シャドーイング練習: Why do snakes shed their skin? - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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(phone ringing) - Hi, it's Doug.
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This is my family's pet tortoise, Mr. Tortoise.
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I know, not the most creative name in the world.
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Like other tortoises and turtles, as Mr. Tortoise grows, he sometimes sheds little bits of skin, even layers of these little plates on his back.
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Someone named Molly, has a question about another kind of reptile that does this.
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Let's give Molly a call now.
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(phone ringing) - Hi, Doug. - Hi, Molly.
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- I have a question for you, why does snakes shed their skin?
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- Ooh, that's a great question.
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Walking around in a forest, you might even find something like this, an entire skin left behind by a snake after it shed.
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It's not common to see a wild snake in the act of shedding its skin, but people who have pet snakes have filmed lots of videos of this.
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Like, check this out.
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This is a type of snake called a Milk snake.
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This one is named Candy Cane and Candy Cane here is in the process of shedding his skin with a little help from his caretaker.
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Shedding starts at the snake's head and can take hours or days for the snake's old skin to be fully left behind.
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And it's not just snakes that do this.
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Insects do too, like dragonflies for example.
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You can sometimes find the shed skins left behind by them, sitting on the tops of tall grass, or in many parts of North America, you can find the shed skin left behind by this, a cicada.
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Wow, look at that.
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Spiders do this too, like this tarantula.
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Even some ocean creatures do this.
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Crustaceans like this crab, as it slowly backs out of its old shell, shedding and leaving it behind.
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Whoa, look at that.
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Why do all of these animals do this?
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Well, one clue is how often they do it.
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All of these animals shed their skin a lot more when they're young, when they're growing.
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Some baby snakes will shed their skin every two weeks.
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Gradually, as they get bigger and bigger, they do it less often.
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Instead of every two weeks, it becomes more like two to four times per year.
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So shedding their skin seems to have something to do with how they grow, but wait a second, because we grow too and we don't shed our skins like a snake or an insect.
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Can you imagine?
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Would our parents save it and show our friends?
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Aww, come look at the skin you shed when you were a little baby.
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Aww, it's so cute.
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Oh, that would be so weird.
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And it's not just us either, lots of other animals don't seem to shed their skin as they grow, dogs, cats, hamsters, why do animals like snakes and insects shed their skin, but other living things don't?
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What ideas do you have?
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Now would be a good time to pause the video and discuss.
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Okay, you ready?
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Well, actually it turns out we do shed our skin, not our entire skin all at one time, the way a snake or an insect or a crab does, but as our bodies grow, we do grow new skin and we shed little bits of old skin as we're growing.
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Usually these little bits of skin we shed are so small, we don't tend to notice them, but sometimes, like if you wear dark clothing, you actually can notice little flecks of it here and there.
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It's no big deal, we all do this and when you think about the fact that it means your body's growing, it's actually kind of interesting.
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So then, why do these other animals shed their entire skin all at once?
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That's something that's hard to know for sure, but it's probably something that's helpful to them.
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I asked this question to some scientists who study these animals.
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Some of them think that one possibility is that their skin is less flexible than ours.
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Animals like insects, spiders, and crabs have a tough outer layer of skin that acts like a shield.
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We call it an exoskeleton.
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With such tough, rigid skin, it might be that being able to shed the entire skin every few months is what allows these animals to grow.
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There could be another reason too.
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A lot of animals often have tiny creatures living on them, tiny things like ticks, fleas, lice, sometimes these little animals even carry diseases.
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Scientists have pointed out that when snakes shed their skin, it leaves lots of these little pests behind.
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Shedding their skin gets rid of these pests.
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So maybe shedding their entire skin all at once is a special feature that some animals have to get rid of pests.
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Now, that said, animals that don't shed their entire skin can still get ticks and lice on them so they have to rely on other ways to get rid of these.
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Like these giraffes who rely on birds to help pick them clean of any little pests, or these snow monkeys in Japan, they're carefully grooming each other to remove any tiny pests that might be hanging out in their fur.
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So in summary, lots of animals shed their skin to make room as they grow.
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Some of them do it all at once, some not.
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Shedding their skin all at once has an interesting plus.
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You don't have to take a shower.
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That's all for this week's question.
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Thanks, Molly, for asking it.
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Now for the next episode I reached into my question jar and picked out three questions sent in to me that I'm thinking about answering next.
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When this video is done playing, you'll get to vote on one.
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You can choose from, why do we have leap years?
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Who invented the piano?
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Or how do traffic lights work?
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So submit your vote when the video is over.
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I wanna hear from all of you watching.
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There are mysteries all around us.
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Stay curious and see you next week.

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この動画でスピーキングを練習する理由は?

このビデオでは、蛇がなぜ脱皮するのかという興味深いテーマを通じて、英語のスピーキングを練習できます。蛇の脱皮という自然現象に関する情報を話し合うことは、英語での表現力を高める良い機会です。特に、YouTubeで英語学習をしている皆さんには、視覚的要素が加わることで、理解が深まり、記憶にも残りやすくなります。また、shadow speakの技術を使うことで、ネイティブスピーカーの発音やイントネーションをより忠実に再現することができ、英語スピーキング練習の効果が格段に向上します。

文法と表現の文脈

この動画には、いくつかの重要な文法構造と表現が含まれています。具体的には以下のようなポイントがあります:

  • 疑問文の使用: 「Why do snakes shed their skin?」のように、疑問文を用いて話題を導入することが効果的です。
  • 条件文の活用: 「If you wear dark clothing, you actually can notice little flecks of it here and there.」という文は、条件文を使った理由付けの良い例です。
  • 現在完了形の活用: 「We've all done this.」といったように、過去の経験を現在に結びつける表現が使われています。
  • 比喩的表現の利用: 「It's actually kind of interesting.」といった表現は、話し手の感情や評価を述べるのに役立ちます。

これらの表現を意識して音読することで、IELTS スピーキング対策にもなりますし、会話力を大いに向上させることができます。

一般的な発音の罠

この動画には、発音に際して注意が必要な言葉やアクセントがあります。特に次のような点に注意してください:

  • 脱皮 (shed): 「shed」の発音は「シェド」ではなく「シェッド」と、正しい母音を使う必要があります。
  • 成長 (grow): 「grow」の音は「グロー」ではなく「グロウ」と正しく発音することが重要です。
  • 動物 (animals): 複数形の「animals」は「アニマルズ」ではなく「アニマルス」と軽く発音することが求められます。

これらの発音を練習する際には、shadow speechの方式を用い、自分自身の発音を録音して聞き返すことが効果的です。

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型動画での表現
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係しているhave filmed · have pointed
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てるis named · is done
「might / may」による可能性 might/may + 動詞 — 起こりうるが確実ではないことmight even find · might be
現在進行形 am/is/are + -ing — 今まさに、または最近起きていることthey're growing · we're growing · I'm thinking

シャドーイングとは?英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング(Shadowing)は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的:ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影(shadow)」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →