Shadowing Practice: Creator of C# and TypeScript: "AI will NEVER Replace Coders, Here's Why" | Anders Hejlsberg - Learn English Speaking with Video

Will AI replace software engineers?

I am highly skeptical.

Who's going to make the AI?

AI is not going to innovate.

Someone has to design the CPU, the operating system.

AI is not going to do that.

What are your opinions on vibe coding?

That doesn't really bring a lot to the table anyway.

That code has to come from somewhere.

It's not all going to be generated by AI.

When people are learning to code, what are some common mistakes you see people make?

Not spending enough time.

How this industry makes progress.

What was the story of you creating C Sharp?

Well the story probably starts like with my Today I'm sitting down with Anders Halsberg, a technical fellow at Microsoft, to talk about the future of coding and AI.

If you're in computer science or are a tech beginner, you need to pay attention.

Because Anders is not just a tech leader, but he is the literal creator of programming languages C sharp and TypeScript.

And so when he talks about AI and coding, he is speaking from decades worth of experience.

And he dispels a lot of the lies and nonsense people have been spewing about AI.

Plus, if you want to succeed and actually get ahead of most developers, he shares some crazy behind-the-scenes stories from building C Sharp and TypeScript,

and I am confident that will change the way you think about coding projects going into the future.

So a lot of value to unpack in this video, and let's get to it right away.

In the world of AI that we live in today, a lot of people are even questioning, is it worth learning how to code?

Oh, I absolutely think it's worth learning how to code.

Programming languages and code is how AI expresses itself.

And there's a whole different world from AI below

that has to exist that AI assumes the existence of in the code that it generates.

That code has to come from somewhere.

It's not all going to be generated by AI.

What are your opinions on Vibe coding is going to replace coders?

I am highly skeptical.

For a lot of stuff that is rote, how many times can you write this to-do list app?

AI in its training set has seen it a gazillion times, so it can riff over that.

And it can actually get more and more creative now.

But when it comes down to business logic or you've got to invent something, that's how this industry makes progress, right?

That's not going to come from AI.

True, true.

Like understanding the fundamentals.

Yesterday, I got the opportunity to have a quick chat with Satya.

I had asked him beginner level skills people need to know when they're getting into tech.

He mentioned understanding the architecture.

That's something AI can help you generate the code, but it won't do the fundamental design, which comes from the human mind.

And you designed languages such as C-sharp and TypeScript, and were very cognizant what problems you were trying to solve.

Rewinding the clock a little bit, what was the story of you creating C Sharp?

Well, the story probably starts like with my previous endeavor there at a company called Borland, where I wrote Turbo Pascal and then worked also as the architect of a product called Delphi.

This was all about making programmers more productive, rapid application development, and we competed with Microsoft's marquee product, Visual Basic.

Right.

And, you know, if you can't beat them, join them.

So I joined Microsoft in 96.

There was this thing called Visual Basic that was super easy to write apps in.

And then there was this thing called C++ that is where all the expressiveness and performance was available.

And people really wanted a little bit of both.

And so we set out to create that sort of best of both worlds, the best of both worlds, you know, something that gave you the power and expressiveness of C++,

but with the ease of use of Visual Basic.

With a bunch of modern infrastructure behind it, called .NET.

Are there any examples of features of the language that did both so you could explain to us?

Things like properties and events.

There were object-oriented programming languages already, but everyone was working with this notion of properties on their objects and events on their objects.

But no programming languages had given first-class treatment to them before.

Do you have any example of a great project to create with C-sharp?

Any kind of web backend or REST API or write a game.

I mean, like Unity, right?

Like a third of the world's C-sharp programmers write games.

It almost doesn't matter what you write.

Once you start writing code, you start understanding how programming languages work and how to build data structures and how to get performance, how to measure performance.

When you're learning, it's less important exactly what you write, but just the fact that you're writing.

You could go write a framework or set a collection classes if you wanted to, it doesn't matter.

Yeah, and did you think that C Sharp would be as big as it got to today?

No, of course not.

You never know, right?

I mean, and yes, C Sharp, I am very proud that it stood the test of time.

In fact, I was talking to someone earlier today

that it's 25 years since we released C Sharp at the 2000 Professional Developers Conference.

So 25 years, that's a long time for something to still be around and in widespread use.

Fast forwarding a little into your journey.

So TypeScript, right?

Can you give us the story of that and what problem you were trying to solve?

Really quick, as a software engineer, you would think writing code is what slows me down.

But it's actually the small tasks that pile up the most.

That's when I started using Superhuman Mail, which manages my inbox and keeps me organized without all the back and forth.

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Let me show you how I use this.

I connected Superhuman Mail to Claude, and now I can run everything from here.

One thing I use a lot is cross-tool workflows.

For example, I can ask it to look through recent emails and summarize anything important, then send that straight into Slack.

Or after meetings, I can have a draft of follow-ups based on my notes without opening my inbox.

It removes a lot of the small tasks that usually add up.

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The biggest game changer for me was the AI to help me actually prepare for the day.

It can collect all the tasks and insights that I have and help me create a to-do list.

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Make sure to sign up for the business plan if you want to connect CLAW, ChatGPT, and other AI tools.

And now back to the video.

Well, Timescript, the story probably starts about 15 years ago when a team at Microsoft, the Outlook team, came to us, and I was doing C Sharp at the time,

and they came to us and they asked, hey, could you guys productize this thing called Script Sharp?

100

And I'm like, what's Script Sharp?

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Well, it's this thing that takes C Sharp and cross compiles it to JavaScript.

102

Okay.

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And I'm like, okay.

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And why would someone want to do that?

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Well, we do that because that's the only way that we can get great tooling and scalability for a large project.

106

And we're writing this enormous app in JavaScript because at the time,

107

everyone was moving to the browser and JavaScript as the true cross-platform solution.

108

You know, there was like a whole diversity of device form factors coming out like phones and tablets and the PC wasn't,

109

you couldn't just assume that it was going to run on a PC.

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And so browser was it.

111

And HTML5 had happened and you could actually write decent UI, right?

112

And so people were just writing enormous apps in JavaScript and having a very hard time doing it.

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And this team had chosen to solve the problem by writing the app in C Sharp and cross-compiling it to JavaScript.

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And I'm like, but that's crazy.

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Surely you're not going to write best of breed JavaScript apps by writing them in C Sharp.

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Wouldn't you rather write them in JavaScript? what is it about JavaScript that's broken and can we fix it?

117

And so that was sort of the genesis of TypeScript, fixed JavaScript, if you will.

118

Make it usable for large scale projects and add those things to the language

119

that are necessary such that we can build great tooling on top.

120

And in particular, that meant adding a static type system to the language.

121

We then enable the ability to write great tool that you see in say, Visual Studio Code and our language.

122

So more like the developer experience exactly

123

because that's ultimately where the productivity comes from right it's like having things like statement completion

124

and code navigation and seeing red squigglies when you make a mistake

125

and whatever that's what developers love

126

that stuff yeah once you give it to them you can never take it away again yeah

127

so python developers might disagree slightly but well they might

128

but you know what i don't know that people are writing million line apps or programs in Python to the same extent.

129

Once something gets big enough, you really do need these things.

130

That readability in TypeScript.

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Yeah.

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As the creator of C-sharp and TypeScript, when people are learning to code, what are some common mistakes you see people make?

133

Not spending enough time learning the basic principles and really sort of understand what is it I'm doing?

134

What is a variable really?

135

And what is an array?

136

And what is a data structure?

137

And how do pointers work?

138

Once you grok

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that, then it doesn't really matter what language you're in you

140

know that's just a veneer on top of the semantics right

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but really understanding the semantics is super important because

142

that allows you to think in a more abstract fashion

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if you don't get that deeper understanding of it then you're sort of thinking at

144

that veneer syntactic level of what do i have to write

145

but you're not really understanding why you're writing it interesting

146

if i'm a beginner in tech and i wanted to get hired at a big tech a company like Microsoft, what is your number one piece of advice?

147

Write a bunch of open source code, put it on GitHub, that becomes your resume.

148

There's nothing like demonstrating the ability to code.

149

And a fantastic way to demonstrate that is by building stuff and putting it out in the open.

150

Yeah.

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So don't sit on it, share it.

152

Yeah.

153

And particularly with AI in the world that we live in, are there certain problems that you would choose to tackle?

154

It depends on what kind of programming excites you, because there are many different things you could do.

155

Some people like building apps, the UI aspect of it

156

and the experience of the app other people like systems like stuff

157

that doesn't have a ui at all or

158

but it's like they're into making it perform incredibly well

159

and you know that some people like the theory of it all right and

160

so there are many different ways you can dive into it

161

i mean for me i've always been fascinated with writing efficient data structures

162

and understanding how they work how does a hash table work?

163

Why does it work?

164

And how do I make it more efficient?

165

How can I structure the data in my program the right way?

166

Because ultimately, that's where the performance comes from.

167

Right, right.

168

Exactly.

169

Exactly.

170

It's like the small design choices that affect so much.

171

And do you think a computer science degree is worth it?

172

Oh, I definitely think so.

173

You know, I was sort of somewhat self-taught because at the time I went to college back in Denmark, I grew up in Denmark,

174

The engineering school I went to didn't even have computer science yet.

175

They started it the following year, right?

176

But I was like in the late 70s.

177

You could go to the other university for computer science, but I was doing engineering.

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And so a lot of things I sort of had to learn by myself by doing.

179

Boy, I could have saved a lot of time by getting an education

180

that allows you to understand like the history of programming.

181

And like we've talked about here, like what is a programming language?

182

What are the principles of programming?

183

What is data structures?

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What are databases?

185

What are operating systems? like all of this stuff it certainly

186

helps to have a passion for it you know for me i sometimes joke i never had a real job

187

because i was always doing my hobby coding was always my hobby right then i was fortunate yeah

188

if you aim to do your best work you there's got

189

to be a bit of passion in it you know right for sure

190

and one final question will ai replace software engineers no who's gonna make the AI, right?

191

And who's going to make the programming languages that the AI expresses itself in?

192

And who's going to write the frameworks that the AI talk?

193

I mean, no, AI is an accelerant and it's going to change the way that we do things.

194

And it's going to remove a lot of grunt work

195

that we don't need to do anymore because AI can help us do it, but it'll allow us to focus more on the creative side because AI is not going to innovate.

196

It's not going to like, Bing, have this crazy idea I had in the shower this morning, you know, AI doesn't work that way.

197

Right, right.

198

So right now, as a software engineer, we code five years from now when AI is more into the workflow.

199

More pervasive.

200

What do you see software engineers do?

201

AI will be able to do a lot of that grunt work.

202

But like I said, there's still the deeper side of the science.

203

These frameworks that you have to target, someone has to design the CPU, someone has to design the operating systems.

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There's plenty left.

205

Someone has to get the right idea

206

and devise the right data structure for sharding this app so our startup can grow fast or what have you, right?

207

AI is not going to do that, but it's going to help you with these like, yeah, okay, the grunt work of writing a test for a pull request is fine.

208

That doesn't really bring a lot to the table anyway.

209

So yeah, hand that off.

210

Sweet.

211

Well, that's about all I have in this video.

212

I really hope that you guys enjoyed it.

213

And if you did, make sure to hit the like button and subscribe if you haven't already.

214

If you're interested in my absolutely free tech newsletter, link for that down below in the description.

215

And if you're interested in watching the conversation I had with the CEO of Microsoft, Satya Nadella, you might want to click right here.

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81 zinnen

Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les

Deze spreekles op niveau B2 is gebaseerd op de video “Creator of C# and TypeScript: "AI will NEVER Replace Coders, Here's Why"”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: sharp, code, write, language, writing. Deze video bevat 215 zinnen en 2684 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 12:59. De spreker praat snel, ongeveer 207 woorden per minuut, dus reken op verbonden en ingeslikte klanken. 83% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken. 47 van de 215 zinnen zijn vragen, dus het is goede oefening voor vraagintonatie en korte antwoorden.

Belangrijke woorden in deze video

De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:

Woord	Uitspraak	Betekenis
developer zelfstandig naamwoord	/dɪˈvɛləpɚ/	ontwikkelaar, ontwerper
inbox zelfstandig naamwoord	/ˈɪnbɑks/	postvak
grunt zelfstandig naamwoord	/ɡɹʌnt/	grom
superhuman bijvoeglijk naamwoord		bovenmenselijk
beginner zelfstandig naamwoord	/bəˈɡɪnɚ/	beginneling, beginnelinge
compile werkwoord	/kəmˈpaɪl/	samenstellen
expressiveness zelfstandig naamwoord		zeggingskracht, expressiviteit
innovate werkwoord	/ˈɪn.ə.veɪt/	vernieuwen, innoveren
semantics zelfstandig naamwoord	/sɪˈmæntɪks/	semantiek, betekenisleer
veneer zelfstandig naamwoord	/vəˈnɪɹ/	fineer
programmer zelfstandig naamwoord	/ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/	programmeur
skeptical bijvoeglijk naamwoord	/ˈskɛptɪkəl/	sceptisch
vibe zelfstandig naamwoord	/vaɪb/	vibraties
hobby zelfstandig naamwoord	/ˈhɑ.bi/	hobby, vrijetijdsbesteding
demonstrate werkwoord	/ˈdɛm.ənˌstɹeɪt/	demonstreren

Phrasal verbs die je zult horen

Woord	Uitspraak	Betekenis
come out werkwoord	/ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/	uitkomen
pile up werkwoord		stapelen

Zinnen om te herhalen

Korte, volledige zinnen uit de video die je in alledaagse gesprekken kunt gebruiken:

What are your opinions on vibe coding?
It almost doesn't matter what you write.
How can I structure the data in my program the right way?
What do you see software engineers do?

Grammatica in deze video

De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:

Structuur	In de video
Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt	has seen · i've always been fascinated · we've talked
Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet	be generated · been fascinated

Uitspraak om op te letten

De spreker gebruikt 44 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals you're, doesn't, I'm. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.

De klanken “sh” en “zh”: hash /ˈhæʃ/, dash /ˈdæʃ/, navigation /nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/, notion /ˈnoʊʃən/
Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, accelerant /əkˈsɛləɹənt/, readability /ˌɹiːdəˈbɪlɪti/, scalability /ˌskeɪ.ləˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/, navigation /nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/

Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:

Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: vibe /vaɪb/, devise /dɪˈvaɪz/, pervasive /pəˈveɪ.sɪv/, rewind /ɹiːˈwaɪnd/, summarize /ˈsʌməˌɹaɪz/
/æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: semantics /sɪˈmæntɪks/, programmer /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/, fascinate /ˈfæsɪneɪt/, syntactic /sɪnˈtæktɪk/, unpack /ʌnˈpæk/
/g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: grunt /ɡɹʌnt/, beginner /bəˈɡɪnɚ/, programmer /ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/, cognizant /ˈkɒɡnɪzənt/, squiggly /ˈskwɪɡli/

Zo oefen je met deze video

Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als developer, inbox, grunt.

Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?

Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.

Shadowing-techniek: lees de volledige stap-voor-stap-gids →

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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les

Belangrijke woorden in deze video

Phrasal verbs die je zult horen

Zinnen om te herhalen

Grammatica in deze video

Uitspraak om op te letten

Zo oefen je met deze video

Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?