シャドーイング練習: Risk Management: The Math Behind Profitable Trading | FTMO - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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52 文
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Many beginners spend months jumping from one trading strategy to another, thinking that a perfect entry is the missing piece to profitability.
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But the truth is, even the best strategy in the world will lose money if you don't manage your risk properly.
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Proper risk management is what actually separates professionals from amateurs.
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In this video, we're going to walk through the exact mathematical framework you need to protect your simulated capital.
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The first major hurdle we need to look at is undercapitalization.
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Because many brokers allow you to start with just 50 or 100 dollars.
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A lot of traders come in with a small account and think they can double it overnight.
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To do that, they are forced to over leverage their accounts and risk way too much.
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One short losing streak and the whole account is gone.
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And that's exactly why FTMO introduced a unique prop trading model.
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We provide a simulated environment with an initial balance up to 200 000 dollars.
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With larger demo accounts, you can keep your risk per trade very small while still targeting meaningful gains.
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So once you have access to the simulated capital, how much should you actually risk per trade?
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Most traditional textbooks suggest risking 2% per trade.
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But look at this.
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If you trade an FTMO account and hit just five consecutive losses at 2% risk of your initial balance,
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you are down 10%, which reaches the max loss limit in the two-step FTMO challenge.
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That is why at FTMO we highly recommend keeping your risk between 0.5% and 1.5% per trade.
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It gives you the breathing room to survive drawdowns without losing the account.
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However, where you sit within that range should differ based on your strategy.
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Let's say you're a scalper taking 5 trades a day.
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Risking 1% per trade means one bad afternoon could easily breach your max daily loss limit.
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For scalpers, 0.25% to 0.5% is much safer.
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On the On the other hand, if you're a swing trader taking one or two setups a week, risking 1% or 1.5% is perfectly fine.
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The key is structuring your position sizes to minimize the risk of breaching the trading objectives.
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Now even with perfect risk sizing we have to talk about losing streams.
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We all hate them but they are inevitable.
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Just look at the numbers here.
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Even
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if you have a solid trading strategy with 60% win rate there is still a 70% chance you'll face four consecutive losses.
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But does that mean your trading strategy is broken?
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Absolutely not.
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It just means you must build a trading plan
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that can sustain 9 or 10 consecutive losses without reaching the FTML max loss limit.
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The piece of the puzzle that makes surviving those drawdowns possible is your reward to risk ratio.
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For example, if you risk $100 to make $150, that's 1.5 to 1 ratio.
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As you can see in this picture, pairing this with 50% win rate makes you consistently profitable.
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Now, maintaining a 50% win rate means you already have a very significant edge.
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But remember, there is no universal holy grail in trading.
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Every trader is different.
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Some prefer a high win rate with lower risk to roll ratio.
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Others are highly profitable with win rate of just 25% or 30% simply because their winning trades are massive.
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Ultimately, you have to find the mathematical edge that fits your personality.
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Finally, you have to account for the unexpected.
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news releases, weakened gaps or emotional tilt can happen at any time.
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While FTMO does not strictly require you to use a stop loss, trading without one is playing with fire.
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At FTMO we have the max daily loss limit
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but understand this it is not a safety net for you to rely on.
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It is a strict limit.
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If you hit it you fail the evaluation process or lose your FTMO account.
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Your entire risk management plan must be designed to ensure you never even come close to hitting it.
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Protect your account, master your discipline and we'll see you soon in the markets!

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このC1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Risk Management: The Math Behind Profitable Trading」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：risk, account, trading, trade, Ftmo。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が52文、単語が654語あります。 音声の長さは3:45です。 話す速さは1分あたり約174語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の83%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語発音意味
simulate 動詞/ˈsɪm.jə.lət/シミュレートする
trader 名詞/ˈtɹeɪdɚ/商人, トレーダー
scalper 名詞/ˈskælpɚ/ダフ屋
profitable 形容詞/ˈpɹɑ.fɪ.tə.bl̩/有益な, 利益になる
hurdle 名詞/ˈhɝd(ə)l/ハードル, 障害
weaken 動詞/ˈwikən/弱くする
beginner 名詞/bəˈɡɪnɚ/ビギナー, 新参
textbook 名詞/ˈtɛkst.bʊk/教科書, テキスト
minimize 動詞/ˈmɪn.ɪˌmaɪz/最小化する
leverage 名詞/ˈlɛv.(ə.)ɹɪd͡ʒ/レバレッジ, レバ
broker 名詞/ˈbɹoʊkɚ/仲立人, ブローカー
puzzle 名詞/ˈpʌzəl/難題, 難問
differ 動詞/ˈdɪfɚ/異なる, 違う
streak 名詞/stɹiːk/条痕
demo 名詞/ˈdɛm.oʊ/デモ

注意したい発音

話し手はyou're, don't, we'llなど、短縮形や弱形を6回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

  • 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: mathematical /ˌmæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/, profitability /ˌpɹɑ.fɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, inevitable /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbəl/

この動画での練習方法

  1. まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
  2. まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
  3. 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。simulate, trader, scalperなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →