シャドーイング練習: Stop Confusing BE, BEEN & BEING! | Slow English Listening Practice (B1) - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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1
Victoria, quick question.
2
What's the difference between be, been, and being?
3
Ah, three little words that can make a perfectly confident learner suddenly go very quiet.
4
Exactly.
5
I hear them everywhere, but when I need one, my brain offers all three.
6
Very generous, not very helpful.
7
Then let's sort them out.
8
Today we'll make these forms easier to understand through everyday situations, little conversations, and a few mistakes we can fix together.
9
Good, because I'd like to be confident.
10
I've been confused before, and you're being very helpful already.
11
There you go.
12
Three different patterns before we've even introduced ourselves.
13
Keep those sentences in mind.
14
We'll come back to them.
15
Hello, everyone.
16
I'm Slava, and this is my wife, Victoria.
17
Welcome to the Cambridge English Walking Podcast.
18
Today, we're walking around Covent Garden in London.
19
Join us for slow British English or listen like a podcast while you're walking, cooking, or making tea.
20
Hmm, perhaps not while arguing with your kettle.
21
You'll need your attention for this.
22
Although, be quiet would be useful there.
23
Already another example.
24
But first, First, let's make one thing clear.
25
These are forms of the same verb.
26
So they're relatives.
27
That explains why they look similar and still manage to cause an argument.
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Yes.
29
You already know am, is, are, was, and were.
30
Be belongs to that family, and so do been and being.
31
Right.
32
We aren't learning three completely unrelated words, we're learning where different forms fit.
33
Exactly.
34
Imagine three familiar situations.
35
First, you're preparing for something.
36
You say, I want to be ready.
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That sounds like me.
38
I like knowing where we're going, what we need, and whether lunch is involved.
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Second, someone asks why you haven't answered their message.
40
You say, I've been busy.
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Useful.
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Although it doesn't explain why I had time to send them a photograph of my coffee.
43
That's a separate investigation.
44
Third, someone is helping you patiently.
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You say, you're being very kind.
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So want to be ready, have been busy, and are being kind.
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The words around each form are doing important work.
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Yes, that's what we'll practice.
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Don't try to give each form one translation that works everywhere.
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Listen to the whole expression.
51
Can we give everyone a small challenge before the explanations?
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Nothing frightening.
53
I haven't brought a pencil. Of course.
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Listen.
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I want to.. more confident. Which fits?
56
Be, been, or being?
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Take a moment to choose.
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I want to be more confident.
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If you chose be, lovely.
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If you didn't, keep listening.
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You'll hear why it fits.
62
Now imagine your friend says, you seem tired.
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You reply, I've busy all day.
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Which word belongs there?
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I've been busy all day.
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We're looking back over a period connected to now rather than just saying how we feel this second.
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Finally, someone is deliberately making a silly noise while you're trying to concentrate.
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Stop, silly.
69
What would you choose?
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Stop being silly.
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although that instruction might put a sudden end to half our conversations.
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We'll risk it.
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Notice that being appeared after stop, without am, is, or are.
74
That's why learning a few different patterns matters.
75
And if someone listening is thinking, I knew those answers, but I still hesitate when I speak, is this lesson for them too?
76
Absolutely.
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Recognizing the answer is a good start.
78
Now, we'll connect each pattern with a situation you can picture, then give you chances to say it.
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You can pause and repeat, or simply listen first and join in when you feel ready.
80
Ah, this is already more interesting than memorizing three definitions.
81
We can actually hear what people are trying to say.
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And by the end, you'll have practiced choosing for yourself.
83
Let's start with B, the basic form and a sentence you might use before an interview, I want to be ready.
84
Ready?
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Yes.
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Confident?
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Hopefully.
88
But why can't I say I want to am ready?
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Am already means something with I.
90
Ah, because want to needs the basic form afterwards.
91
I am ready works alone.
92
But after want to, we use be.
93
I want to be ready. So...
94
I shouldn't carry am into every sentence just because I'm talking about myself.
95
Exactly.
96
Listen to the pattern.
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I want to be.
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She wants to be.
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We want to be.
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The person changes, but be stays the same.
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That's surprisingly convenient.
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One little word that doesn't demand a different outfit for every person.
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Enjoy it while you can.
104
Now, imagine you're learning to drive.
105
You might say, I want to be a careful driver.
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Or, before meeting someone new, I want to be friendly.
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Not, I want to bin friendly.
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Right.
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Be fits after to here.
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Picture what you want.
111
Ready, friendly, confident.
112
Then build your sentence around, I want to be.
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Let's try something useful, everyone.
114
Think about a situation that matters to you, at work, with friends, or when speaking English.
115
How do you want to be?
116
Perhaps, I want to be more patient, or I want to be clear when I explain something.
117
Pause and make your sentence personal.
118
Mine would be, I want to be understood, especially when I'm explaining that looking at a menu is serious research.
119
Very serious.
120
But want isn't the only word we can use.
121
I need to be on time.
122
I'm trying to be patient.
123
I'd like to be there.
124
Hmm.
125
On time means at the planned time, not late.
126
I need to be on time for my appointment.
127
That's a sentence worth keeping.
128
Now, imagine your friend is nervous about tomorrow.
129
You say, you should be proud of yourself.
130
They've worked hard, and you want to encourage them.
131
Wait, should be?
132
Where did to go?
133
After should, we use the basic form directly.
134
You should be proud, not you should to be proud.
135
The same pattern works after can, could, and will.
136
It could be expensive.
137
We'll be ready.
138
You can be honest with me.
139
Ah, these sound familiar when we hear the whole expression.
140
Exactly.
141
Here's a useful contrast.
142
We need to be careful, but we should be careful.
143
Same idea about care, different pattern before be.
144
Let's give everyone a choice.
145
I'd like to… more confident.
146
Be, been, or being? Be.
147
I'd like to be more confident.
148
Now another.
149
You should… kind to yourself. Be again.
150
You should be kind to yourself, particularly when you're learning, because getting one answer wrong doesn't cancel everything you know.
151
And be can start a sentence, too. Be careful. Be patient. Be honest.
152
These can be instructions, advice, or encouragement.
153
Depending on your voice, be quiet can sound rather different from, be quiet, please, the baby's asleep.
154
Yes, and to make a negative instruction, use don't be.
155
Don't be late.
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Don't be afraid to ask.
157
I like that last one.
158
Everyone repeat it if you can.
159
Don't be afraid to ask.
160
A useful sentence outside English lessons, too.
161
If these examples are helping, subscribe and practice with us on our next walk as well.
162
One last quick test.
163
Your friend says, I should to be ready by 9.
164
What would you change?
165
Listen for the extra word.
166
Remove to, I should be ready by 9, but keep it in I need to be ready.
167
Say both sentences and notice what comes before be.
168
Right.
169
I want to be patient, I should be patient, and I'm trying to be patient.
170
But what if I want to explain that my patience started hours ago?
171
Then imagine someone asks, why are you so tired?
172
You look back over your morning and answer, I've been busy since breakfast. Since breakfast?
173
Hmm, that sounds like a long morning.
174
But what is been doing there?
175
Why not just say, I am busy?
176
Because I'm busy describes your situation now.
177
I've been busy since breakfast looks back from now to the time your busy morning started.
178
Ah, like looking along a path behind us – we're standing here now, but we can see where it began.
179
Exactly!
180
For this pattern, picture a bridge between an earlier time and a bridge and now.
181
We've been friends for years.
182
The friendship started before today and continues.
183
So been needs some company.
184
I've been, you've been, she's been.
185
It doesn't normally walk into this kind of sentence alone.
186
Right.
187
I've means I have, and she's means she has here.
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I have been busy, she has been busy.
189
Useful.
190
Although she's been busy could mean you've been planning another activity while I'm still checking the first one.
191
Let's keep our grammar examples friendly.
192
Listen instead.
193
I've been tired lately.
194
Lately means recently, around this time.
195
Does that mean I must still be tired at the exact moment I say it?
196
Not necessarily.
197
You're describing a recent period connected to now.
198
You might feel better today and still say, I've been tired lately.
199
Good, because one cup of coffee can change the situation quite quickly.
200
Sometimes.
201
Now, compare two useful words, for and since.
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I've been here for ten minutes.
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I've been here since two o 'clock.
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For tells us how long, ten minutes.
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Since tells us the starting point, two o 'clock.
206
Yes.
207
We've been married for several years.
208
We've been married since our wedding day different ways to look at the same period.
209
Let's practice, everyone.
210
Choose for or since.
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I've been busy this morning.
212
Which one fits? Since.
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I've been busy since this morning.
214
Now try I've been busy three hours.
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For three hours.
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At that point, I'd like someone to offer me a sandwich.
217
Here's another everyday use of been.
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Have you been to London before?
219
That asks about your experience, whether you've visited.
220
So that bridge picture helps with some examples, but this one is about a visit.
221
It doesn't mean the person has stayed in London ever since.
222
Exactly.
223
I've been to Edinburgh means I've visited Edinburgh.
224
You can say it while sitting at home in Cambridge.
225
And if somebody asks when, I could say I went there last year.
226
We change the pattern when we name that finished time.
227
Right.
228
I've been there before before.
229
I went there last year.
230
Keep those two examples together.
231
What about I've been waiting?
232
There's another action after been.
233
Have we invited too many words into the sentence?
234
No, they each have a job.
235
Have been waiting can describe an activity continuing over a period.
236
I've been waiting for ten minutes.
237
Perhaps I'm still waiting, or perhaps my friend has just arrived.
238
Either way, those ten minutes matter now.
239
Yes, but we don't need to study every tense today.
240
Notice these useful patterns.
241
I've been busy, I've been to London, and I've been waiting.
242
Your turn.
243
Say one true sentence starting with I've been.
244
You could choose a feeling, a place you've visited, or an activity.
245
Take your time.
246
For example, I've been busy this week.
247
You can repeat that first, then change one detail.
248
One more check.
249
If I say, I am being busy, have I put the wrong words together?
250
Yes.
251
Use, I've been busy, when you're looking back over a recent period.
252
Or simply say, I'm busy, for your situation now.
253
Listen to both, then choose the meaning you want.
254
Right.
255
I've been patient through all these examples.
256
Does that earn me a compliment?
257
Certainly.
258
You're being very patient now, Slava, and that little change gives us something new to explore.
259
Wait, that sounds different from your patient.
260
Are you complimenting my whole personality or just my excellent behaviour during this conversation?
261
Let's start with this conversation and see how the afternoon goes.
262
Your being patient focuses on how you're behaving in this situation.
263
Ah, like a camera showing what someone is doing rather than a label describing them in general.
264
Exactly.
265
That picture helps here.
266
Your kind can describe a quality.
267
Your being kind highlights the kindness you're showing now.
268
For example, someone helps me carry a heavy bag.
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I could say, thank you, you're being very kind.
270
Yes or someone listens while you explain a problem without rushing you.
271
You're being very patient with me.
272
Useful.
273
Much nicer than, Congratulations, you haven't walked away yet.
274
Slightly nicer.
275
Now let's try a less friendly example.
276
Imagine someone keeps interrupting a waiter.
277
Their friend says, you're being rude.
278
That points to their behavior in that moment.
279
It doesn't have to mean they're always rude.
280
Right.
281
But it's still a strong comment, so your tone matters.
282
You're talking about how someone is acting, not giving them a free pass.
283
Could I say, sorry, I'm being impatient.
284
Perhaps I keep checking the time while somebody is helping me.
285
Absolutely.
286
You're noticing your own behavior.
287
Sorry, I'm being impatient.
288
Please take your time.
289
That can make a difficult moment friendlier.
290
Hmm.
291
Now I'm wondering about happy.
292
If I feel happy today.
293
Should I say, I'm being happy?
294
Usually, no. Say, I'm happy.
295
A feeling happening now doesn't automatically need being.
296
I'm tired, I'm hungry, and I'm cold work too.
297
So, being isn't a special button I press whenever something is temporary.
298
Exactly.
299
Think about behavior in examples like being helpful, being careful, or being silly.
300
Don't add it to every feeling.
301
Let's test that.
302
You're standing outside without a coat.
303
Would you normally say, I'm cold, or I'm being cold?
304
I'm cold.
305
Now imagine someone is refusing to answer a simple question just to annoy you.
306
You're being difficult could describe that behavior.
307
Ah, cold describes how I feel.
308
Being difficult describes how I'm acting.
309
That difference is starting to click.
310
Lovely.
311
And being doesn't only appear after am, is, or are.
312
Remember our earlier example, stop being silly?
313
Unfortunately, yes.
314
A phrase that could seriously affect my contribution to this podcast.
315
Don't worry.
316
A little silliness is welcome.
317
After stop, we use the ing form for the activity or behavior we want to end.
318
So, stop being rude and stop being so hard on yourself.
319
That second one means stop judging yourself too harshly, right?
320
Yes.
321
Imagine a learner makes one mistake and says, my English is terrible.
322
You could reply, you're being too hard on yourself.
323
That's worth remembering.
324
One mistake doesn't tell the whole story.
325
Everyone, try saying that sentence as if you're encouraging a friend.
326
Here's another pattern.
327
Thank you for being patient.
328
After for, we use being here, not be.
329
And, I enjoy being here.
330
After enjoy, being fits too.
331
Same form, but we're not describing bad behavior or giving instructions.
332
Exactly.
333
Learn these little groups together.
334
You're being helpful, stop being silly, thank you for being patient, and I enjoy being here.
335
Can we try one positive example too?
336
I don't want everyone leaving this lesson ready to accuse their friends of being rude.
337
Good point.
338
Your being really helpful is lovely when someone explains something clearly.
339
Or say, thanks for being honest with me, when someone tells you something difficult but useful.
340
Your turn.
341
Someone has waited kindly while you practice.
342
Finish thank you for… What would you say?
343
Thank you for being patient.
344
Now we've met all three forms.
345
Let's put them side by side and catch a few sneaky mistakes.
346
Ah, a mistake lab.
347
Should I put on special glasses, or will my normal ones protect me from bad grammar?
348
Your normal ones will do.
349
And nobody needs to feel embarrassed here.
350
These are mistakes that help us understand the pattern.
351
Right.
352
First patient, I want to bin more confident.
353
I can hear something is wrong, but how do we fix it?
354
Everyone, choose before I answer, be, been, or being.
355
We need, I want to be more confident.
356
After want to, use the basic form, be.
357
Good.
358
One sentence saved.
359
Now, I have be very busy this week.
360
That one sounds like it left home without finishing getting dressed.
361
It needs been.
362
I have been very busy this week.
363
or more naturally in conversation, I've been very busy this week.
364
And our third patient says, thank you for be so helpful.
365
Lovely message, slightly broken delivery.
366
Thank you for being so helpful.
367
Remember the whole phrase, thank you for being.
368
You can change help to patient, kind, or honest.
369
Hmm.
370
So instead of asking which word looks right, I should listen to the words around the gap.
371
Exactly.
372
They give you clues.
373
Want to be, have been, thank you for being.
374
These little groups make choosing much easier.
375
Let's make it harder.
376
Same word, careful, three different situations.
377
First, we're about to cross a busy road, what could I say? Be careful.
378
A short warning.
379
You're telling someone what to do, so the basic form works on its own.
380
Second, somebody asks whether I've taken care while carrying their expensive camera.
381
I say, I've been careful with it.
382
Yes, you're looking back at how you've handled it.
383
And third, I'm watching you check every button before touching anything.
384
You're being very careful.
385
Which is reasonable.
386
One wrong button and suddenly I'm taking photographs of my own nose.
387
A powerful artistic choice.
388
But notice, careful stayed the same while the situation and the words around it changed.
389
Right.
390
Now a mistake I might genuinely make as a learner.
391
Yesterday, I have been tired.
392
What needs changing?
393
If you mean you felt tired yesterday, say, I was tired yesterday.
394
We normally use the past simple with a finished time, like yesterday.
395
Ah, so we shouldn't force been into every sentence about the past.
396
Sometimes was or were is exactly what we need.
397
Exactly.
398
Compare, I was tired yesterday, and I've been tired lately.
399
Yesterday is a finished time time, lately connects the recent past with now.
400
Your turn, everyone.
401
Choose the better sentence, I've been busy lately or I've being busy lately.
402
I've been busy lately.
403
Now another one, somebody keeps laughing during a serious conversation.
404
Stop be silly or stop being silly.
405
Stop being silly.
406
A sentence that Victoria is delivering with rather worrying confidence.
407
Only because it's useful practice.
408
And if these examples are helping, give the video a like, then let's try something more personal.
409
Imagine you're learning English and getting frustrated.
410
You tell a friend, I want to be fluent, but I've been nervous about speaking.
411
Your friend replies, you're being too hard on yourself.
412
You don't need to be perfect.
413
Just try one sentence.
414
Wait, before we move on, can we give listeners a sentence to repair themselves?
415
How about, I should being more patient with myself?
416
Good one.
417
Take a moment.
418
Say your answer out loud.
419
I should be more patient with myself.
420
After should, use be without to.
421
And honestly, that's useful advice as well as useful English.
422
Hmm.
423
There they are together, without a grammar exercise in sight.
424
A goal, a feeling over time, and someone's behavior now.
425
And each form has a job.
426
Next, we'll practice short everyday conversations so you can choose the words when it's your turn to speak.
427
Well, I like that idea.
428
Suppose we're deciding whether to spend our next free afternoon exploring somewhere unfamiliar or returning to a place we already know.
429
Oh, that's easy.
430
Somewhere new.
431
A different neighborhood, an unexpected cafe, perhaps a street we've never noticed.
432
Hang on.
433
I'm not entirely convinced novelty automatically makes an experience better.
434
Familiar places can be relaxing.
435
There's something to be said for knowing what to expect.
436
There's also something to be said for admitting that you simply don't want to consult a new map.
437
But fair enough.
438
I take your point.
439
A familiar place can feel comforting.
440
Notice that exchange, listeners.
441
Victoria challenged my opinion, but then acknowledged part of my argument.
442
If you heard only, I take your point, you might mistakenly assume we now agree.
443
Right.
444
So here's your first listening question.
445
Has Slava rejected exploring somewhere new, or has he simply questioned whether it's always the better choice?
446
I haven't rejected it.
447
I've challenged the assumption behind it.
448
In everyday conversation, that difference can easily get lost, particularly when someone speaks confidently.
449
A firm tone doesn't always mean an extreme opinion, and a polite response doesn't necessarily mean agreement.
450
Actually, let me revise my suggestion.
451
Instead of spending the entire afternoon somewhere unfamiliar, we could explore a new area for an hour and then return to a favorite café.
452
That might strike a better balance.
453
Now that's a proposal I can get behind.
454
Though, knowing us, the discussion about which café to visit could take longer than the walk itself.
455
Oh, please.
456
You'd probably draw up a short list, weigh up the options, and demand written evidence that the coffee was worth the journey.
457
Only if the committee insisted.
458
But listen to those phrases.
459
Strike a balance.
460
Get behind a proposal.
461
And weigh up the options.
462
And did you notice my correction?
463
I started with one plan, reconsidered, and offered a compromise.
464
Real conversations aren't perfectly straight lines.
465
People adjust their position when they hear a convincing point.
466
Let's take that a step further.
467
Imagine a colleague says, I'm open to the idea, although I'd have reservations about the cost.
468
Are they enthusiastic, completely opposed, or cautiously interested?
469
I'd say cautiously interested.
470
Reservations here means doubts or concerns, not a table booking.
471
Context tells you which meaning fits.
472
Now, repeat this phrase aloud.
473
I'd have reservations about… and add something of your own.
474
Perhaps I'd have reservations about changing the plan at the last minute.
475
Good.
476
And here's your final speaking challenge?
477
Answer this question in 30 seconds.
478
Is it better to plan your free time carefully or leave room for spontaneity?
479
Give an opinion, acknowledge the other side, and finish with a conclusion.
480
You could begin, on balance, I'm inclined to think.
481
Pause if you need more thinking time.
482
There's no prize for rushing, and a brief pause is perfectly natural.
483
And don't judge yourself by whether you used the most sophisticated vocabulary.
484
Ask whether your meaning was clear, your examples supported your point, and your tones suited the conversation.
485
We'd love to hear your answer in the comments.
486
Are you more of a careful planner or a spontaneous explorer? And why?
487
Write a few sentences in English.
488
We'll enjoy reading your different perspectives.
489
If this conversation helped you, give the video a like and subscribe to Advanced English Walk and Talk.
490
You'll find the PDF transcript through the link in the description so you can revisit the expressions and try the challenges again.
491
And Slava, for someone who claims to enjoy familiar places, you've managed a rather long walk through London today.
492
Any regrets?
493
Only that we haven't reached a decision about the café.
494
Apparently, advanced English improves your ability to discuss options, not your ability to choose one.
495
Well, we can work on that next time.
496
Thanks for walking and listening with us.
497
Stay curious, keep speaking, and we'll see you on our next adventure.
498
Bye!
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Stop Confusing BE, BEEN & BEING!」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：busy, sentence, patient, word。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が498文、単語が3803語あります。 音声の長さは27:27です。 話す速さは1分あたり約139語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の84%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| reservation 名詞 | /ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/ | 保留 |
| pause 名詞 | /pɔːz/ | 休止, 中断 |
| instruction 名詞 | /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/ | 指示 |
| rude 形容詞 | /ɹuːd/ | 無礼な, 失礼 |
| phrase 名詞 | /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/ | 句, 語句 |
| explore 動詞 | /ɪkˈsploɹ/ | 探検する |
| learner 名詞 | /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/ | 学習者 |
| podcast 名詞 | /ˈpɑdˌkæst/ | ポッドキャスト |
| grammar 名詞 | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | 文法 |
| listener 名詞 | /ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/ | 聞き手, 聴取者 |
| unfamiliar 形容詞 | /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/ | 知られていない |
| compliment 名詞 | /ˈkɑmpləmənt/ | お世辞 |
| weigh 動詞 | /weɪ/ | 重さを計る, 量る |
| subscribe 動詞 | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | 購読する |
| acknowledge 動詞 | /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/ | 承認する, 認める |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| weigh up 動詞 | 評価する |
| draw up 動詞 | 練る |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- How do you want to be?
- Then imagine someone asks, why are you so tired?
- Why not just say, I am busy?
- What about I've been waiting?
- Should I say, I'm being happy?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了進行形 have/has been + -ing — 以前に始まり今も続いている動作 | you've been planning · I've been waiting · Have been waiting |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | I've been · we've even introduced · haven't answered |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | is involved · being appeared · be understood |
| 「should」による助言 should + 動詞 — したほうがよいことを伝える | shouldn't carry · should be · should to |
注意したい発音
話し手はI've, you're, I'mなど、短縮形や弱形を172回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: reservation /ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, cautiously /ˈkɔːʃəsli/, impatient /ɪmˈpeɪʃənt/, harshly /ˈhɑːʃli/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: reservation /ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/, unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/, confidently /ˈkɑnfɪdəntli/, mistakenly /mɪˈsteɪ.kən.li/, spontaneity /ˈspɒn.tə.neɪ.ə.ti/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: explore /ɪkˈsploɹ/, learner /ˈlɜɹnəɹ/, unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, explorer /ɛkˈsplɔːɹə(ɹ)/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: reservation /ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/, convince /kənˈvɪns/, revise /ɹɪˈvaɪz/, revisit /ɹiːˈvɪzɪt/, novelty /ˈnɑvəlti/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/, unfamiliar /ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/, photograph /ˈfoʊ.təˌɡɹæf/, confidently /ˈkɑnfɪdəntli/, frighten /ˈfɹaɪ.tən/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。reservation, pause, instructionなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。