シャドーイング練習: What Happens When We Don't Get Enough Sleep - Scary Effects of Sleep Deprivation (animated) - YouTubeで英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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In today's fast paced world, a good night's sleep has become somewhat of a luxury.
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In today's fast paced world, a good night's sleep has become somewhat of a luxury.
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It has fallen down on our list of priorities behind work, chores, social time, and entertainment.
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Functioning on less sleep has even become some kind of badge of honor.
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We brag to our friends, how little sleep we got last night, like it's something to be proud of.
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But sleep should become our top priority.
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It’s a vital part of life as important to your physical and mental health as food and water.
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One of the biggest problems with lack of sleep is that people don't even know they are sleep deprived.
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Studies show that over time, people who are getting five hours of sleep, instead of seven or eight, begin to feel that they have adapted and got used to this sleep pattern.
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But if you look closely at how they actually do on tests of mental alertness and performance, they are functioning on a sub-par level.
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Stimulants like caffeine also aren’t enough to override your body’s profound need for sleep.
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Now let's look at some side effects that you'll have to deal with when being sleep deprived.
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1. It makes you dumb Sleep plays a critical role in thinking and learning.
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Lack of sleep hurts these cognitive processes in many ways.
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It impairs attention, alertness, concentration, reasoning, and problem solving.
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This makes it more difficult to learn efficiently.
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During the night, your brain is busy processing information from the day and forming memories.
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If you are sleep deprived, your ability to learn and retain new information may be impaired.
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This may not be news to anyone who has pulled an all nighter, cramming for a test only to find the facts and figures they knew at 2 a.m. could not be recalled the next day.
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To put it simply, without adequate sleep, your brain has a harder time absorbing and recalling new information.
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2. You'll gain weight Remarkably, sleep loss may also be a contributing factor to obesity.
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Firstly, it makes you too tired to get enough exercise.
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Secondly, you're more inclined to over eat, as it affects two hormones that control your hunger: ghrelin and leptin.
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Ghrelin signals your brain that it’s time to eat.
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When you’re sleep deprived, your body makes more ghrelin.
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Leptin, on the other hand, cues your brain to put the fork down.
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When you’re not getting enough sleep, leptin levels plummet, signaling your brain to eat more food.
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Put the two together, and it’s no wonder sleep deprivation leads to overeating and extra pounds.
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In fact, sleep-deprived participants in one study, ate an average of 300 calories more per day.
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Plus, when you’re sleep deficient, your brain's reward center lights up, looking for something that feels good.
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So while you might be able to avoid food cravings when you’re well rested, your sleep deprived brain may have trouble saying no to a second slice of cake.
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3. It's like being drunk Lack of sleep dulls activity in the brain’s frontal lobe, which involves motor function and problem solving.
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Your reaction time is slower and you don't have the mental clarity to make the best decisions.
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So it’s a little like being drunk.
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A National Sleep Foundation survey has revealed that 60 percent of adult drivers say they have driven a vehicle while feeling drowsy.
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And more than one third have actually fallen asleep at the wheel.
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Unfortunately, many of these situations end in tragedy.
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It's estimated that sleep deprived driving is responsible for a full 20 percent of all vehicle crashes.
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That would mean it causes approximately 1 million crashes each year in the U.S., eight thousand of which are fatal.
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So think twice before hopping behind the wheel, when you know you didn't get enough sleep.
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4. You might die early Reduced sleep time is a greater mortality risk than high blood pressure, heart disease and even smoking.
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In one meta-analays they discovered that people who slept for less than six hours each night, were 12 percent more likely to die prematurely, than those who slept the recommended six to eight hours.
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The team analysed 16 studies involving a total of 1.3 million people before reaching their conclusions.
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While you’re asleep, your body takes care of all of the regenerative jobs needed to keep it healthy.
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Without sleep, this regeneration process isn't completed.
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What suffers is your immune system.
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If you're not sleeping properly there can be significant issues in terms of your body's ability to fight off infections.
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Our immune system is designed to protect us from colds, flu, and other diseases, but when it is not functioning properly, it fails to do its job.
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That makes you more likely to get sick and stay sick, or have a slow healing time for any injuries you may have.
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I hope this gave you some insight on just how much sleep can affect our well being.
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If you want to know how to prevent all these deficiencies, you should check out my book summary of "Sleep Smarter", which will give you all the necessary tools to improve your sleep.
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Thanks for watching :)
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このレッスンについて
このレッスンでは、睡眠不足が健康に与える影響について学びます。このトピックを通じて、英語でのスピーキング練習を行い、理解力や発音を向上させることができます。特に、英語シャドーイングを使って、リスニング力と発音を強化することに重点を置きます。内容は幅広いので、英語の表現力を深めるのに役立つでしょう。
キーワードとフレーズ
- 睡眠不足 (Sleep deprivation)
- 認知能力 (Cognitive processes)
- ホルモン (Hormones)
- 運転中の眠気 (Drowsy driving)
- 早死にのリスク (Mortality risk)
- 免疫システム (Immune system)
- 記憶の形成 (Memory formation)
- 過剰摂取 (Overeating)
練習のヒント
この動画のテンポは比較的速いですが、英語の学習には最適な教材です。最初は音声を聞き取ることに集中しましょう。次に、英語シャドーイングを利用して、スピーキング練習を行います。具体的には、以下のステップを試してみてください：
- まず、動画を一時停止して、内容を理解しましょう。特に重要なフレーズをメモしてください。
- 次に、短いセクションごとに再生し、その後すぐに自分の声で繰り返します。これが英語の発音を良くする助けになります。
- リズムやイントネーションにも注意を払いながら、シャドーイングを行うことで、流暢さも向上します。
- 最後に、自分の発音を録音し、元の音声と比べて改善点を見つけましょう。
このようにして、IELTS スピーキング対策にも効果的な練習ができます。ぜひ、繰り返し練習してスピーキング力を向上させてください。さらに、shadowing siteを活用すれば、多様なリソースから学ぶことができます。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。