쉐도잉 연습: how to do critical literary analysis | English made simple - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

연습 모드 선택

각 모드는 전체 화면 연습실로 열립니다.

113 문장

문장이 너무 짧거나 길면 Edit를 눌러 조정하세요.

We study poems, plays, and books in English class, but strangely if you really think about it, we never actually learn how to analyze literature.

Rather, we were expected to pick it up along the way.

This, however, is unfortunately easier said than done, and as a result, we're just left with the too vague

or go deeper comments on our essays without actually knowing how to improve.

Today we're going to change that.

Here is my five -step critical literary analysis guide

that I developed over the course of my high school career

that got me an A -star in IGCSE English and A7 in IB English HL.

It honestly made my life so much easier

because it meant I could spend the minimum amount of time worrying about English exams

and spend more time on things like my university applications.

If you want to improve your English grades, watch this.

There is just one thing you need for this critical literary analysis framework, your text.

The steps will be simple, but you have to follow them exactly.

They're also all linked together with the fifth step being the most important

because that's what's actually going to make your analysis precise and deep.

In order to demonstrate these steps in real time, I'll be using one of my favorite poems, A .E.

Hausmann's Because I Loved You Better, as an example.

But this method works on both a large scale, so on a whole poem or a book, and small scale, so on individual sentences and quotes.

If you want to know how you can use this method to analyze a full book,

make sure to check it out on my free Patreon linked down below.

Step one, summarize what is actually happening.

The first step is to summarize exactly what is happening.

Don't worry about literary meaning or devices or anything like that at this stage.

Focus on just the plot, as if you're trying to give a factual report.

And this doesn't have to be very long either, you just have to make sure that you understand fully the sequence of events.

If you want to, you can write this out to practice the first few times, but afterwards you can just do it in your head.

For example, the poem that we're going to discuss, Because I'd Like To Better, tells the story of a man,

our speaker, who has just confessed to his lover that he likes them, probably more than a man should, in his words.

Basically, he's confessed that his feelings are stronger than he would like to admit to himself.

Unfortunately, the other person does not reciprocate his feelings and has asked our speaker to forget him entirely, which our speaker promises to do.

In the third stanza, the scene cuts to a tomb.

It is of our speaker.

He has died trying to keep his promise, and he asks his lover to stop by his headstone

and know that he has died trying to keep his word to him.

Step two, generalize it to a wider human experience.

Right now, what is happening in this work is limited to our speaker.

So why are we affected by it?

Why do we care about the fiction at all when they are all stories about other people?

But because they talk about the general human condition, experiences the majority of us will go through at least once in our life.

That's why we relate to fiction, to songs, to movies, and so on.

So once you've established the plotline of the work, it's time to extrapolate from it the general human condition that it is describing.

In the case of our poem, for example, it talks about three main universal experiences.

First, loving somebody, having a crush, but then having your feelings rejected by the other person.

A devastating experience for everybody.

Sometimes it hurts so much that it feels like you're dying.

Second, still loving your crush, for lack of a better term, even after the rejection.

In this poem, for instance, the speaker still feels very much in love with this you figure, even after his metaphorical death.

And third, and this is a slightly more nuanced experience, but feeling like you ought not to love someone, not being able to help it,

but also not being able to quite admit it even to yourself.

That is why perhaps the speaker says that he likes his lover, even though his actions clearly point to a deep love for this other person.

And if you know the authorial and historical context of this poem,

you'll understand why the poet and the speaker is not in a position where he can freely admit to his feelings,

and he probably also has a layer of internalized homophobia

that is stopping himself from being able to accept it even to himself.

If you're interested for more on this check out my free Patreon where I explain more on this poem as well.

Step three, name the emotions.

Next we have to describe what we're actually feeling from this work.

I know this slightly sounds like some strange group therapy session

but one key part of literary analysis is being able to explicitly describe exactly what this is making us feel.

That is also why reading makes us more emotionally mature people

because we're able to exactly understand and name what we were feeling.

So first, put an emotion to the work.

For instance, in Because I Like You Better, the big feeling here is sadness.

Step four, be a bit more specific.

As you can probably tell though, sadness alone is not nearly satisfactory enough to describe all of the nuanced feelings going on in this poem.

And there is definitely more than one feeling going on here too.

So the next step is to be more specific with the emotions and how we describe these emotions.

Let's apply this back to our case study, our poem.

We know that the speaker feels sad, but he's also feeling many smaller emotions under this sadness umbrella.

So essentially we're trying to splice this larger emotion into all of its smaller and more intricate parts.

First we have his resigned acceptance that his lover does not love him back.

Next we have the speaker's yearning and a deep love for his lover, hoping that his lover will still remember him even after his metaphorical death.

There's also a degree of self -blame.

This is why as we mentioned before he uses like instead of love

and why he says all this was because he liked his lover.

Blaming his own emotions and affection for this other person for all of the sadness and not the other person.

We can also see that the speaker is feeling ignored because his emotions, which for him was life -endingly deep,

was nothing but annoying or irksome to his lover.

That is why he uses the word irksome.

There's also the sense of not belonging because his feelings, which are natural and uncontrollable as we all know, are not accepted by society.

Hence why he says that his feelings are more than suits a man to say.

Presumably because society has historically told men that they have to be stoic and restrained in their emotions.

Step 5.

Why this?

And this is the key difference between a B and an A star answer.

Finally, we have the most important step.

This is the one step that everyone misses in their literary analysis, and why your analysis might sound vague or not deep enough.

The last step is to explain exactly why the author chose these words to express themselves,

and all of these smaller emotions that we were able to identify in our previous step.

For example, for this poem, let's say that you want to analyze the quote, throw the thought away.

A B -level answer, or a 5 -6 level answer if you're doing the IB, might say the poet uses the metaphor to say

that the speaker will throw the thought away to show how much he wanted to get rid of his thoughts.

However, that analysis is still just explaining the plot of what is happening in those words, that the speaker wants to throw away the thought.

It does not explain why Hausman chose the verbs throw or the word thought.

We have to fully explain this if we were to make it a top -level answer.

For example, we might analyze the word throw like this.

The speaker promises to throw his thought away as though it were nothing more than an irksome piece of trash

and not as devastatingly deep feelings for his lover.

100

So linking the word throwaway, which is commonly used for trash,

101

and how much the speaker of the poem is feeling like his emotions are literally being treated like trash.

102

Likewise, we might analyze Hausmann's specific choice of the word thought like this.

103

Furthermore, Hausmann describes the speaker's uncontrollable feelings and emotions as a thought, as though it was a conscious thing the speaker could control,

104

and therefore just stop thinking about.

105

Pay close attention to the difference between the first answer,

106

which only explains the effects of the word and the plot of what is happening in that line, and the other two answers,

107

which specifically comments on why these words were intentionally chosen by Hausmann and the effect that those words have on the reader.

108

So this is the simple five -step guide to critical literary analysis.

109

As you can see, the steps themselves are extremely simple, but it can be tricky to execute them accurately.

110

But actually being able to follow them explicitly is the difference between a vague and a deep understanding of the literary text.

111

And that is why I've posted another full example analysis, this time for a whole book, Margaret Atwood's The Handmaid's Tale, for free on my Patreon,

112

where as you know I post all of my study resources for free.

113

Thank you so much for watching and bye!

앱 다운로드

유창하게 말하는 데 필요한 모든 것

AI 발음 평가문장마다 점수 확인

IPA 발음 연습모든 소리 마스터

단어 학습나만의 단어장 만들기

단어 게임놀면서 외우기

QR 스캔

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

같은 채널

how to make notes like an Oxford student | learn everything

Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students

FOR YOU

이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트

이 말하기 레슨은 영상 “how to do critical literary analysis”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: step, feeling, speaker, emotion, poem. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 113개와 단어 1684개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 7:39입니다. 화자는 분당 약 220단어로 빠르게 말하므로 연음과 약하게 발음되는 소리가 많습니다. 단어의 87%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속해 어휘가 쉬운 편입니다.

이 영상의 핵심 어휘

영상에 나오는 익혀 둘 만한 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.

단어	발음	뜻
poem 명사	/ˈpoʊ.əm/	시, 시가
emotion 명사	/ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/	감정
lover 명사	/ˈlʌvɚ/	연인, 련인
literary 형용사	/ˈlɪt.(ə.)ɹə.ɹi/	문학의
analyze 동사	/ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/	분석하다
sadness 명사	/ˈsædnəs/	슬픔
trash 명사	/tɹæʃ/	쓰레기, 오물
fiction 명사	/ˈfɪkʃən/	소설, 픽션
poet 명사	/ˈpoʊ.ət/	시인
crush 동사	/kɹʌʃ/	누르다
universal 형용사	/ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/	우주(宇宙)의, 우주적
ignore 동사	/ɪɡˈnɔː/	무시하다
layer 명사	/ˈleɪ̯ɚ/	층
resource 명사	/ɹɪˈzɔːs/	자원
belong 동사	/bɪˈlɒŋ/	속하다

영상에 나오는 구동사

단어	뜻
throw away 동사	버리다

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형	영상 속 표현
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때	has just confessed · has asked · you've established
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점	were expected · are not accepted · being treated
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보	feelings, which are · throwaway, which is

주의할 발음

화자는 we're, you're, doesn't 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 18번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.

“sh”와 “zh” 소리: emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, trash /tɹæʃ/, fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, crush /kɹʌʃ/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/
긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: literary /ˈlɪt.(ə.)ɹə.ɹi/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/, presumably /pɹɪˈzuːməbli/

한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:

/f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: fiction /ˈfɪkʃən/, confess /kənˈfɛs/, afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/, framework /ˈfɹeɪm.wɜːk/, furthermore /ˈfɜː(ɹ).ðə(ɹ)ˌmɔː(ɹ)/
/v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: lover /ˈlʌvɚ/, vague /veɪɡ/, universal /ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/, verb /vɝb/, devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/
/z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: analyze /ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/, afterwards /ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/, resource /ɹɪˈzɔːs/, exam /ɪɡˈzæm/, presumably /pɹɪˈzuːməbli/

이 영상으로 연습하는 방법

먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, poem, emotion, lover 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →

쉐도잉 연습: how to do critical literary analysis | English made simple - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

연습 모드 선택

앱 다운로드

같은 채널

how to make notes like an Oxford student | learn everything

추천 영상

how to study less and get higher grades

What is Literary Criticism

Why You Can't Understand English Movies (And How to Fix It)

How to Improve writing

Shakespeare's Sonnet 18: Explanation and Analysis

Why You Should Read Every Day! 📚 #EnglishLearning #shorts

How to Create a Character with Samuel L. Jackson | Discover MasterClass | MasterClass

How to Think in English (Stop Translating in Your Head)

Be a Topper in Everything 🔥 || Learn English Through Motivation 🔥 || Level 3 English ✅

English shadowing | Learning from Criticism | Level A2 | How to improve English

How to Tell a Story in English - Using Past Tense

Things to Know Before Reading Pride and Prejudice | How to Read Jane Austen for Beginners