쉐도잉 연습: What is Urban Planning? - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
레슨 만드는 중...
1
What is urban planning?
2
That's a simple question, but it has a complicated answer.
3
The word plan is fairly common in the English language.
4
If you ask somebody about their plans for the weekend, for instance, you can expect an answer in reply, even if that person you asked hadn't planned a response.
5
A different kind of planning, frequently discussed in the news and government, is a lot harder to describe.
6
You've probably heard some
7
or all of these terms used before urban planning community planning
8
city planning regional planning there are also climate action plans capital investment plans transportation plans
9
and strategic plans there are
10
so many kinds of plans it can be hard to tell them apart it gets even more confusing
11
when engineers architects or politicians not planners are making some of those plans it's okay
12
if your understanding of planning drops off somewhere between weekend plans
13
and urban plans I'm here to help
14
so what is urban planning there is a specific professional field
15
known as planning you can get a degree in planning
16
and they get hired to a job as a planner planners can get professionally certified
17
and earn a graduate degree in planning professional planners spend their days writing
18
and implementing plans so let's say
19
that one of the definitions of planning is work done by planners but that's obviously a bit too simplistic
20
All of these varieties of planning have one thing in common, preparing for the future.
21
Other professions do it too, but preparing for the future is the primary motivation of urban planners.
22
How will people get around in the future?
23
Where will people live and work in the future?
24
How will all of the systems required to support those people, electrical grids, sewers, and the water supply, fit into the city?
25
These are all questions that planners are working to answer using tools and policies specific to the field of planning.
26
The numerous considerations raised by those questions again reintroduce the possibility of architects, engineers, and politicians doing some of the planning.
27
So where does urban planning fit in all these different kinds of planning?
28
The complexity of planning for the future creates a need for an intermediary between different communities and related professional fields,
29
and their fundamental intersectionality is one of the ways that urban planners distinguish themselves from these other professions.
30
You'll often hear planners say that they are professional generalists or that they wear many hats.
31
Planners are like a Swiss army knife in the city building process, which is another reason planners are sometimes confused with engineers, architects, or politicians.
32
Given their flexibility, another one of the most important roles for planners is engaging with the public.
33
Planning for the future in today's complex world means addressing the hopes and ambitions of a diverse collection of humans,
34
workers of all varieties, residents who live in all sorts of homes and in all kinds of household arrangements, and communities and cultures originating from all over the world.
35
Planners are the first to gather feedback from the public to inform a comprehensive vision of the future.
36
The next step in the planning process is synthesizing all
37
that information and communicating a vision of the future for approval by a governing body, like a city council or a county board of supervisors.
38
The approval process can be intensely political, so planning is also fundamentally political.
39
In many cities, planners will also manage the implementation of that approved vision by enforcing the legal tools of planning, usually known as zoning codes.
40
There is a clear distinction between the process of planning for a city's future and the process of implementing that vision,
41
but planners will be involved in both to ensure the city evolves as planned.
42
Another way to understand planning is by studying the way the field has changed throughout history
43
and how that evolution is reflected in the world of today.
44
A few men from history had the opportunity to plan cities from scratch, like Pierre -Charles L 'Enfant in Washington DC,
45
Daniel Burnham in Chicago, or George Eugene Hausman in Paris.
46
Other very powerful men from the 20th century, like Robert Moses and Le Corbusier, transformed entire neighborhoods and cities to fit their preferred model.
47
And yes, in the past it was mostly men doing the planning.
48
After zoning codes gained popularity in the early 20th century, planners began to focus almost entirely on land use,
49
and planning began to mean the process of deciding where to locate residential office retail
50
and industrial uses in new
51
and existing cities the desire to separate residential uses from noxious
52
industrial uses enabled by the mass production of the automobile
53
and a massive government program to build interstate highways represents a significant step toward creating the mostly suburban
54
and sprawling country we live in today in the 21st century planning is much more grassroots
55
and orientation inspired by the writings of jane Jacobs,
56
among others, and enshrined in legal and political tools designed to protect the interests and values of local residents, businesses, and communities.
57
the term urban planning rather than city planning has become more
58
popular as the public has taken a renewed interest in cities
59
and as the environmental
60
and economic consequences of the 20th century model of planning have
61
become apparent to this day numerous debates contest the future of urban planning
62
and planning continues to evolve as a result big questions will
63
determine the kinds of values embedded in contemporary plans like how to address climate change and housing affordability,
64
how to overcome a long history of racist and discriminatory regulatory practices, and how much planners should regulate the form of buildings, not just the use of land.
65
The answers to those questions will shape the world of the mid - and long -term future.
66
So what are your plans?
✨ 추천 영상
B24
172 문장
Urban Designer Answers City Planning Questions From Twitter | Tech Support | WIRED
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
60 문장
What is Capacity Planning in Operations Management
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2155 문장
80% of Interior Design Basics in 10 minutes
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
468 문장
How To Plan Your Life For Success & Handle Change P1: Dr. Myles Munroe's Strategy | MunroeGlobal.com
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
115 문장
Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 10 URBAN PLANNING 21st century
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
261 문장
Your Life as Every Industrial Engineer Rank
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
297 문장
How This Famous Architect Changed America | Architectural Digest
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
43 문장
What is an Organization? - the Nature of Organizations
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
63 문장
What does an Architect Do?
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
50 문장
10 Project Manager Interview Questions & Answers That’ll Land You the Job!
Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students
C11
134 문장
Passage Planning: The Four Stages of Voyage Planning Explained
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
113 문장
How Life Will Look Like In 2050
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
이 클립의 말하기 목표
이 비디오는 복잡한 주제를 명확히 설명하는 능력을 키우는 데 도움을 줍니다. "도시 계획"과 같은 전문 용어를 일상적인 말로 풀어내고, 다양한 관점을 연결하는 표현을 연습할 수 있어 IELTS 스피킹과 같은 고급 말하기 평가에 유용합니다. 특히, 추상적인 개념을具體的한 예시로 설명하는 방법과 논리적인 흐름을 유지하는 기술을 향상시킵니다.
표현 모음
- "professional generalists" (전문적인 만능가)
- "wear many hats" (여러 가지 역할을 맡다)
- "Swiss Army Knife" (스위스 군용 칼처럼 다용도로 사용되는 존재)
- "synthesize all that information" (모든 정보를 종합하다)
- "comprehensive vision" (종합적인 비전)
이 표현들은 특히 전문적인 주제를 논할 때 자주 사용되며, shadow speech 연습에 적합합니다. 반복해서 말해보며 자연스럽게 사용할 수 있도록 익히세요.
약점을 보완하세요
이 비디오는 긴 문장의 리듬과 강세를 연습하는 데 좋습니다. "Planning for the future in today's complex world means addressing the hopes and ambitions of a diverse collection of humans"와 같은 문장은 여러 절이 연결되어 있기 때문에, 발음을 빨리 하지 않고 자연스럽게 쉼표를 구분하는 것이 중요합니다. 영어 발음 교정을 원한다면, shadow speak 기법을 사용해 화자의 말을 따라하세요. 화자의 톤과 강세를 정확히 모방하면서, 문장의 흐름을 익히는 것이 키입니다. 또한, "intersectionality"나 "synthesizing"과 같은 어려운 단어의 발음도 주의깊게 듣고 반복해보세요.
이 비디오를 활용한 영상 영어 공부는 단순히 단어를 외우는 것 이상으로, 실제 의사소통에서 필요한 표현과 리듬을 익히는 데 도움을 줍니다. 꾸준히 연습한다면, 복잡한 주제도 자연스럽게 설명할 수 있는 능력이 향상될 것입니다.
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | You've probably heard · has changed · has become |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | will be involved · is reflected |
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.