Shadowing Practice: CITY | Islamophobia in a NYC Taxi - Learn English Speaking with Video
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
The speaker keeps coming back to these words: muslim, seem, happen, America. This video has 10 sentences and 1168 words to shadow. The speech runs for 8:00. The speaker talks at a steady 146 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. 88% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English, so the vocabulary is easy to follow. 18 of its 10 sentences are questions, so it is good practice for question intonation and short answers.
Key vocabulary in this video
The 15 most advanced words in the video, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| arabic adjective | /ˈæɹəbɪk/ | Only used in arabic acid |
| inshallah | /ˌɪnˈʃɑ.lə/ | Expressing the speaker’s wish for a given future event to occur, and also generally their emphasis on its contingency upon the divine will. |
| threshold noun | /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/ | The lowermost part of a doorway that one crosses to enter; a sill. |
| hurry verb | /ˈhʌ.ɹi/ | To do things quickly. |
| detonate verb | /ˈdɛtəneɪt/ | To explode, blow up |
| veil noun | /veɪl/ | Something hung up or spread out to hide or protect the face, or hide an object from view; usually of gauze, crepe, or similar diaphanous material. |
| scarf noun | /skɑːf/ | A long, often knitted, garment worn around the neck. |
| thankful adjective | /ˈθæŋkfəl/ | Showing appreciation or gratitude. |
| waist noun | /weɪst/ | The part of the body between the pelvis and the stomach. |
| explosive adjective | /ɛkˈspləʊsɪv/ | Able to, or likely to, explode. |
| atomic adjective | /əˈtɑː.mɪk/ | Of or relating to atoms; composed of atoms; monatomic. |
| joking verb | /ˈd͡ʒoʊkɪŋ/ | Kidding, trying to fool. |
| passport noun | /ˈpæspɔɹt/ | An official document normally used for international journeys, which proves the identity and nationality of the person for whom it was issued. |
| laughter noun | /ˈlæftɚ/ | The sound of laughing, produced by air so expelled; any similar sound. |
| grip noun | /ˈɡɹɪp/ | A hold or way of holding, particularly with the hand. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| turn around verb | To physically rotate (usually around a vertical axis) for a half turn (180 degrees), a whole turn (360 degrees), or an indefinite amount. | |
| go back to verb | To stem from; to originate in. | |
| blow up verb | To explode or be destroyed by explosion. | |
| come over verb | To affect in a sudden, unprecedented or surprising manner; to overwhelm a person's ordinarily contrary impulse. | |
| cut off verb | /ˌkʌt ˈɔf/ [ˌkɐɾ ˈɔf] | To remove by cutting. |
| get out of verb | To leave, exit or escape from; to become free of. | |
| grow up verb | To mature and become an adult. | |
| head off verb | To begin moving away. |
Grammar in this video
The structures the speaker uses most, with the exact words from the video:
| Structure | In the video |
|---|---|
| “Used to” used to + verb — a past habit or state that is no longer true | used to live |
| Passive voice be + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it | can be entered |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 17 contractions and reduced forms, such as don't, I'm, didn't. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
- The “th” sounds: threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/, thankful /ˈθæŋkfəl/
- The “sh” and “zh” sounds: inshallah /ˌɪnˈʃɑ.lə/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like arabic, inshallah, threshold.
What is the Shadowing Technique?
Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.












