쉐도잉 연습: Sir Humphrey throws Sir Frank under the bus | Yes Prime Minister - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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90 문장
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1
Prime Minister, I am not the Permanent Secretary to the Treasury.
2
You must ask Sir Frank.
3
What would Sir Frank say?
4
It is not for a humble mortal such as I to speculate on the complex and elevated deliberations of the mighty.
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But in general, I think Sir Frank believes that if the Treasury knows that something has to be done, the Cabinet shouldn't have too much time to think about it.
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But that's an outrageous view.
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Yes, indeed.
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It's known as Treasury policy.
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I suppose the Cabinet has questions.
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Well, I think Sir Frank's view is that on the rare occasions when the Treasury understands the questions, the Cabinet doesn't understand the answers.
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What does Frank think he is?
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At least old Humpery knows his place.
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I must say, it was very loyal of him to tell me the truth about Frank like that.
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They usually all stick together, don't they?
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I think Sir Humpery's rather anxious
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because of your recent threat to make Sir Frank head of the Home Civil Service instead of him.
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Come on.
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I wonder if I should do something about that.
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or if there isn't something to be gained out of keeping them both in suspense.
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Well, Prime Minister, you gain an anxious Cabinet Secretary.
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Is that what you want?
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It wasn't just that he was unhappy about the cuts, Frank.
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He was also very unhappy about your papers arriving at such short notice.
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I hope you explained it was because of America's sudden change of policy over interest rates.
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My dear Frank, I defended you gallantly.
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Leaving the Prime Minister in no doubt as to the real cause of the rush.
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Oh, good.
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Thanks.
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Humphrey, perhaps it would be better if the proposal came from both of us?
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Both of us?
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Well, we are effectively joint heads of the Civil Service.
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Not as I understand it, Frank.
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Oh, I think so, effectively.
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I think not effectively.
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Oh, yes.
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I look after the financial side and you look after the establishment side.
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But, Frank, with respect, the Cabinet Secretary is the de jure head of the Civil Service.
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With respect, Humphrey, the cabinet secretary and the permanent secretary to the Treasury are de facto joint heads of the civil service.
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Be that as it may, Frank, we can't put up the proposal together.
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I must remain aloof and judicial.
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Now you must make the running, and after weighty consideration, I will finally come down on your side.
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Mr. Prime Minister, it is not for me to speak for Sir Frank.
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I'm asking you to speak for yourself.
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You're Cabinet Secretary, you're also Head of the Civil Service.
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Am I indeed?
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How gratifying.
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For the moment.
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Prime Minister, as Cabinet Secretary, I'm of course most eager to reduce public spending, but as Head of the Civil Service, I'm responsible for the very real dangers which will arise administratively
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if a pay rise does not come through very soon very soon.
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It's so difficult for me, you see, as I'm wearing two hats.
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Yes, isn't that rather awkward for you?
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Not if one is in two minds.
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At a time of national stringency, it is neither wise nor in the national interest.
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I don't like to criticise my colleague, but in my view, Sir Frank, though no doubt acting from the best of motives,
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should have placed the good of the nation before the narrower sectional interest of civil servants.
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You see, this claim raises serious questions.
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Should I talk to Frank about this too?
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Erm, no, no, Arnold.
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Leave it to me.
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Not at the moment.
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Frank's got a lot of problems coming up.
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Really?
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He hasn't mentioned them.
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Probably because he doesn't know about them.
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What do you think, Albrecht?
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Well, it's not for me to say, Prime Minister.
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I have a vested interest.
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And Sir Frank is in charge of civil service pay, aren't you, Frank?
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Civil servants have to decide how to carry it out.
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Like a secretary, deciding how to lay out a letter.
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Yes.
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No, um...
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I think Sir Humphrey knows what I mean.
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Well, it's up to you, Frank.
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You're in charge of civil service pay.
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We'd never recruit.
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I mean, morale would plummet.
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Plummet!
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I'm sure Sir Humphrey would agree.
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Humphrey?
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Well, it's my opinion that Sir Frank is in charge of civil service.
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And I do think that the Prime Minister is entitled to an answer, Frank.
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They could choose whether to renounce their honour or whether to renounce their pension indexing.
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What do you think, Sir Humphrey?
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Or will you be Mr Appleby?
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I'm sure that Sir Frank has gone into this very thoroughly thoroughly.
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No, not thoroughly enough.
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You know, I'd felt all along, at a time of stringency, that the Treasury claim was too high, not in the nation's interest, very nice for civil servants,
89
of course, but not something that the Cabinet Secretary, with his higher loyalty, could recommend.
90
And that is why we don't let the Permanent Secretary to the Treasury become head of the civil service.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 B2 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “Sir Humphrey throws Sir Frank under the bus”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: Frank, Sir, civil, secretary, cabinet. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 90개와 단어 845개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 4:57입니다. 화자는 분당 약 171단어로, 일상 대화에 가까운 자연스러운 속도로 말합니다. 단어의 84%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요. 전체 90문장 중 15문장이 질문이어서 의문문 억양과 짧은 대답을 연습하기에 좋습니다.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 12개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| servant 명사 | /ˈsɝvənt/ | 하인, 머슴 |
| morale 명사 | /məˈɹɑːl/ | 사기 |
| vest 명사 | /vɛst/ | 조끼 |
| recruit 동사 | /ɹɪˈkɹut/ | 모집하다 |
| arise 동사 | /əˈɹaɪz/ | 일어나다 |
| motive 명사 | /ˈmoʊtɪv/ | 동기 |
| colleague 명사 | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | 동료, 동업자 |
| mighty 형용사 | /ˈmaɪti/ | 힘센 |
| humble 형용사 | /ˈhʌmbəl/ | 겸손한, 경멸한 |
| judicial 형용사 | /d͡ʒuˈdɪʃəl/ | 사법의 |
| loyalty 명사 | /ˈlɔɪəlti/ | 충실, 충성 |
| loyal 형용사 | /ˈlɔɪəl/ | 충실하다, 충성하다 |
영상에 나오는 구동사
| 단어 | 뜻 |
|---|---|
| come up 동사 | 올라오다 |
따라 말해 볼 만한 문장
영상에 나오는 짧고 완결된 문장으로, 일상 대화에서 그대로 쓸 수 있습니다:
- They usually all stick together, don't they?
- Is that what you want?
- I'm asking you to speak for yourself.
- Yes, isn't that rather awkward for you?
- You're in charge of civil service pay.
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | be done · be gained · is entitled |
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | hasn't mentioned · has gone |
주의할 발음
화자는 I'm, don't, you're 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 23번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/, deliberation /dɪˌlɪbəˈɹeɪʃən/, sectional /ˈsɛkʃənəl/, judicial /d͡ʒuˈdɪʃəl/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: administratively /ədˈmɪnɪstɹətɪvli/, deliberation /dɪˌlɪbəˈɹeɪʃən/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: servant /ˈsɝvənt/, administratively /ədˈmɪnɪstɹətɪvli/, elevate /ˈɛləveɪt/, vest /vɛst/, motive /ˈmoʊtɪv/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: criticize /ˈkɹɪtɪsaɪz/, arise /əˈɹaɪz/
- /r/과 /l/ 구별하기: thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/, administratively /ədˈmɪnɪstɹətɪvli/, deliberation /dɪˌlɪbəˈɹeɪʃən/, morale /məˈɹɑːl/, mortal /ˈmɔɹ.təl/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 0.75배속으로 한 문장씩 섀도잉을 시작하고, 익숙해지면 보통 속도로 돌아갑니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, servant, morale, vest 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.