dish.
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That is the verb, the general term that we use when talking about cooking, cooking or preparing food with heat.
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So over a fire or on the oven or in the oven or on the stove or even on a barbecue, you can cook some food.
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And then after you do this, the food is cooked.
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And this is an interesting word as well, because sometimes you'll say, oh, I don't think this food is completely cooked.
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If you don't cook food long enough, it can be undercooked.
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So when you cook food, when you're done, the food is cooked.
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So you could say this, oh, I cooked a lot of food.
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You know, the more I say this word, the funnier it sounds to be.
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I cooked a lot of food because I have a lot of people coming over to eat today.
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And this is the opposite of raw.
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Some food you eat raw.
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When you eat something raw, it means that it is not cooked at all.
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We eat bananas, raw carrots, a lot of vegetables.
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You can eat raw.
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You don't eat meat raw, although you can eat some seafood raw.
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But usually when we talk about raw food, we talk about food that you can eat without cooking or food that is uncooked.
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Okay, let me explain that a bit.
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These are raw vegetables.
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You can eat these.
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You can also have raw meat, which means it has not been cooked and needs to be cooked.
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Okay, so you can eat raw vegetables, but you should definitely cook raw meat before you eat it.
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Yummy. By the way, in this picture, my most favorite item would be the peppers. I like peppers.
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Green peppers are yummy.
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I enjoy eating them. Okay.
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A couple of different ways.
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You can use heat to prepare food so you can cook food.
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The general term, you can also bake food.
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So when I think about baking, I usually think about cookies, muffins, bread.
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Those are the kinds of things we bake.
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You follow a recipe you like.
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I said, with bread, you do everything you need to do, and then you bake it in an oven.
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So generally when you bake something, I think it's usually something made with flour.
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You could do a casserole as well.
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But when I think of baking, like, I think last night, one of my kids baked some cookies.
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This weekend I might bake some bread.
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When I think about pizza, though, I would probably use cook.
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I'm going to cook a pizza in the oven.
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You might say bake.
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But generally, I think of this kind of food.
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When I think about bake, fry, deep fry, air fry.
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Let's back up to fry.
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When you fry something, the first thing I think of is an egg.
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I think of a frying pan.
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So a frying pan is a very low pan.
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And generally we fry things like this.
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Like you might fry an egg for breakfast, you might fry some bacon.
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You might fry a grilled cheese sandwich, even though it has the word grill in it.
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But generally, anytime you use this type of pan, we almost always use the verb fry.
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So I haven't eaten yet today.
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I actually ate way too much food last night, so I'm not even hungry.
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But if I was to eat later, I would probably fry an egg.
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There's something also called to deep fry.
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When you deep fry something, you have hot oil and you put the food in the oil in order to cook it.
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In order to prepare it.
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When I think about deep frying, I think of things like french friesen.
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French fries are made from potatoes, and then you deep fry them in oil in order to cook them.
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It makes food very, very crispy.
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You can also deep fry fish.
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I think these might be chicken wings.
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So last night I actually had some chicken wings at a restaurant.
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They were very, very yummy.
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But they would be deep fried, basically, really, really hot oil, 350 degrees fahrenheit or 400 degrees fahrenheit.
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And you put the food in it and it cooks.
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It cooks the food very, very quickly.
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And there's something called to air fry.
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Now you can buy an air fryer and you can air fry your food.
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It's supposed to be healthier than deep frying your food.
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We don't have an air fryer, but people we know who have air fryers say they are amazing.
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It allows you to cook meat or even french fries and other things so that it tastes like you deep fried it, but not, but without all of the oil that comes with it.
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So maybe someday.
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The biggest problem with a de, an air fryer is they're not very big.
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And we still prepare food.
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We make food for a lot of people.
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As you know, I have five kids.
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I still have two living at home right now.
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And so we have to prepare rather large meals.
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You can also barbecue or grill.
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This is very common in Canada in the spring and the summer and fall.
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It's less common in the winter.
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But there are people who will barbecue in the winter.
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They don't mind standing outside wearing a winter coat and a winter hat and cooking food on a barbecue.
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So by the way, you could call this a barbecue.
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This type you could also call a grill.
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And it also works as the verb, I'm going to barbecue some hamburgers.
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I'm going to grill some hamburgers.
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I'm going to barbecue some hot dogs.
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I'm going to grill some hot dogs.
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When I visited Brent last summer, we went to his brother's place, and his brother barbecued some food for us, and it was very, very yummy. Roast.
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So when you cook meat in an oven, we usually use the word roast.
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And this piece of meat here is actually called a roast as well.
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So don't get too confused.
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But I could buy a piece of meat and I could roast it in the oven.
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So I'm going to put it on a pan or in a pan, depending on how you like to do it.
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And then you put it in the oven at a certain temperature, and then you roast it.
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So, yes, and this, that is actually also called a roast.
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Roast beef.
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You can boil food.
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So when I think about boiling food, you can boil eggs, you can boil noodles, you can boil rice.
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Anytime you put food into water that is boiling in order to cook it, we use the word boil.
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So when water gets to 100 degrees celsius or 212 degrees fahrenheit, I think it starts to bubble and steam comes off it.
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By the way, it depends where you are.
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I think at sea level, water boils at 100 degrees.
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Again, this is not a science lesson, but I do know about boiling food.
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So you heat water up in a pan when it starts to boil or even before, but when it starts to boil, maybe you put in noodles or you put in rice or however you cook things, and then you boil it for a certain amount of time and it will be cooked and ready to eat.
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We mostly boil noodles, and sometimes we boil eggs.
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Those are the two things that we boil the most often.
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You can also steam food.
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Jen and I haven't done this for a while, but we used to steam broccoli or we would steam rice.
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These are yummy looking dumplings.
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You can steam them as well.
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This means you are cooking the food with steam.
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So when water boils, steam rises from the water as it boils, and that steam is very, very hot.
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And you can use that steam to cook things.
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So you basically have a pan of boiling water, and then you might have another little pan that goes in the top of that pan and the steam comes through and cooks things.
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Steamed broccoli is quite yummy. Actually.
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Steamed vegetables are really good.
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We should find our steamer. We have a.
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We have a little rice cooker food steamer.
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We should find that somewhere because that is a yummy, yummy way to cook food.
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And then, of course, sometimes you cook food for too long, and then food is burnt.
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So this toast is burnt.
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It was in the toaster for too long, and so it started to turn black.
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So this is a burnt piece of toast.
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We also sometimes have food that's overdone or overcooked.
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I'm not going to say who, but as a child, when I had cooked vegetables, they were often the person making them, often overcooked them.
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I like my green beans.
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Usually we boil beans.
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That's another thing we boil.
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I usually boil them for two or three minutes, and they're still quite bright green and a little bit crunchy.
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These beans, in my opinion, are a little bit overdone.
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They're a little bit overcooked.
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Whoever made these beans cooked them for too long, in my opinion.
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Some people like their beans to be a pale green like that, but not me.
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I like things to be cooked just right.
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And I don't think I have a slide for this.
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But you can also have food that's undercooked.
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So overcooked means you cooked it for too long.
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Undercooked means you didn't cook it long enough.
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So you might say, oh, this pasta is.
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Isn't soft, it's undercooked.
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Or this boiled egg isn't fully cooked inside, it's undercooked.
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Okay, let's talk briefly about the types of meals.
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In the morning, you eat breakfast around the middle of the day.
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You eat lunch.
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At night, you have either supper or dinner, depending on what part of the English speaking world you live in.
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We use both words, like, what time do you want to have supper?
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What time do you want to have dinner?
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And then you can also have a snack and a pick me up.
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So let's go back to the beginning.
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Breakfast is the food you eat in the morning.
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It's actually a combination of two words, break and fasten.
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A fast is when you don't eat food for a certain amount of time.
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Some people fast because they would like to lose weight.
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Some people fast for religious reasons.
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Maybe you fast for a day or two for religious reasons.
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And then breakfast is actually two words, break fast to break your fast.
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So basically you don't eat at night because you're sleeping.
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So it's kind of a fasting state.
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The opposite of eating is fasting.
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And so when you get up in the morning, you have breakfast in order to stop that.
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So that's where that word came from.
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Typical breakfast in Canada would include eggs, maybe bacon, toast, bagels.
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We don't. Besides bacon, maybe sausage, like meats.
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Not a super popular food for breakfast, but also people will go through a drive through, so they might get a coffee, they might eat a donut for breakfast, although that's considered unhealthy and people try to avoid that.
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Probably the most common fast food at breakfast from a restaurant would be a breakfast sandwich.
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So an egg with bacon and cheese, maybe on a biscuit or on an English muffin.
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I don't want to go into too many details.
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For me, a typical breakfast might be some oatmeal, maybe some cereal, an egg, maybe some toast.
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Although lately I don't eat breakfast as often as I used to. Lunch.
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Lunch is the meal that you eat in the middle of the day.
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You might pack a lunch in the morning and take it to school or work with you, or you might buy lunch.
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You might go out for lunch with some colleagues.
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A colleague might say, hey, you want to go for lunch at 1230?
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And you'll say, sure.
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By the way, you can go out for lunch or go for lunch.
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Here in Canada, lunch often consists of sandwiches.
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People will get bread and they will put, you know, lettuce or tomato.
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If they eat meat, they might put some sort of meat on the bread, they might have peanut butter, they might have jam.
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But sandwiches are still a fairly common item to eat for lunch.
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Something that's made with bread and something that you can eat quickly and on the go, and it's easy to take with you as well.
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And then supper or dinner.
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So this is probably one of the bigger meals of the day.
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This is the meal that might take the longest to prepare.
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In Canada, people eat a variety of foods for supper or for dinner.
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They might eat something where they have meat, potatoes, if they're vegetarian.
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They might have beans, they might have hummus, they might have pizza, they might have hamburgers, they might have.
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I can't think of.
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They might have soup, they might have stew, they might have fresh bread with cheese.
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There's just a variety of things that people eat for dinner.
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And a common question would be, what would you like for dinner?
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That's something you hear quite often, even at work.
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Someone might say, what are you, what are you having for dinner tonight?
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I need some ideas for what I want to make.
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And the other person might say, oh, we're having spaghetti, or we're having lasagna, or we're having soup because it's getting colder here.
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So soup will become much more common.
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And then a snack.
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A snack is just something you eat between meals.
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So if there are three meals in the day, if that's how you like to eat breakfast, lunch, and supper, maybe in the middle of the morning, you get a little bit hungry.
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So you have a snack, maybe a cookie, maybe a granola bar, maybe a banana, maybe an apple.
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You might have a healthy snack.
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But a snack is just a little bit of food in the middle of the day because you're feeling a little bit hungry.
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Um, it might be coffee time at work.
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Some people have a coffee break in the morning, and so they might have a cup of tea or a cup of coffee and a little snack.
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And then there's also something called a pick me up, which is, it's a snack that you eat when you need some energy.
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Yesterday, Jen and I were selling flowers at market and we worked for about 3 hours without eating and we didn't have time to stop for supper, but we needed a little pick me up, so I.
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I went and bought a couple empanadas and we ate them.
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So it wasn't like a full meal, but it was something that just helped us to feel better and get a little bit of food in our stomachs.
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Groceries, this is a general term for the food that you buy.
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And even to the point where we call the store where you buy groceries, a grocery store.
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So I regularly go to the grocery store.
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We sometimes call it a supermarket.
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I go there to buy groceries.
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So when you go to a clothing store, you go to buy clothes.
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When you need food, you go buy groceries.
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You go to a grocery store or supermarket.
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Our grocery stores have almost everything.
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In Canada, there's a produce section where they have fruit and vegetables.
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There's a bakery.
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Usually in the grocery store, there's canned food, food in boxes, there's milk, there's frozen food.
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Everything you want for eating is found in a grocery store.
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And pretty, I was going to say pretty reasonably priced.
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Although food has gotten quite expensive here in Canada recently.
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In the last year or two, someone who loves food is called a foodie.
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I think we talked about this word in a previous lesson.
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If you know someone who loves to cook and is really good at it and they love to go out to eat and they're always talking about food, we might call that person a foodie.
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Someone who really, really enjoys eating food, talking about food, watching videos about food, making food, definitely talking about food would be a big one.
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And then, of course, when you are done eating, you have to do the dishes or wash the dishes.
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You can use either term.
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You might do the dishes by hand in the sink.
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You might wash the dishes by hand, you might put the dishes in the dishwasher and which we still might use the phrase do the dishes, but we might just say we need to clean up and put the dishes in the dishwasher.
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When I think of doing the dishes, I actually think about scrubbing and rinsing and drying the dishes.
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If food is sour, it's like when you eat a lemon.
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Lemons are sour.
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It makes you make a face like that.
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It's a little different than bittereen.
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Bitter means like cabbage is kind of bitter.
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So if a lemon is sour, cabbage is bitter.
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Some raw vegetables are a little bit bitter.
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I would say sour and bitter are closely related.
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But if you think about it, I would say a lemon is sour.
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Cabbage is bitter.
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Sometimes if you harvest vegetables too early, they will be bitter, which means they don't have as much natural sugar in them as they normally would.
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And then, of course, we have sweet, which means something has a lot of sugar in it.
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I like candies.
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I like brownies.
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This is a brownie.
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We would call that. I like cookies.
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Those are all things that are very sweet.
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As I mentioned last night, one of my kids made cookies, chocolate chip cookies.
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They used white sugar, brown sugar, chocolate chips.
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It's a very sweet thing to eat.
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And then, of course, there are things that are salty.
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So chips, pretzels, popcorn, all of these have salt put on them and, or have a lot of salt in them.
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And so they are very, very salty.
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In Canada, we use the word spicy and hot and spicy can mean two different things, and hot could mean two different things.
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If I say something is spicy, I might mean that it has a lot of pepper in it and it's actually like, burns my mouth when I say something is hot.
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It can mean it has a lot of peppers and stuff in it, or it can simply mean the food has been cooked and it's steaming because it's hot.
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But I'm not someone who eats a lot of spicy or hot food.
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There are a lot of foods from other countries, like indian food can be described as very spicy and it can be hot.
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When you order indian food, they might ask you if you want it extra spicy or like, north american spicy.
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So it's not as spicy, but certainly spicy food. Yeah.
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Like, I like, you can get hot wings, like chicken wings that are hot.
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I don't mind those, but I eat less hot food as I get older.
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Hopefully I explain that well enough.
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We have vegetables and fruits.
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So vegetables are anything that is green or red or leafy.
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It's usually something that's grown on a plant or maybe like, carrots are in the ground.
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Vegetables are very, very healthy, and they, like, you can eat as many vegetables as you want in a day and you will not get fat.
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Okay, maybe that's not totally true, but definitely if you eat nine or ten vegetables a day and not very much bread or meat, you will be nice and healthy.
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I think fruits are, of course, things that grow on trees, usually, although some things like strawberries are fruits and they grow on plants, but things like apples, bananas, oranges, limes, lemons, grapes, all of these things that are actually a little more sweet as well.
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Fruits tend to be sweeter than vegetables.
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And some people have questions about the word fruit and the plural fruits.
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So I was thinking about this when I go to the grocery store.
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There's a fruit and vegetable section.
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You can buy fruits and vegetables there.
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You can buy fruit and vegetables there.
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The word fruit, I tend to put an s on it sometimes and not others, and I don't fully understand why.
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Like the doctor said, I need to eat my fruits and vegetables.
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So there, I would put it in the plural.
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But when I talked about the grocery store earlier, I said, there's a fruit and vegetables section or a fruit and vegetable section.
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So a little tricky.
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I'm not explaining it well, but you have some freedom there.
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No one's going to look at you funny if you don't pluralize fruit correctly in a, in a sentence.
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I don't think you have grains.
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So this would be anything made from Wheatley or rye or even rice or.
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Let me think of another grain.
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Barley, oats.
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All of those things are considered grains.
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Usually used to make things like bread or even different cereals.
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So I don't eat as many grains as I used to.
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The doctor told me I was eating too many carbohydrates and not enough protein.
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So I eat a little less.
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A little less grains.
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I gotta stop eating the cookies, though. Lentils.
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So lentils are kind of a new food to me, it's something that you can boil and they soften up and you can make really yummy dips with lentils.
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You can put lentils in your soup.
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They are, I think, what's called a pulse crop.
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Very popular in other parts of the world.
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Starting to become popular here in Canada.
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And they're also relatively cheap.
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Like a big bag of red lentils is quite cheap, by the way.
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There's different kinds, like red and green.
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I think there's even yellow.
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And then rice.
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I think one of the most common foods in the world.
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I think rice is probably eaten in every country of the world.
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I'm just guessing again, this is not a geography or science lesson.
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We eat rice a couple times a month.
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Usually we eat white rice, but we sometimes eat brown rice.
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Rice is something that you either cook by boiling or steaming.
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And it's very, very tasty.
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It's very tasty to eat rice with other foods.
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So quite yummy.
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Then you have your meats.
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So this could be anything from chicken to pork to beef to seafood.
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So here we have, I think this is salmon.
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So meat is, of course, food that comes from an animal.
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And you have people in the world that will eat meat.
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And you have people in the world that have decided to not eat meat.
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They are either vegetarian or vegan.
409
I am someone who does eat meat, and I know I do have respect for people who don't.
410
Some people have decided not to.
411
But meat would be food that comes from animals generally that are raised on farms.
412
So you will have beef, pork, chicken, and or meat can come from fish as well.
413
So you might have salmon or tuna.
414
There's a lot of different kinds of fish in the world.
415
And then dairy.
416
So dairy is anything that's made from milk or that is milk. Okay.
417
If I go to the dairy section, my grocery store, they will have cow's milk, sheep milk, goats milk.
418
They will have butter, they will have cheese.
419
Cheese made from cow milk or sheep's milk or goat milk.
420
There's a wide variety of things you can buy in the dairy section of the grocery store, and it's usually all kept in a refrigerator.
421
Dairy goes bad easily.
422
So basically anything, either milk or things that are made from milk, cream as well.
423
Canadians buy a lot of cream to put in their coffee.
424
Then there is, of course, junk food.
425
We use the term junk food to talk about any food that isn't good for you and usually food that you can eat without having to cook or prepare it.
426
So chips. These might be called crisps, depending on what kind of English, you are learning chocolate bars, candies, all of the things that you can buy.
427
We also say that are ready to eat.
428
So you just open the package and eat it.
429
And usually food that isn't good for you, it's usually high in sugar.
430
It usually has a lot of fat in it or oil.
431
It's just not healthy or good for you.
432
Then we have kind of the complete opposite.
433
We have organic food.
434
Organic food is food that is grown without using any pesticides or herbicides or chemical fertilizers.
435
So let me explain that.
436
You can grow a tomato and you can put chemical fertilizer, and you can spray the tomato plant to kill the insects, and you can spray the soil to kill the weeds.
437
In that situation, the tomato is not organic.
438
Or you can grow a tomato using basically pulling weeds with your hands, covering it with a net so insects can't get at it, and then maybe using some sort of organic supplement instead of fertilizer.
439
So organic food supposed to be healthier for you?
440
Although it depends on what studies you look at.
441
My view is this, if you want organic food, grow a garden.
442
You get organic food.
443
It's healthier in a lot of ways.
444
You get some sunshine, you get time outside, a little bit of exercise, and you get free food.
445
Well, you got to buy the seed.
446
Health food is a term we use to talk about food that is healthy for you.
447
So usually when you say, I'm going to eat mostly health food, you're going to eat a lot of vegetables, you're going to eat a lot of fruit, you're going to eat healthier meats, like maybe seafood, which has less fat in it, basically food that is good for you.
448
And then we have fast food, which is food that you buy from a restaurant and generally food that is prepared very quickly or is already ready for you when you get there.
449
So things like hot dogs and french fries and hamburgers and pizza.
450
In North America, in Canada, we would call that fast food.
451
At lunch, I can go to town and I can go through a drive through and get a hamburger in less than five minutes.
452
We call that fast food.
453
I can go to the pizza shop and get a slice of pizza and they'll have it ready for me in two minutes.
454
They have them all cooked and in a big, like, warming rack.
455
I can get a slice of pizza.
456
If I want shawarma, I can go.
457
There's not one in our town, but there, there are a lot more of those types of restaurants around really fast.
458
They slice the meat off, they put it in a pita or another flat bread. Really yummy.
459
But fast food.
460
Fast, convenient, but not necessarily healthy.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このA2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Let's Learn English! Topic: Food! 🥦🥫🍲」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：eat, cook, usually。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が460文、単語が5634語あります。 音声の長さは34:40です。 話す速さは1分あたり約163語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の82%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| boil 動詞 | /bɔɪ(ə)l/ | 沸かす, 沸騰させる |
| vegetable 名詞 | /ˈvɛd͡ʒ.tə.bəl/ | 野菜, 青物 |
| yummy 形容詞 | /ˈjʌm.i/ | 美味しい, おいしい |
| dish 名詞 | /dɪʃ/ | 皿 |
| bake 動詞 | /beɪk/ | 焼く |
| meal 名詞 | /ˈmiːl/ | 食事, めし |
| lesson 名詞 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 授業, 学科 |
| oven 名詞 | /ˈʌ.vn̩/ | オーブン |
| fry 動詞 | /fɹaɪ/ | (油で)揚げる, 炒る |
| spicy 形容詞 | /ˈspaɪsi/ | 辛い |
| snack 名詞 | /snæk/ | 軽食, スナック |
| ingredient 名詞 | /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ | 成分, 原材料 |
| pizza 名詞 | /ˈpi.tsə/ | ピザ, ピッツァ |
| organic 形容詞 | /ɔːˈɡænɪk/ | 有機 |
| bitter 形容詞 | /ˈbɪ.tɚ/ | 苦い |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| clean up 動詞 | 掃除する |
| come over 動詞 | 遣って来る |
| go back 動詞 | 戻る, 帰る |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- I'll talk about where you prepare food.
- I think you'll enjoy it.
- When you talk about food, you don't.
- You don't have to do anything to the apple.
- What time do you want to have dinner?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 条件文 if + 節, will/would + 動詞 — 条件とその結果 | if you think about it, I would say |
| 「used to」 used to + 動詞 — 今はもう違う過去の習慣や状態 | used to steam · used to make |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | I've done · have done · have eaten |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | would be written · is cooked · can be undercooked |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, I'm, they'reなど、短縮形や弱形を85回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: clothing /ˈkloʊðɪŋ/, unhealthy /ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: dish /dɪʃ/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, sheep /ˈʃiːp/, sunshine /ˈsʌnʃaɪn/, dishwasher /ˈdɪʃˌwɑʃɚ/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: ingredient /ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/, refrigerator /ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/, supermarket /ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/, vegetarian /vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。boil, vegetable, yummyなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。