シャドーイング練習: Why Almost Everyone Is Wasting Their Time In The Gym - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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What if half the time and effort you're spending in the gym isn't actually doing anything?

What?

I know, I know how that sounds, but I just ran an experiment on over 200 people,

and what we found went against everything I thought I knew about training.

I'll break down exactly what we did, why most studies never catch this, and how many workouts you actually need to get the best results.

Ever since I got into lifting, I've always been someone who trains.

A lot.

Usually with six hard workouts a week because according to the latest research, the more sets you do with the gym, the faster you grow.

But most of these studies have only tested high volumes on one or two muscles at a time, not your entire body.

So was I actually getting more gains training six days per week?

Or could I have gotten just as good of results training with half of that?

To find out, I just need to run one of the biggest experiments on my life on 200 real people.

That's Drew.

He's one of 200 lifters we recruited as part of our 10 -week experiment, where each lifter was randomly assigned into one of two groups.

The first group, which

Drew fell into, is training six days per week using a push -pull leg split.

Pretty much the exact same routine I followed for years, with around 20 sets per muscle per week.

Now, Now the second group is also doing a push -pull leg split, but only three workouts per week.

So same general program, same muscles worked, but half the workouts and half the number of sets.

Coming off, working out six days a week, this is kind of nothing.

Like me, and most of the subjects we polled, Matt is predicting that the group training twice as much should build the most muscle.

He's even worried if he'll be able to build any muscle at all in this plan.

I don't know.

I hope I don't get fat.

Now to control everyone's nutrition, every subject followed a small calorie surplus with a minimum daily protein target.

And everything was trapped in our Built With Science app.

And so if we noticed anyone wasn't consistent, we kicked them out of the experiment.

We also made sure both groups were balanced for gender and had an equal number of beginner and intermediates in each.

And as for how we're measuring muscle growth, each week participants are submitting circumference measurements of their flexed and unflexed muscles.

And while you might think this isn't the most accurate way to assess growth, a lot of studies, including some of your videos,

Jeremy, you'll take a smaller group of people and do these really high -tech body composition measurements.

But obviously, you can only do that with small groups of people.

So with this kind of design,

what we do is we sacrifice the high -tech body comp measurements so that we can expand out and get a more,

you know, a larger, more representative sample.

That's Dr. Eric Trexler, a statistician and muscle growth researcher who helped us design this experiment in the first place.

After the 10 weeks are up, he'll independently crunch the numbers and tell us exactly what happened.

But so far, after just three weeks of training, the six -day -per -week group are struggling to keep up.

This week, I missed a few morning workouts.

Had to do them at night after leaving the office.

I started to dislike the six -day split a bit.

This is where we quickly started to notice a big difference between our two groups.

We actually asked all of our subjects to rate the difficulty of their program at the end of each week.

Going into the gym only three days a week, I am giving 110 % rather than cutting corners here and there.

I'm totally digging the program so far.

I've done a six -day routine in the past, but this program, it gives me energy.

I wake up wanting to work out instead of dreading it.

And in the first four weeks, the three -workout group consistently rated their workouts feeling easier and easier.

Whereas in our sixth workout group, It's a lot.

It's definitely tough to hit six days of the week.

My muscles are still sore when I work out.

Probably tougher than I expected.

They ranked their workouts as much harder and never really got any easier.

But we also asked both groups to rank how much they thought their workouts were working.

I had a massage this week and she said that she could tell that my muscles were a lot stronger,

a lot of definition and like the V shape.

I will say that my progress has been explosive.

If I look at week zero and now there is a huge difference.

And while both the three and six day groups were confident their plans were working,

the six day group repeatedly seemed to believe their program was doing more to maximize growth.

And it seemed like that confidence was helping them push through even the most challenging of their workouts.

I feel nauseated, which causes vomiting after the leg exercise a couple of days ago.

Now I can relate to people who like to skip the leg day.

Meanwhile some members of our three day group weren't sure if they were seeing results at all.

My belly's what's growing, the rest of me is kind of staying the same.

I do not feel any stronger nor fitter.

So at this point

I would say our sixth workout group not only had over a decade's worth of research predicting they would win,

but they also seem to have a clear advantage and confidence as well.

I've been telling myself to stop whining and wake up when the alarm is on.

I'm enjoying the result of my discipline, which means enjoying the program as well.

Hearing Atto say this made me feel pretty optimistic that he was using the best plan.

That is, until the last few weeks of the experiment, where there was one trend I kept noticing from our three workout group.

I feel way stronger than I did last week, I'm starting to feel like I'm in my 30s again.

Our three -worker group kept making videos about feeling stronger and lifting heavier than they did the week before.

I think maybe I did push myself harder because I only had three days and like, we gotta make these count.

We gotta go hard.

We only have three days.

Meanwhile, members of our six -worker group were talking about their training plan as if they were just trying to survive.

Am I enjoying the program so far?

No, I'm not.

I don't know that I would recommend anybody to follow this kind of program or maybe if I were half my age,

it wouldn't be such a big deal.

But feelings don't necessarily tell you which program actually builds more muscle.

So after 10 weeks, we collected all the data, and we sent it to Dr. Eric Trexler and let the numbers decide.

Whenever I analyze data, the first thing I do is just visualize the data.

I try to get an understanding of the data characteristics and the distributions.

Basically trying to make sure that your data collection process yielded data that are high quality and realistic.

And looking at the data from this experiment, that was definitely the case.

The analysis revealed that all of the groups in this experiment did on average achieve statistically significant growth.

Now a million dollar question is, which group grew the most?

Combined growth in the six -day program was 0 .83 inches on average,

whereas the three -day -a -week push -pull legs led to a combined growth of 0 .75 inches.

Now you might say, you know, that looks like a meaningful difference.

But it's important to understand that that was not nearly a significant difference between the two.

And any statistician would look at these data and say, those two groups essentially grew the same amount.

So despite our three -day group doing half the training, statistically, they grew pretty much the same as a six -day group.

Now, my first assumption is that we accidentally screwed something up.

The strongest available research out there suggests that if you go from 10 sets per muscle per week to double that,

100

you should get about 60 % more gains.

101

And when I run that calculation, that means the six day per week group should have seen

102

a combined growth of 1 .2 inches instead of just 0 .83.

103

In my experience, most people who push to higher frequencies and higher volumes, they end up sacrificing other aspects of their program.

104

That's Dr. Eric Helms, a muscle researcher and natural pro bodybuilder.

105

When it came to him with our findings, he explained how your muscles don't actually care about how many sets are written in your workout.

106

They only respond to the actual muscle building stimulus those sets create.

107

So there's absolutely scenarios in my coaching experience where people have

108

done something like going from 20 plus sets to say in the teens

109

and started to grow better or more or break a plateau.

110

And it's because the actual dose was higher when they dropped the volume.

111

It's just that they did everything else better and they didn't realize how much they were sandbagging.

112

And there's an interesting psychological reason as to why this happens.

113

See, back in 2014, researchers had people do 12 sets of maximal isometric bicep contractions, trying to produce as much force as possible on every set.

114

But researchers only told half the participants how many sets they'd be doing.

115

Whereas for the other half, researchers lied and told them they would only have to do six sets total.

116

And so despite both groups being told to push themselves as hard as possible on every set,

117

the group that knew they were going to be doing 12 sets paced themselves

118

and consistently produced less power than the group who thought they only had to do six.

119

And that may be exactly what was happening in our six workout per week group.

120

There's an accumulation of fatigue.

121

I need to pace myself more.

122

It's just a lot of volume to do six days a week.

123

Even though our app prompts them to push them close to failure on every set, Just knowing

124

that they had twice as much training to get through could have very well caused them to subconsciously hold back

125

or Let the form slip as it got tired

126

But now you might be wondering if that's the case then why do studies still?

127

Consistently show more volume equals more growth push push go go push

128

Most people do not train hard enough in their training when we get them in to the lab

129

And we I mean they're all supervised training and we push the crap out of them

130

Research studies are designed to isolate one variable and control everything else.

131

And so when volume is increased, participants are supervised to make sure they're still pushing just as hard.

132

and keeping their form consistent.

133

In fact, just three days before we were supposed to post this video,

134

a brand new study was published by one of our Built With Science researchers.

135

They compared a group training under supervision with another group doing the exact same plan, but with no one watching them.

136

And after just eight weeks, the supervised group grew more in pretty much every single muscle measured,

137

with fat -free mass gains favoring the supervised group by more than a pound.

138

So in the real world, unless someone is watching every rep and pushing you, you're left to manage that yourself.

139

And if you don't, a lot of the extra time

140

and effort you're putting into the gym could very well be going to waste.

141

Okay, so what should you actually do with all this information?

142

Well, to start, there's three tests you can do to determine if you're actually wasting time in the gym.

143

Test number one is rep speed.

144

If you're pushing hard enough, your last few reps in a set should move much slower compared to your first few reps.

145

If not, it means you're likely stopping too soon.

146

Test number two, rep drop off.

147

So let's say you're doing three sets of an exercise.

148

If with the same weight, your reps stay almost perfectly flat from set to set or somehow go up on your final set,

149

that's a good sign you didn't push hard enough in your earlier sets.

150

If you're pushing hard, you should see some drop off.

151

And so maybe 12 reps in set one becomes 11 in set two, and then that becomes nine or 10 in set three.

152

But the final and most important test is actually the simplest.

153

If you look back at the last two or three months of your training, are you consistently adding reps or weight on your main lifts?

154

If yes, then your program is probably doing its job.

155

But if you're training five or six days a week and your lifts haven't moved in months, you might actually want to try cutting it back.

156

Well, it might not be a terrible idea to do a little experiment with yourself.

157

Try to cut down on your volume for a training block or two, really push your intensity, be very intentional about bringing effort into your sessions

158

and it's easy to just kind of watch your progress over time.

159

Practically, this could look something like just doing two hard, high quality sets per exercise instead of the usual three or four.

160

If you do find that, wow, I'm actually pushing those sets a lot harder,

161

I'm more focused in the gym and the lack of volume is not holding me back,

162

you may find retrospectively that you were kind of wasting your time doing some low effort sets.

163

Okay, but now let's say you're somebody like me.

164

You know how to train hard, your form is dialed, and whether you have five sets or 20 to do,

165

you're going to push them all properly.

166

And so in this case, surely doing way more volume should build more muscle, right?

167

Well, this is where things get interesting because shortly after we finished our experiment, a group of researchers conducted a very similar experiment.

168

They took over 100 trained lifters and compared roughly 36 weekly sets for their arms and thighs against just nine sets.

169

That's about four times the volume.

170

But unlike our experiment, every workout they did was supervised to make sure the high volume group didn't start slacking on the extra sets.

171

And so, if high volume was ever going to completely blow lower volume out of the water, technically, this should have been it.

172

The data do slightly favor the higher volumes in this study, but the difference is probably what most people would consider non -meaningful.

173

I think that's just worth acknowledging that every single set you start adding, and especially as you get into the teens and twenties,

174

is such a marginal return on investment.

175

But that doesn't mean the extra work was useless.

176

Especially for someone like

177

Eric, who's on a mission to become one of the top five natural bodybuilders in the world.

178

I just spent 10 to 11 hours of this week training, and I could have gotten almost the same outcome doing a third of that.

179

Like, it's stupid, right?

180

And so if you're someone who's willing to make that trade -off to squeeze out every last bit of muscle,

181

then I have some really good news

182

because we actually tested a third workout group that actually got the best results of the entire experiment.

183

For this group, we took all the volume from our six -day split

184

and we packed it into just three full -body workouts with supersets to save time.

185

The difference is very small and not statistically significant, but technically the program that caused the most growth was the three -day full -body program.

186

It led on average to a growth of 0 .87 inches,

187

which was slightly greater than what we observed on the six -day push -pull legs program.

188

It's probably not the volume because the volume was matched with that push -pull legs six -day -a -week program.

189

Maybe it's the frequency, right?

190

So that three -day full -body workout, they're training higher frequency per muscle group, meaning because you're taking the same volume per muscle group,

191

but splitting it into more workouts, you're not getting into that situation where your performance trails off when you do set after set after set.

192

Ironically, this plan is actually quite similar to how

193

Eric Helms structures his own training.

194

But instead of doing just three full body workouts per week, he does six, with each workout being split into two separate sessions,

195

one in the morning and one in the evening to maximize volume

196

while keeping the quality of each workout as high as possible.

197

And so if you're somebody who wants to do everything you can to maximize your growth, Thank you

198

and you're confident you're not going to let the extra volume compromise your effort or form,

199

then here's what I recommend in terms of sets per week and some good workout split options.

200

But on the other hand, if you just want to make solid gains without spending a ton of time in the gym,

201

or you're somebody who's trained a lot right now and just not seeing great results, then here's what I recommend.

202

And so while I'm personally not willing to go as far as Eric to maximize growth, I do train hard four to five times a week,

203

which gets me about 60 to 70 % of the way there.

204

Trade off that makes sense for me.

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But just as we saw with our experiment members,

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any plan can get you results as long as you're willing to stick with it and support it with good nutrition.

207

And if you want all of this guesswork taken care of for you with a personalized workout

208

and nutrition plan that adjusts weekly based on how your body is actually responding, I highly, highly recommend trying out our Built With Science Plus app.

209

You can try it completely free for two weeks by scanning this QR code right here or heading to builtwithscience .com.

210

Thanks so much for watching and see you next episode.

211

Hello.

212

Oh, hi.

213

What's up, man?

214

Good to see you.

215

How did you like training six times a week?

216

It seemed like you had quite a hard time.

217

Am I enjoying the program so far?

218

No, I'm not.

219

I feel nauseated.

220

Quite frankly, I would say that I hate it at that time.

221

Well, I do have some good news for you.

222

I have another experiment.

223

Oh, wow.

224

Wow.

225

Yeah, sure, I'm in.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Why Almost Everyone Is Wasting Their Time In The Gym」を教材にしています。繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：workout, muscle, volume, training, push。この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が225文、単語が3156語あります。音声の長さは16:18です。話す速さは速く、1分あたり約194語です。音のつながりや弱く発音される音が多くなります。単語の85%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語	発音	意味
workout 名詞	/ˈwɝk.aʊ̯t/	運動, トレーニング
muscle 名詞	/ˈmʌs.əl/	筋肉, 筋
experiment 名詞	/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/	実験
researcher 名詞	/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/	研究員, 研究者
maximize 動詞	/ˈmæksəmaɪz/	最大化する
frequency 名詞	/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/	頻度
combine 動詞	/kəmˈbaɪn/	合わせる, 結び付ける
nutrition 名詞	/njuːˈtɹɪʃ.ən/	営養, 栄養
measurement 名詞	/ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/	測定
participant 名詞	/pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/	参加者, 関与者
meanwhile 副詞	/ˈmiːnwaɪl/	その間に
worker 名詞	/ˈwɝ.kɚ/	労働者, 勤労者
pace 名詞	/peɪs/	歩幅
sixth 形容詞	/sɪksθ/	六番目
routine 名詞	/ɹuˈtin/	日課, ルーティン

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語	発音	意味
drop off 動詞		落ちる
wake up 動詞	/ˌweɪk ˈʌp/	目覚める, 目を覚ます
find out 動詞		見出す, 調べる
take over 動詞		引き受ける
try out 動詞		試す, 試してみる

繰り返し練習したい文

動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。

I hope I don't get fat.
I'm totally digging the program so far.
Am I enjoying the program so far?
If not, it means you're likely stopping too soon.
How did you like training six times a week?

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型	動画での表現
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる	was trapped · were balanced · are written
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している	I've always been · have only tested · have gotten
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える	someone who trains · people who like · discipline, which means

注意したい発音

話し手はyou're, I'm, don'tなど、短縮形や弱形を59回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

「th」の音: sixth /sɪksθ/, thigh /θaɪ/
「sh」と「zh」の音: nutrition /njuːˈtɹɪʃ.ən/, measurement /ˈmɛʒ.ə.mənt/, shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, composition /ˌkɑm.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/
長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, consistently /kənˈsɪstəntli/, participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/, statistically /stəˈtɪs.tɪ.kə.li/, technically /ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

/r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, trail /tɹeɪl/, reveal /ɹɪˈviːl/, roughly /ˈɹʌf.li/
/v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: reveal /ɹɪˈviːl/, variable [ˈvæɹ.i.ə.bl̩], observe /əbˈzɜːv/, explosive /ɛkˈspləʊsɪv/, supervision /ˌs(j)uːpəˈvɪʒən/
/f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: frequency /ˈfɹiːkwənsi/, sacrifice /ˈsæk.ɹɪ.faɪs/, meaningful /ˈmiː.nɪŋ.fl̩/, roughly /ˈɹʌf.li/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/

この動画での練習方法

まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。workout, muscle, experimentなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: Why Almost Everyone Is Wasting Their Time In The Gym - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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