쉐도잉 연습: Are artistic brains different? - 6 Minute English - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기

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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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I'm Neil.
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And I'm Sam.
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Would you say you're artistic, Sam?
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Can you draw or paint?
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Do you dance or play music?
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I play the piano a bit.
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Yes, I'd say I'm quite artistic.
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How about you, Neil?
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Well, if you count playing football as artistic then yes, but basically no, I can't paint.
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We've been wondering why artistic ability comes more naturally to some people than others, so in this programme we'll be asking, are artists' brains different?
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We'll hear two expert opinions and, as usual, we'll learn some useful new vocabulary as well.
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So what do you think, Neil?
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Are artists' brains different from other people's?
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I'm not sure, Sam, but it's true that many artists behave differently, often in very strange ways.
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For example, did you know that Michelangelo worked so hard he never took a bath?
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Or that guitar legend Jimi Hendrix once set fire to his guitar on stage?
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We'll hear more about the artist's brain soon, but first I have a question for you.
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As you said, artistic ability comes naturally to some people, including the famous composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
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Mozart was considered a child prodigy – a young child with very great musical talent.
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So how old was Mozart when he composed his first piece of music?
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Was he a 5 years old, b 10 years old or c 15 years old?
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I'll guess he was a 5 years old.
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OK, Sam, I'll reveal the answer later in the programme.
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If artists' brains are different, it could mean they see the world in unusual ways.
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Dr Rebecca Chamberlain is a researcher in the neuroscience of art.
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She investigates how artists see the objects they are drawing by measuring saccades – the rapid movements our eyes make as they jump from one thing to another.
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Here she shares her findings with BBC World Service programme CrowdScience.
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Artists seem to be processing the visual world in a different way to non-artists, particularly when they're drawing.
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The artists actually take a more global approach to looking, so they make bigger saccades, bigger eye movements and shorter fixations on the image.
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So it's almost like they're getting much more of a kind of gist level view of the thing that they're looking at.
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Rebecca's experiments seem to confirm that artists' brains work differently because of their processing of the visual world – the way their brains make sense of information.
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Interestingly, processing also means the act of developing pictures from photographic film.
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When they draw, artists make bigger, quicker eye movements so they're able to see the whole picture – something also known as the gist, the overall, general impression of something without focusing on the details.
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If you get the gist of what someone is saying, you understand the overall meaning of what they say, but not the details.
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The second expert to answer our question about the artistic brain is Mike, a BBC World Service listener from Malawi.
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Mike is a self-taught painter who creates large, colourful pictures in his studio.
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According to him, artistic ability isn't something you're born with – it can be learned.
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as he explained to BBC World Service's CrowdScience.
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I had this other student.
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He was like really at the zero, like he could not grow at all.
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So I gave him some tips, and in a month, he was like really good.
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He was like really surprised, blown away.
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He never expected.
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So there are some things that are trainable.
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It's like a bike.
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In my case, I learned how to do those things without anyone telling me.
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You know, like, if you are growing the face, a human face, the distance between the face your eyes is the same as one of your eyes.
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Mike gives tips to his students – helpful pieces of advice about how to do something, in this case, to paint.
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After getting Mike's tips, one of his students really improved and started painting much better.
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Mike was blown away – an informal way to say very impressed or surprised.
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Like learning to ride a bike, Mike thinks that painting is trainable – a word from American English meaning that it can be taught or trained.
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For him, this is proof that artists' brains are not so different after all.
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So there we have it, two different opinions but no final answer to our question.
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Still, some scientists think there may be a third possibility – everyone's brain works by focusing on some areas and ignoring others, making a kind of jigsaw puzzle with missing pieces.
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Maybe all of us – you, me, Mozart and Jimi Hendrix – are just filling in the missing pieces our own way.
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Speaking of Mozart, Neil, it's time to reveal the answer to your question.
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Right.
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I asked how old child prodigy Mozart was when he first composed music.
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And I said he was five years old.
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So was I right?
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Your answer was correct.
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Mozart was five when he first wrote music and by the age of six, he had performed in front of the Emperor of Austria twice.
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Now there's an artistic brain.
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OK Neil, let's recap the vocabulary from this programme, starting with child prodigy.
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A young child, like Mozart, with a great talent in something.
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Processing describes how your brain makes sense of the information it receives.
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The gist of something is a general understanding of it, without the details.
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Tips are useful pieces of advice about how to do something better.
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If you are blown away, you are very impressed or surprised by something.
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And finally, trainable means able to be trained or taught in American English.
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Once again, our six minutes are up.
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It's goodbye for now.
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Goodbye.
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이번 수업에서는 예술가들이 세상을 어떻게 바라보는지, 그리고 그들의 두뇌가 일반 사람들과 어떻게 다른지를 탐구할 것입니다. 예술적 능력은 어떻게 발달하며, 그것이 학습 가능한지에 대해서도 깊이 이야기할 것입니다. 특히, 두 명의 전문가의 의견을 통해 예술가의 사고 방식과 시각 처리 방법에 대해 배울 것입니다. 이 내용을 바탕으로 영어 회화 연습을 통해 당신의 말하기 능력을 한층 더 향상시킬 수 있습니다.

주요 어휘 및 구문

  • artistic ability (예술적 능력) - 예술을 잘 할 수 있는 능력
  • child prodigy (어린 천재) - 어린 나이에 뛰어난 재능을 가진 사람
  • saccades (안구 운동) - 시선이 빠르게 움직이는 현상
  • gist (맥락) - 전체적인 인상이나 의미
  • trainable (훈련 가능한) - 배우거나 훈련할 수 있는 성질
  • tips (조언) - 유용한 정보나 조언
  • visual world (시각적 세계) - 우리가 보는 모든 것

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