쉐도잉 연습: ENGLISH VOCABULARY - Family Vocabulary! This Vocabulary Builder teaches you all about family - YouTube로 영어 말하기 배우기
B1
Time to learn some vocabulary.
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1
Time to learn some vocabulary.
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Family relationships in American English.
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We'll also go over a couple of idioms related to family relationships.
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On a recent family vacation,
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I pulled my family aside and made them go on camera for you.
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So you're going to get to see not only my family,
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but you're going to learn the words we use when describing our relationships.
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And we're really going to focus on pronunciation.
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For example, you should not be pronouncing every sound in this word.
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And this word has two pronunciations.
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I'll put the phonetics up with each word,
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and I really encourage you to practice out loud with this one.
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Listen to how it's pronounced in real life,
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and then practice it with me.
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Let's get started.
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This is my son, Nick.
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This is my dad, Steve.
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Son and dad.
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When you have a child,
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it is a son or daughter.
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Sun is pronounced with the very relaxed UH as in butter vowel.
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Suh, sun, and it sounds just like this word sun as in the sun in the sky.
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There's absolutely no difference in pronunciation.
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Sun.
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Sun.
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Say that with me.
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Sun.
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Let's watch that again.
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This is my son, Nick.
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This is my dad, Steve.
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Dad.
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This is casual but the most common way to say father.
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There's been only a few times in my whole life
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that I've heard someone use the word father outside of something official like filling out a form.
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Dad is just what we use.
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Dad has the AA vowel.
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Jaw drop, tongue lifted in the back, da-ah.
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Dad.
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Say that with me.
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Dad.
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Dad.
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A quick note about father.
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We can also use this idiomatically.
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In this case, it doesn't mean the actual biological father of someone,
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but we can use it to mean a man who has innovated or founded something.
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For example, in philosophy, Petrarch is considered to be the father of humanism.
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His writing and his ideas form the foundation of humanism.
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Henry Ford was the father of the American auto industry.
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Okay, let's keep going.
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This is our mom.
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We're sisters.
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These are my daughters.
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Mom.
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Just like dad, it's more casual but also more common than mother.
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The letter O here makes the ah as in father sound.
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Mom.
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Say that with me.
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Mom.
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Mom.
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This is our mom.
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We're sisters.
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These are my daughters.
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Sisters.
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What a wonderful thing to have a sister.
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I don't have one, but I hear they're great.
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Two syllables stress on the first syllable.
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The R can sometimes mess people up, keep it simple.
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It's unstressed.
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Er, er, er.
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Sister.
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Say that with me.
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Sister.
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Sister.
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Sisters.
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Sisters.
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We're sisters.
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These are my daughters.
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Daughter.
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A-U-G-H.
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Four letters making just one sound.
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The AW as in LAW sound, DAW.
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Daughter.
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The T is a flap T.
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We make a T a flap T when it comes between two vowels.
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H is a consonant, but remember,
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these rules don't apply to letters, just sounds.
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So it does come between two vowel sounds.
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For the flap, the tongue just bounces once against the roof of the mouth, rararar.
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So there's no real tt-t sound in it.
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Daughter.
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Daughter.
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In fact, most Americans would probably describe this flap as a D sound.
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Daughter.
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Just like sister, it ends in the schwa R sound, simple and fast.
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Frr, frr, frr.
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Daughter.
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Daughters.
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These are my daughters.
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We're husband and wife.
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This is my husband, Steve.
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So we have husband and wife.
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They're married.
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Husband.
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Two syllables stress on the first syllable.
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The second syllable has this letter A,
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but really it's almost like there's no vowel in it.
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Bint, bint, bint.
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Husband.
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Notice the S here should be pronounced as a Z sound.
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Hus, hus, husband.
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We're husband and wife.
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This is my husband, Steve.
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Wife.
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One syllable.
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Wife.
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Lips go in to form a really rounded shape,
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ww-w-w-y, then jaw drop, they relax, w-w-w-w-f.
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Then the bottom lip comes up and touches the bottom of the top front teeth.
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Wife.
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Wife.
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We're husband and wife.
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They're married.
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Mary.
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This can sound just like this word,
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marry, or this word, marry.
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Married.
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Married.
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Now don't forget grandparents.
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This is my grandma.
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Grandma.
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The most common pronunciation of this has two dropped sounds.
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You can drop the N and the D.
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Grandma.
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Grandma.
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So the vowel here is a little tricky.
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The AA vowel followed by M.
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Gra-uh.
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You want to relax it.
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Eh, uh.
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Get an uh in there.
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Grandma.
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Gra-uh.
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Gra-uh.
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Grandma.
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Grandma.
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This is my grandma.
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This is my father-in-law, Glenn,
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and he's my son Stoney's grandpa,
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and he happens to be an awesome grandpa because this is what an awesome grandpa looks like.
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Now there I said, grandpa.
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Just like grandma, drop the D.
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But you do need to keep the N sound,
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Or some people definitely do change that into an M.
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Grrampah or Grrampah.
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The M is probably the more common pronunciation.
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Gram, Grandpa.
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So the tongue doesn't go to the roof of the mouth like it does for the N.
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The lips just close in anticipation for the P.
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Grrampah, Grandpa.
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And again, just like grandma,
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get an uh in there.
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Gra-a-a-a-a-am.
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Grandpa.
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Grandpa.
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Say that with me.
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Grandpa.
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This is my father-in-law, Glenn,
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and he's my son Stoney's grandpa,
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and he happens to be an awesome grandpa,
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because this is what an awesome grandpa looks like.
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Glenn is my father-in-law, but first,
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your grandma and grandpa together are grandparents.
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Grandparents.
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You can drop the D and make either an N or an M.
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Grandparents.
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Grandparents.
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Say that with me.
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Grandparents.
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This is my father-in-law, Glenn.
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Father-in-law.
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The in-law.
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Part happens when you get married.
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He's not my dad, he's my husband's dad.
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So he's my father-in-law.
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Remember how I said we almost never use the word father in conversational English?
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That's true.
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But with the in-law, we always use it.
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We don't say dad-in-law.
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So in an in-law phrase,
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it's never the in-law that's stressed.
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That's always unstressed.
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It's the other word that's stressed.
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Father-in-law, fa, father-in-law, mother-in-law, sister-in-law, brother-in-law.
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The one exception is if you just say in-laws.
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You don't put father, mother,
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sister, or brother in front.
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When you say in-laws, you stress the first word in.
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And in this case, it means your spouse's parents.
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In-laws.
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My in-laws are coming next weekend.
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Say that with me.
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In-laws.
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Father-in-law.
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Mother-in-law.
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Sister-in-law.
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Brother-in-law.
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Now just a bit ago,
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I mentioned the word spouse.
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One syllable word, this is the person that you're married to.
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Practice that with me.
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Spouse.
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Spouse.
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This is my mother-in-law, Annabelle.
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Mother-in-law.
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Stress on muh.
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Mother-in-law.
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This is my mother-in-law, Annabelle.
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This is my oldest sister, Audrey.
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Now here, David said oldest sister.
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He has three sisters.
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They're all older than him,
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and Audrey is the oldest.
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He could have also just said older sister.
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Older, oldest, younger, youngest.
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A couple of things to note about these pronunciations.
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Oldest sister.
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Oldest sister.
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David dropped the T in oldest.
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He just pronounced it oldest sister,
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connecting with an S sound.
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Listen again.
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My oldest sister, my oldest sister, my oldest sister.
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We often drop the T between two other consonants.
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The same would also be true for oldest brother.
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We could just drop the T there because it's between two consonants.
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Oldest brother.
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These are very natural and common pronunciations of these phrases.
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The same would be true in youngest sister and youngest brother.
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You can drop the T there.
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Youngest sister, youngest brother.
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One thing I think is interesting about the word young.
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The word on its own is pronounced with an NG ending.
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Young, mmm, no G sound.
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But when you add ER or EST,
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younger, youngest, gg, gg, We do say the G.
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Younger.
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G-g-g.
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Youngest.
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Youngest.
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G-g-g.
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What about brother?
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This is my brother Ian.
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Two syllables stress on the first syllable.
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Brother.
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Brother.
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Same ending as sister.
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Mother.
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Father.
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All of these THE are endings.
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These are tricky.
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This one has a voiced TH right in the middle,
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and I know that can be a challenging sound.
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It's just the very tip that comes through.
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Th-th-th- Light.
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Don't hold the air anywhere.
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Th-th-th- Brother-ther Mother-ther Brother.
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Mother.
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This is my brother Ian.
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I'm Stoney's uncle because I'm married to David's sister.
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Okay, maybe it would be useful now to look at a family tree.
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Leon is Stoney's uncle because Leon married Audrey,
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who is the daughter of Glenn and Annabelle,
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and David is the son of Glenn and Annabelle,
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and Stoney is the son of David.
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Therefore, Leon is Stoney's uncle.
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Uncle.
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We have the letter N,
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but it's actually the NG sound because it's followed by K.
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Unnnnnnnnnn.
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Uncle.
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NG sound.
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Uncle.
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A quick dark L at the end.
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Uncle.
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Oh, oh, oh.
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You don't need to lift your tongue tip,
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just make the sound with the back of the tongue.
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Oh, oh, oh.
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Very short.
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Uncle.
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Uncle.
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The word uncle can be used idiomatically to mean I give up.
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For example, if I was wrestling you and I had you pinned to the ground,
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you might say uncle, which is I give up,
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you won, get off of me.
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Uncle.
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I'm Stoney's uncle as well.
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And what's your relationship to each other?
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We're brother-in-laws.
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Steve is Stoney's uncle, because Steve married Lisa,
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who is the daughter of Glenn and Annabelle,
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and David is also a child of Glenn and Annabelle.
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Steve is Stoney's uncle.
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Steve and Leon are brothers-in-law.
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They're in the same line here,
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but they are not biological siblings.
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And what's your relationship to each other?
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We're brother-in-laws.
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This is our aunt.
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Don't I have a great family?
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Aw, that was a bunch of kids from this level.
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Anyone from this level referring to a female on this level is going to call that person an aunt,
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unless, of course, it's the mother.
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So I'm over here, and those kids were all from here.
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So I'm their aunt.
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You may have noticed they used the pronunciation ant and I used the pronunciation aunt.
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Aunt is more common and it's pronounced just like this word,
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aunt, even though the spelling is different.
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Aunt or aunt.
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Practice these with me.
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Aunt.
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Aunt.
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This is our aunt!
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Don't I have a great family?
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We are cousins.
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Cousins.
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So anyone who is the child of your aunt or uncle is a cousin.
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So everyone in this level relates to each other as cousins.
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Not up and down, but side to side.
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Up and down is called siblings,
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and we'll get to that in a minute.
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Cousins.
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Just like husband, the letter S is the Z sound here.
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Cous-s-s.
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Cousin.
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Practice that with me.
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Cousin.
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Cousin.
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We are cousins!
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This is my nephew, Jacob.
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He's my husband's sister's son.
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Nephew.
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Two syllables stressed on the first syllable.
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PH makes the F sound just like in the word phone or pharmacy.
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Say it with me.
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Nephew.
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Nephew.
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This is my nephew Jacob.
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He's my husband's sister's son.
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These are my nieces.
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Is.
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Niece.
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One syllable, E vowel, ending S sound.
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In the plural, nieces.
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The S adds not just a sound, but a second syllable.
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Nieces.
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Is, is, is, is.
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Words that end in the S sound get an extra syllable in plural.
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To see all of the plural noun rules, check out this video.
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And I'll put a link to it in the description as well.
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Practice these with me.
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Niece.
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Nieces.
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These are my nieces.
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We are siblings.
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People who have the same parents or even one same parent are siblings.
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Audrey, Lisa, Christina, and David all have the same parents.
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They are siblings.
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This set would also be siblings.
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This set would be siblings,
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and this set would be siblings.
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Poor Stoney has no siblings.
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Sibling.
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This is a two-syllable word with stress on the first syllable.
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Sibling.
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The B releases right into the L.
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Bl, bl, bl.
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Sib-l, sibl, sibling.
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Sibling.
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We are siblings.
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This is my grandson, Jacob, and my granddaughter, Emily.
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Grandson and granddaughter.
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For grandson, drop that D.
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Gran, grandson, grandson.
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Try that with me.
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Grandson.
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For granddaughter, well, we need it because it's part of the word daughter.
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Granddaughter.
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Granddaughter.
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Stress is on the first syllable.
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Try that with me.
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Granddaughter.
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Grandson.
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Granddaughter.
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This is my grandson, Jacob, and my granddaughter, Emily.
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This is my boyfriend.
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This is my girlfriend.
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How cute are they?
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When you're dating someone, you can call them your boyfriend or girlfriend.
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Both two-syllable words with stress on the first syllable.
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Try them with me.
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Boyfriend.
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Girlfriend.
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Boyfriend.
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Girlfriend.
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This is my boyfriend.
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This is my girlfriend.
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A couple more terms.
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If someone's sperm or egg makes a baby,
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that is their biological child.
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Biological.
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Someone can also adopt a child that's not biologically theirs.
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If someone has children alone or with one partner,
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and then gets married to someone else later,
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that person's children are now the stepchildren of the new partner.
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And that new partner is a stepmom or stepdad.
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Notice in these compound words,
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the word step is stressed.
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Notice also we do not release the P.
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Stepmom.
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Stepmom.
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The lips close for the P,
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but then just keep going with the next sound.
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Step-mom.
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Step-mom.
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Step-dad.
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Step-daughter.
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Step-son.
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Step-brother.
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Step-sister.
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A companion podcast will be released tomorrow that goes over more about family relationships and some more family idioms.
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This is the Learn English podcast with me.
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Click here to get it,
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or go to iTunes or Stitcher and search Rachel's English.
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Link's also in the description below.
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Check it out, I think you're going to love it.
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If you want to see my absolute latest video, click here.
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If you're new, click here for a Where to Start playlist.
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Click here to subscribe.
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I make new videos on American English every Tuesday.
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To be sure we can keep in touch,
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click here to sign up for my newsletter.
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You'll get free English lessons sent to your inbox every week.
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인기 동영상
맥락 및 배경
이번 비디오에서는 미국 영어에서 가족 관계를 다루고 있습니다. 화자는 가족 여행 중 가족을 카메라 앞에 세우고, 친밀한 관계를 설명하는 데 사용하는 영어 단어들을 알려줍니다. 이 과정에서 발음의 중요성에 대해서도 강조하며, 일상 대화에서 가장 많이 사용되는 가족과 관련된 표현을 배우도록 돕습니다. 청취자들은 화자의 가족을 보면서 유용한 어휘를 익히고, 실제 대화에 어떻게 적용되는지를 체험할 수 있습니다.
일상 대화를 위한 5가지 주요 표현
- Son (아들): 화자는 자신의 아들 이름을 언급하며 'son'이라는 단어의 발음을 설명합니다.
- Dad (아버지): 'dad'라는 단어는 비공식적인 상황에서 아버지를 지칭할 때 가장 일반적으로 사용됩니다.
- Mom (어머니): 'mom'이라는 표현은 친근하게 어머니를 부르는 방식입니다.
- Father (아버지): 공식적인 상황에서 사용되지만, 비유적으로 다른 의미로도 사용될 수 있습니다.
- Family (가족): 모든 관계를 포괄하는 중요한 단어입니다.
단계별 섀도우잉 가이드
이 비디오의 내용은 가족과 관련된 어휘와 발음을 집중적으로 다룹니다. shadowspeak에 대한 접근은 다음과 같이 진행할 수 있습니다:
- 비디오 시청: 처음에는 단순히 비디오를 보며 내용을 이해하세요. 관계를 설명하는 방식과 사용되는 어휘에 주의하세요.
- 발음 연습: 각 단어의 발음을 들은 후, 직접 소리 내어 따라 해보세요. shadow speak의 원리를 적용하여 톤과 억양을 연습하는 것이 중요합니다.
- 반복 청취: 같은 문장을 여러 번 듣고 발음하기를 반복하세요. 특히 'son'과 'dad' 같은 단어는 발음의 유사성을 주의 깊게 살펴보세요.
- 엄마와 아버지 표현 연습: 'mom'과 'dad'를 사용하는 상황을 설정하여 자연스럽게 대화해보는 연습을 합니다.
- 일상 대화 시도: 배운 단어를 활용하여 일상에서 가족과의 대화나 자기소개에 통합해보세요. IELTS 스피킹에서 유사한 질문에 답할 준비를 할 수 있습니다.
이 과정을 통해 비디오의 내용을 효과적으로 이해하고 사용하게 되며, 영어 회화 실력을 향상하는 데 큰 도움이 될 것입니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.
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