Shadowing Practice: .NET Mock Interview - Scenario Based - 7+ Years Experienced Candidate - Learn English Speaking with Video

Choose a practice mode

Each mode opens a full-screen practice room.

233 sentences

If sentences are too short or too long, click Edit to adjust them.

So this is an example of eager loading.

So we are just iterating one by one and it is increasing the round trip with the database and to avoid these,

it is a good because if we are not more than more rows in the database,

but if we have a 5 lakhs to 2 lakhs rows in the database, it is not a good.

So now what I will do is I will show you a piece of code.

So this is a simple get user method.

Okay.

We are getting the user details based on the user ID from database.

And this is an async method here and user service or async method.

And we are getting the result and we are assigning it to a variable user.

And then just we are returning the user.

This is the API simple method.

Okay.

Can you tell me is there any problem?

Can you improve this code?

Is there any missing in this code?

Do you think it is?

No, if we are using async, then we will have to apply the await and async keywords.

After the public, we need to add the await and we are getting the result.

User equals to await.

We need to write here.

yeah okay all right so yes so you are right

so basically the problem is that dot result this result will block the thread

so basically what will happen one thread will execute this port right

and your answer is right i'm just elaborating it okay so

but if this method that third is executing

if they get by idsing method is taking too much time then what will happen the thread will be blocked

and if the thread will block it is waiting

because then what will happen your application will be blocked

so the correct way to do is as you said and

that is here i have already written i don't want to type

so here a sync

and await keyword we have to use now what will happen this await will release the thread

so for example the thread one is executing this board okay now what will happen

if we are using uh a great the thread one will be released okay

because get by id async is taking time

so thread one will be released

and it will go back to the thread pool your thread one

and from the thread pool it will be allowed to do some different operation action function whatever okay

so your application will not be blocked the thread one keep on working on something else

and when the response is available then the thread one

or thread one or even some different thread okay whatever thread will be available will get the response

and it to the user and your recall in short your your operation will work smoothly

okay so this is the benefit of using a sync

and update here are you an experienced dotnet developer

but struggling to clear interviews knowing definition is not enough answering

scenario based questions can decide your selection in my free live.net interview workshop

i will explain how to prepare for interviews

if you are preparing for your next.net interview

then this workshop is for you register for free workshop on

6 september sunday 8 pm using the link in the description

we'll see you live suppose your application requires a user service which will

user service

which will handle the information about the user user class user service class you have you need a class

or a service you can say now how would you implement

and inject the service using dependency induction

so you can say can you tell the steps what you will do to from creating

this user service how you will create

and how you will inject in the uh you will use in your application

so user service i will inject using the adpob lifetime so

that means user service the instance of

that service needs only once in every user means every user request will create the new instance

so http request when the user login so every user means every user with each

So we will use scoped lifetime for dependency injections.

So if you talk about the practical thing,

build.add.service and we can add scope as injection and inside the bracket we can add the service name and then

then the parent test is we can apply okay okay so it's like uh

Basically, there is a series of steps when we are implementing some service.

First of all, we have to create an interface of that service.

I'm telling you because I asked the steps.

Okay, you asked some points which were part of the process,

but the complete process is like first we have to create one interface like i user service

and then we have to create the service itself by implementing

that interface okay so i user service

and we will class create the class user service implementing the i user service interface

then what we will do we will register the service the user service in the program.csv okay

so that by using how add scope which you have said correctly

but you will use a discord

and inside the type the angular brackets we will use i user service from my user service like this

so and we will register the service we could be we call this thing the three steps

so first interface second service third register the service

then fourth is inject the service by the controller oh sorry by the constructor

so for example you want the user service inside the user controller okay

there is a user controller

now either one way is you can create directly the object of the user service inside the user controller

but we will not create the object using the new keyword we will inside the user controller

we will call the user controller constructor

and there we will inject the user service as a parameter okay

and as soon as we uh in inject then the object will be created by the dotnet in the background

and that object underscore user service that so basically four steps

interface service register the service in the program

and finally constructor uh inside wherever

you want to use the user controller uh product controller in whatever controller you want to use it okay

so support those for a sp.net core application has a user service okay that manages

about user data use related things user service class okay user related functions are inside it

and then there is a logger service

that basically manages whenever you want something log there are function inside

which will managing the logs like if you want to log something then that kind of of functions are inside logger service.

Now, which dependency detection lifetime will you choose for user service, and which you will use for logger service?

100

For user service, I will choose scoped, because every user will create login with its credentials.

101

So every user can see their own application, their own information, not other.

102

If other user will logged in, the new instance will be generated.

103

And for logged, we will use singleton.

104

So singleton will be okay.

105

So it is create the once and it will use the lifetime of the application.

106

Yeah, correct.

107

So very much accurate.

108

For whenever we don't want to share the data, like in the user service case,

109

we don't want to share the user data of one request with another request.

110

Okay.

111

So that time we will use a scoped.

112

So one instance per HTTP request, one HTTP request, one instance.

113

But in logger service, it's okay to share the instance

114

across the application because we are just logging the information throughout the application.

115

There is nothing like, no critical information is there.

116

okay so singleton is better and singleton will make it more but there will be only one instance

117

then it will be good for performance because

118

if there are multiple instances for example in scope also for multiple requests there will be multiple instances one right

119

so performance will be slightly less but singleton performance will be very high

120

and transient is there where in

121

that case performance will be very much multiple instances will be there inside the request also okay suppose

122

you have a dotnet core application okay

123

and a request is coming to your dotnet application

124

and now in your dot application you have to check whether the request is containing some valid api key

125

or some valid authentication token some thing you have to check and if that

126

api key is for example missing

127

or invalid then your application should not process the request

128

and return an error response to the front end or from wherever the request is coming okay

129

so how you will implement some idea like how you will implement using the uh using the middleware

130

and the the idea is you have to use these method user

131

and map in a in a proper way so indication is different

132

that authentication before that authentication first you will check the whether the api has received some token

133

or not right first you have to it should not be blank right

134

when it have some token then the jwd authentication will start working to validate

135

that token that whether the token is correct or not okay so if the request don't have any token

136

then why to send it for disability authentication

137

you can initially using the middle words you can check it no idea okay okay no problem

138

so uh i will i will give one one minute

139

i will give some idea okay let me share my screen okay

140

so inside your program.cs file

141

so imagine this is your program.cs file here

142

you will use the use method okay

143

this is completely your use method up up until here let me make it short

144

so inside it you will check

145

this thing whether the you will try to extract the api key from the request header okay

146

this is the request this is the context request header and

147

if it has api

148

if you will receive the api key then you will run

149

this await next method have any idea about next method

150

that is also the part of the middleware

151

so next method will then run this map controllers okay but

152

if there is no api key then so

153

if this condition has api key is not means there is no api key then this code will be executed

154

and it will basically it's a sample don't just like it this code can be changed

155

but the logic you have to understand that use map

156

then we will return to stop the pipeline

157

we will not execute for the we will return back to the from the to the front end

158

that we don't have any if we don't get the API key with your request

159

so it's an invalid request API key is missing

160

or invalid okay okay

161

so we the short answer is we will use the app dot use method

162

and next method to to handle

163

this situation whether we have a we have to proceed with the request there is a valid API key

164

if there is a valid API key then yes awaited up next will execute this this map controllers

165

last line of code okay and if there is no api key then it's written just written it blank okay

166

this code is executing

167

and getting all the customers from the database okay this dot customers from the database

168

and then assigning this customer details to a list this now customer variable is a list

169

which will have all the list of the customers okay then we are iterating the customers list one by one

170

and getting the orders of the customers each customer okay and so that is the code now

171

you have to tell me we is there any problem with this code

172

or is we can can we make this better

173

can we optimize this is there anything you have noticed like

174

so this is an example of eager loading

175

so we are just iterating one by one and it is increasing the round trip with the database

176

and to avoid these with it is a good because

177

if we are not more than more rows in the database

178

but if we have a five likes to two lakhs rows in the database it is not a good

179

because it will increase the latency and roundtrip, it can increase.

180

Instead of we can use explicit loading, so we can use the include keyword and get the data.

181

And we can get the particular data, whatever that we want to need.

182

We can use the include keyword and these iteration will need to remove.

183

One by the iteration we need to remove.

184

Yeah, so correct.

185

Your answer is correct correct so basically uh i'm just elaborating

186

or i'm just rephrasing what you have said

187

so what is happening here is first we are making one this query

188

and getting a query hitting the database so this is one

189

and suppose we get 100 customers in this list

190

then for 100 each of those customers we are making one query for each customer

191

so it's like 100 queries again we are making

192

so total we have this 100 plus 1

193

which is 100 plus 1 1 0 1 database hits

194

so this is also called n plus 1 problem okay

195

so the solution is again what you have said and

196

that is we have to use the include method okay and include method will get the customer and order details

197

like this you do not with only a single head to the database okay

198

so this is one way and we call it

199

equal loading this only okay another approach is using the select method

200

this is the select method now forget about this code uh

201

you can forget like uh yeah control z let just forget about this code here ctrl x

202

so this is the select method that we also called projection

203

the benefit of select over include is in select

204

you can give the sorry control z give the columns specific columns

205

which you want okay with include you have to have get all you will get all the columns by default

206

but with select you can give the columns also like this id name

207

and inside order what you want order id order i getting my mind yes yes okay so

208

that is the difference

209

and there is the these are the co-options okay are you an experienced dotnet developer

210

but struggling to clear interviews knowing definition is not enough

211

answering scenario based questions can decide your selection in my free live.net interview workshop

212

i will explain how to prepare for interviews

213

if you are preparing for your next.net interview

214

then this workshop is for you register for free workshop on 6 september sunday 8 pm

215

using the link in the description we'll see you live in your application you have a controller and that contains validation code,

216

that contains business logic methods, that contains properties, that also contains database code.

217

So how you will refactor your application, how you will refactor that controller to make it better?

218

So firstly, I will divide my application, my controller into the layers,

219

like repository and service and interface and business logic should be different and database logics should be different.

220

Means I will use a repository pattern to divide the application into the layers.

221

Like my business logic will be in the services and database,

222

data DB context means the database things will be in the repository.

223

Yes, so basically we have to divide the things we should not keep like single responsibility principle uh solid

224

or principle single responsibility so one controller or any file class file

225

or any should not can be responsible for multiple things single responsibility controller should only receive the request

226

and return the http response

227

then from there there will be domains dto's for your properties entities different class for them

228

which will be responsible for property then validation for validation you should have a different data annotation

229

or different model fluent validation then there will be service layer for the business logic then yes

230

that access layer or you can say the repository

231

layer also you can say it for entity framework or ado.net

232

so if you will add like single responsibility thing to these kinds of you can relate able to relate then

233

that will be sound good but yeah that is also the same thing you are saying okay

Download App

Everything you need to speak fluently

AI PronunciationScore every sentence

IPA PracticeMaster every sound

VocabularyBuild your word bank

Vocab GameLearn while playing

Scan QR

Download on theApp Store Get it onGoogle Play

FOR YOU

Recommend Video

324 sentences

Excellent 2 Years AWS DevOps Engineer Mock Interview with Questions and Answers | Cloud | Docker

Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students

75 sentences

The unfair way I got good at Leetcode

Interview EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

95 sentences

API Gateways in System Design Interviews w/ Ex-Meta Staff Engineer

Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students

674 sentences

FULL Data Science Mock Interview | SQL, Statistics, Business

Interview EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults

356 sentences

Concurrency in Low-level Design Interviews w/ Staff Engineer

Business EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students

160 sentences

[2026] TOEFL iBT Speaking Take an Interview | Step-by-Step Strategies #0008

TOEFL PrepBusiness EnglishInterview English

Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson

This speaking lesson is built on the video “.NET Mock Interview - Scenario Based - 7+ Years Experienced Candidate”. The speaker keeps coming back to these words: user, request, method, application, controller. This video has 233 sentences and 2805 words to shadow. The speech runs for 20:13. The speaker talks at a steady 139 words per minute, a comfortable pace for shadowing. 86% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.

Key vocabulary in this video

15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:

Word	Pronunciation	Meaning
thread noun	/ˈθɹɛd/	A cord formed by spinning or twisting together textile fibers or filaments into one or more continuous strands, typically used in needlework.
database noun	/ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/	A collection of (usually) organized information in a regular structure, usually but not necessarily in a machine-readable format accessible by a computer.
controller noun	/kənˈtɹoʊlɚ/	One who controls something.
interface noun	/ˈɪn(t)ɚˌfeɪs/	The point of interconnection or contact between entities.
execute verb	/ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/	To kill, especially as punishment for a capital crime.
await verb	/əˈweɪt/	To wait for.
select verb	/sɪˈlɛkt/	To choose one or more elements of a set, especially a set of options.
scope noun	/skəʊp/	The breadth, depth or reach of a subject; the extent of applicability or relevance; a domain, purview or remit.
implement verb	/ˈɪmpləmənt/	To bring about; to put into practice; to carry out.
workshop noun	/ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/	A room, especially one which is not particularly large, used for manufacturing or other light industrial work.
token noun	/ˈtoʊkən/	Something serving as an expression of something else.
layer noun	/ˈleɪ̯ɚ/	A single thickness of some material covering a surface.
lifetime noun	/ˈlaɪf.taɪm/	The duration of the life of someone or something.
valid adjective	/ˈvælɪd/	Well-grounded or justifiable, pertinent.
log noun	/lɔɡ/	The trunk of a dead tree, cleared of branches.

Phrasal verbs you will hear

Word	Meaning
go back to verb	To stem from; to originate in.

Sentences worth repeating

Short, complete lines from the video that you can reuse in everyday conversation:

Can you tell me is there any problem?
Can you improve this code?
Do you think it is?
I'm telling you because I asked the steps.

Grammar in this video

The structures the speaker uses most, with the exact words from the video:

Structure	In the video
Conditional sentences if + clause, will/would + verb — a condition and its result	if the thread will block · If other user will logged
Passive voice be + past participle — the focus is on what happens, not who does it	will be blocked · will be released · will be allowed
Present perfect have/has + past participle — a past action that still matters now	have already written · have said · has received
Relative clauses who / which + clause — extra information about a person or thing	service which will · points which were

Pronunciation to watch

The speaker uses 13 contractions and reduced forms, such as don't, I'm, we'll. Say them the short way, as you hear them.

The “th” sounds: thread /ˈθɹɛd/, smoothly /ˈsmuːðli/, authentication /ɔːˌθɛntɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
The “sh” and “zh” sounds: workshop /ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/, validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, injection /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/, detection /dɪˈtɛk.ʃən/, indication /ɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/
Long words — get the stress right: validation /ˌvæl.əˈdeɪ.ʃən/, dependency /dɪˈpɛndənsi/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, entity /ˈɛn.tə.ti/ [-tʰi], elaborate /ɪˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/

How to practise with this video

Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
Shadow it sentence by sentence at normal speed, repeating each one until your rhythm matches the speaker.
Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like thread, database, controller.

What is the Shadowing Technique?

Shadowing is a science-backed language learning technique originally developed for professional interpreter training and popularized by polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. The method is simple but powerful: you listen to native English audio and immediately repeat it out loud — like a shadow following the speaker with just a 1–2 second delay. Unlike passive listening or grammar drills, shadowing forces your brain and mouth muscles to simultaneously process and reproduce real speech patterns. Research shows it significantly improves pronunciation accuracy, intonation, rhythm, connected speech, listening comprehension, and speaking fluency — making it one of the most effective methods for IELTS Speaking preparation and real-world English communication.

Shadowing technique: read the full step-by-step guide →

Shadowing Practice: .NET Mock Interview - Scenario Based - 7+ Years Experienced Candidate - Learn English Speaking with Video

Choose a practice mode

Download App

Distributed Task Scheduler: System Design Interview (Stripe & Amazon Offers)

Next JS Interview Questions and Answers 2026 | Top 20 Most Asked Questions

Mastering iOS Development: Mock Interview with Ramiro Neto

Uber Data Engineering Mock Interview - Ride-Sharing Data Warehouse Schema

FullStack Interview Questions (Junior & Mid)

🚫 Java Deadlock Explained: Why Your Code is Stuck 😱 (Beginners Must Watch!)

Excellent 2 Years AWS DevOps Engineer Mock Interview with Questions and Answers | Cloud | Docker

The unfair way I got good at Leetcode

API Gateways in System Design Interviews w/ Ex-Meta Staff Engineer

FULL Data Science Mock Interview | SQL, Statistics, Business

Concurrency in Low-level Design Interviews w/ Staff Engineer

[2026] TOEFL iBT Speaking Take an Interview | Step-by-Step Strategies #0008

Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson

Key vocabulary in this video

Phrasal verbs you will hear

Sentences worth repeating

Grammar in this video

Pronunciation to watch

How to practise with this video

What is the Shadowing Technique?