Shadowing Practice: p1 debate - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Today's motion is Richard.
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Today's motion, be resolved that leaders should be selected from the margins.
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The juniors debated this yesterday.
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Let's see how the seniors do.
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Scholars on stage, you have 15 minutes to prepare.
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That leaders should be selected from the margins.
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Honorable Adjudicators, my supportive team, respectable opponents, I, Mark Kuo, of the International Bilingual School at Shinsu Science Park,
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Taiwan, am the first speaker and will introduce my team's stance before passing the floor to my second and third speakers,
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Robbie and Tara, who will further our arguments before our last speaker,
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Ron, sweeps the opposing stance off its feet and closes our claim that leaders should be selected from the margins.
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First, we would like to define the terms and present a slight rebuttal.
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We believe that margins refers not just to the periphery,
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but to the marginalized, which the prestigious Merriam-Webster defines as to relegate to an unimportant
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or powerless position within a society or group.
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Notice how there is no mention of a majority or a minority population.
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Next, the definition of selected from Merriam-Webster as well means chosen from a number or group by fitness or preference.
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We, the affirmative team, will not take the stance that leaders from the margins should be chosen by a twisted process process.
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We believe that those under margins shall be selected by the natural process of democracy and will be selected in the future.
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Furtherly, we'd like to dispute the idea that those already in power shall stay in power.
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There is a basis for this on precedent, on supposed education, yet there are also cases of corruption.
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But we, the affirmative, talk no further.
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We the affirmative will not take such a negative outlook that those on the margins shall stay on the margins.
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We believe and we will show why they will eventually become the leaders of tomorrow.
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With the definition in mind, our contingents are, one, that the margins are also the majority.
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Two, that those on the margins shall solve the problems of those on the margins much more easily, making this place a better world.
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And three, that those on the margins are more relatable.
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Now to move on to my first point,
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I'll be talking about the poor, race, and on women.
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First off, imagine working a blue-collar job while a businessman sitting in an office,
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standing on a high golden chair, rules the world.
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That is not a world that we can relate to.
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That is not a world that the majority of people can relate to.
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In a population of a village of 100, six people will own over 50% of the wealth.
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The rest, the other 94 people, they will be left to scramble for the rest.
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Those people are powerless on a monetary basis.
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Those people are on the margins.
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If we are to select a person from the poor, if we are to select a person from the fourth estate, if we are to select a person from the middle class,
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they will surely be able to rule the world better
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because they know the majority of the people and they'll be selected by the majority of people.
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Now, the majority of people in this room are also a person of color.
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The majority of the people around the world are people of color.
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In South Africa, having a majority of people of color did not stop them from having segregation.
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It did not stop them from suffering until one man, one very specific man, Mandela,
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a black man, decided that it was time to change Changed his nation, and he did.
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He suffered in jail.
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He was an inspiration to all those incarcerated for fighting marginalization, and that went to jail for it.
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By another example, Gandhi.
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Gandhi rejected the British minority, even though the British minority were in rule.
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He went on a hunger strike in order to save the majority of people, the people of his race.
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You guys couldn't even stand a couple delays for lunch.
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Keep that in mind.
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Now, 51% of the people in this world are also of a marginalized group.
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I would like the audience to think of what that group is.
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You have that answer right.
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That group are women.
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The speaker is a hypocrite for being on the stage talking about women's issues.
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We, the affirmative, are hypocrites
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to believe that the majority ought to speak even though our stage is filled with a male dominant speaking group.
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We believe that women ought to have the right to speak
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because they are the majority and in a democracy which has proven to be the majority ruling system of this world, majorities take the rule.
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Keep that in mind and we shall change the world on that basis.
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As first speaker, I've thus given you the big innings of our contentions and organize the team structure.
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I will allow our other three speakers to provide further evidence to the debate.
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And I will close by saying this.
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We are not just talking of a world on the margins.
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We're talking about a world comprised of the margins.
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God gave us two ears and one mouth.
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Which one do you think he values more?
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I think it's time to use our ears to listen to those on the margins.
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Thank you.
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Thank you, affirmative team.
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Negative team, you have one minute to prepare.
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Good morning, ladies and gentlemen.
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I am the first speaker from the negative side, and my team and I are here to argue that leaders should not be selected from the margins.
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I know that you have been empowered by the speech previously said by the affirmative team, but do not be swayed.
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My team and I are here to argue that leaders should not be chosen just because you feel bad for them, just because they have been oppressed for so many years,
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that does not quantify as a category for them to be chosen.
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We argue that leaders should be chosen for their effectiveness.
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Effective leadership should be above diversity.
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First, we argue that the resources of a leader is important.
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More privileged people have more resources to help those who are in the margins.
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Unfortunately, this is true.
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Those who are marginalized have less opportunities to gain the education that is needed
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or the money that is needed to properly help those who are on the margins.
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Next is that we need a leader who has experience.
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Unfortunately, once again, those who are on the margins are underrepresented.
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They have been excluded from several different things,
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and they do not have the experience as of now that can be used to lead a nation.
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And next, we argue that we should base our rulers on merit, not on social status.
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Just because someone has been marginalized for so long,
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that does not give them a free pass to suddenly have marginalized points to gain the upper hand.
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Just because we are now starting to have diversity, does not automatically mean that those who are marginalized have an upper hand on the position of power.
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Positions of power should be chosen because they have the resources and the responsibility and the skills to lead a nation,
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not because of their social status.
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Next, we argue about the reverse narrative.
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One of our team members have stated that in Vietnam, a marginalized communist community enacted a purge on the rich,
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Even though those who are on the rich did not have any negative provocations towards those who were marginalized.
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Unfortunately, this is how the whole term reverse racism was invented.
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Because marginalized people have been marginalized for so long,
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of course there is going to be some sort of bitter seed at the bottom of their stomachs.
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And we argue that by choosing positions of power just because of this reason that they are marginalized,
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this will turn into an act of revenge.
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Next, by choosing only leaders based solely on the fact
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that they are marginalized might make it harder for the society to succeed.
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Because of course, since they are marginalized,
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they will have a bias towards those in their marginalized community meaning that they will be only seeing from one perspective.
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And once again, we state that leaders and positions of power should be chosen not because of their social status,
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but because they have the skill set to lead a country.
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Yeah.
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Our final stance on this is that we should let privileged people help the marginalized to be equal first.
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Then we can choose our leaders on equal footing.
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Thank you.
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Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen, honorable judges, esteemed colleagues, and worthy opponents.
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My name is Robby and I'm the second speaker for the affirmative side for the notion
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that leaders should be chosen from the marginalized.
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Now, I would first like to start off my speech by rebutting a few points made by the opposition.
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Now, first, the opposition has said that we shouldn't choose them just because we feel bad for them.
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Have we ever felt bad for the people that we have chosen into power?
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No. When has our first speaker ever said that?
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Never.
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Never once has he ever stated that.
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So why make that assumption, first of all?
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Secondly, it says that they're chosen for their effectiveness.
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Are the presidents that we've chosen or the leaders
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that we've chosen in our society not effective even if they are from the marginalized?
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Think about Obama.
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Was he effective?
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Of course he was effective.
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I thought about Martin Luther King.
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Yes, Gandhi.
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All of these people that were marginalized coming out here to stand up for their communities, for their people.
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They have been effective.
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And now I'll move on to my first point.
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Now, I would like to say that the marginalized understand the pains
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and suffering and the struggles of the people that they are with.
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Now, firstly, I would like to give an example.
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We all know Barack Obama.
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Elected in 2008, he first started by, he did many great deeds.
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Firstly, he ended the war in Iraq.
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Secondly, he supported the LGBTQ marriage.
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And thirdly, he was able to start the important added public health care for people
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that do not have the money to get important health care or basic human needs.
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And secondly, I would like to start off with Martin Luther King.
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We all know him for his great deeds as an advocate for human rights.
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As well, some of his great achievements have been the Great March on Washington,
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where over 200,000 people showed up to fight for the civil rights and economic equality for black people.
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And finally, he was able to legislate and fought for Rosa Parks,
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who was arrested due to sitting at the front of a bus. And so he fought.
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And soon the Supreme Court ruled that segregation on buzz was unconstitutional.
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And so, Honorable Judge, I would like to say that for the opposition to win, they must give solid evidence and prove that the decision
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and benefits of choosing leaders that are not from the marginalized outweigh the benefits of choosing leaders from the marginalized.
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Thank you.
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Second, negative speaker.
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My test.
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All right.
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Salutations, honorable adjudicators, esteemed affirmatives, and fellow speakers of the negative side.
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I am Dalton Emanuel Mojica from Southville International School and Colleges,
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Philippines, here to extend the debate and argue against the motion that leaders should be selected from the margins.
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So first of all, I would like to start off with a great point.
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We are not saying that we should not pick people who are marginalized, but we are saying that we should choose people who are qualified.
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We should not pick people who are marginalized just because they are marginalized.
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I would like to point you to a definition.
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meritocracy.
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It is a political system in which economic
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and political power are vested in individual people based on talent and their capabilities of leading a country.
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And with this,
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: marginalized, margins, leader, chosen, majority. Deze video bevat 166 zinnen en 2014 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 14:27. De spreker praat in een gelijkmatig tempo van ongeveer 139 woorden per minuut, prettig om te shadowen. 84% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| marginalize werkwoord | /ˈmɑɹdʒɪnəlaɪz/ | marginaliseren |
| honorable bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˈɑn.ə.ɹəbl̩/ | eervol, hooggeacht |
| stance zelfstandig naamwoord | /stæns/ | houding |
| hypocrite zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈhɪ.pə.kɹɪt/ | huichelaar, hypocriet |
| powerless bijvoeglijk naamwoord | /ˈpaʊɚləs/ | machteloos |
| firstly bijwoord | /ˈfɜɹstli/ | ten eerste |
| deed zelfstandig naamwoord | /diːd/ | daad |
| esteem werkwoord | /ɪˈstiːm/ | achten, waarderen |
| effectiveness zelfstandig naamwoord | /ɪˈfɛk.tɪv.nɪs/ | effectiviteit |
| gentleman zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/ | meneer |
| privilege zelfstandig naamwoord | /ˈpɹɪv.(ɪ.)lɪd͡ʒ/ | voorrecht, privilege |
| opponent zelfstandig naamwoord | /əˈpəʊ.nənt/ | opponent |
| incarcerate werkwoord | /ɪnˈkɑɹ.səˌɹeɪt/ | opsluiten, gevangenzetten |
| legislate werkwoord | /ˈlɛd͡ʒɪsˌleɪt/ | wetten maken |
| meritocracy zelfstandig naamwoord | /mɛɹəˈtɑkɹəsi/ | meritocratie |
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
| Woord | Uitspraak | Betekenis |
|---|---|---|
| come out werkwoord | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | uitkomen |
| stand up for werkwoord | opkomen voor |
Zinnen om te herhalen
Korte, volledige zinnen uit de video die je in alledaagse gesprekken kunt gebruiken:
- Let's see how the seniors do.
- We're talking about a world comprised of the margins.
- Which one do you think he values more?
- When has our first speaker ever said that?
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telt | has proven · have been empowered · have been oppressed |
| Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doet | be resolved · should be selected · should be chosen |
| Betrekkelijke bijzinnen who / which + zin — extra informatie over een persoon of ding | democracy which has · those who are · people who are |
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 12 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals I'll, we've, couldn't. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- De klanken “sh” en “zh”: segregation /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/, marginalization /ˌmɑː(ɹ)dʒɪnəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/, provocation /ˌpɹɑvəˈkeɪʃən/, salutation /ˌsæljuˈteɪʃən/, contention /kənˈtɛnʃən/
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: marginalize /ˈmɑɹdʒɪnəlaɪz/, affirmative /əˈfɝməɾɪv/, adjudicator /əˈd͡ʒuː.dɪ.keɪ.tə/, segregation /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/, effectiveness /ɪˈfɛk.tɪv.nɪs/
Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:
- Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: marginalize /ˈmɑɹdʒɪnəlaɪz/, affirmative /əˈfɝməɾɪv/, deed /diːd/, privilege /ˈpɹɪv.(ɪ.)lɪd͡ʒ/, purge /pɜɹd͡ʒ/
- /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: stance /stæns/, salutation /ˌsæljuˈteɪʃən/, scramble /ˈskɹæmbl̩/, businessman /ˈbɪznəsmæn/
- /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: segregation /sɛɡɹəˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/, relegate /ˈɹɛlɪˌɡeɪt/, organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/, colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/, hunger /ˈhʌŋɡɚ/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Spreek zin voor zin na op normale snelheid en herhaal elke zin tot je ritme gelijk is aan dat van de spreker.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als marginalize, honorable, stance.
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.