Prática de Shadowing: 8 New CSS, JS and HTML Features You Should Know - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Welcome to Syntax Today.
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We've got eight amazing new CSS, HTML, and JavaScript APIs that you need to know about.
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Wes has put together eight new demos to showcase these things.
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And let me tell you, there's some cool stuff in here that I didn't even know about.
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So Wes, I'm so stoked to see some of these things.
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Which one do you want to start with first?
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Yes, let's get into the CSS alpha being added to relative color.
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I didn't even know that this was coming.
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I think with a lot of these, we've been so obsessed with AI for the last six months.
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There's been so much that's been added to CSS, HTML, JavaScript, that I've been looking through all this stuff.
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I'm like, wow, that's awesome.
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So first one, very simple, CSS relative color, which is you'd be able to take a specific color and then return the R,
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the G, the B, and the A, or the HDS, the L and the A.
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Now we have a short form for that, which is simply just, I want to take a color
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and then I want to make it semi opaque or have transparency, right?
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So this is simply just CSS background alpha.
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You give it the color.
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So from whether you pass it a hex, HSL, whatever, and then forward slash the percentage value that you want it to do,
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then you can make, simply just make a color semi-transparent.
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That's crazy.
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This is something that has been what this was in like SAS.
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This was in Silas.
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This was in all of them.
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And it was so nice when we got relative time.
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Yes.
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To do this dynamically in the browser.
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People might say, why not just use SAS?
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Well, SAS has done a build time.
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We want something that's done it for in time here.
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And my gosh, the browser support for this is actually pretty dang good.
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It's in everything.
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And I mean, it's in Safari technology preview, but it's in Firefox
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in the nightly build currently
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which means it'll be here soon it's been in chrome since version 151
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so as of july 27 2026 and it will be in safari 27
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so my gosh
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that means i have it on my computer yeah i'm running i'm running safari 27 not
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that i'm using it but i'm running it
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it all just got added like in the last month or
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so it's been added to every single browser which i think
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because now that they have relative color implemented it's just a simple syntax ad i I think it's pretty low lift.
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I don't think I knew that this was happening. So sick.
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And if you want to see all of the errors in your application, you'll want to check out Sentry at sentry.io forward slash syntax.
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You don't want a production application out there that, well, you have no visibility into in case something is blowing up and you might not even know it.
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So head on over to sentry.io forward slash syntax.
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Again, we've been using this tool for a long time and it totally rules.
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All right.
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Next one we have here is the CSS progress function.
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This is something you will often do with calc, where you have a starting value and an ending value, and then you have your own value,
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and you want to know where in the middle of that is this thing.
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What this progress function will allow you to do is you pass it where you're at.
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These values can be anything.
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Dynamic.
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Yes yeah you could pass it like i'm at two ems
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and i want to start at eight pixels
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and go to a hundred percent like that's that's the beautiful part of it is
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that you can say where am i in between these two values even
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if they are not of the same unit um which is
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so cool so uh here i have opacity progress i'm at 300
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or or 150 and i want to know where i am extrapolate that up to between zero
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and a thousand and that's not hard to do with a css calc
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but when you start getting into these things where you're like where am i at in between 20 pixels
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and 400 percent width you know right yeah yeah this will
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just do the math for you this has nothing to do with the css
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or the html progress element
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which i initially thought it was it is simply just how far am i in between these two values that's
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so cool yes yeah it gives you a unit list value
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so it you still have
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if you do want it to be like a like a percent
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or em or px
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and you still have to coerce it with your um with
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the calc yeah cool i had no idea about this one either
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and it seems like this is available in everything except for firefox
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so and the the reason why i'm doing this is
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because uh gecko which is the engine in Firefox is intent to ship.
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So all of the ones that I'm, like, where you get all of these,
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like, what's new in CSS is you can look at the intent posts on the Google groups of intent.
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And basically, the people who work on these browsers will say, I intend to ship this.
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I intend to turn this on in all the browsers.
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We intend to prototype this specific feature.
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And it's kind of a cool way to see, especially a lot of these are, oh, wow, this feature is finally coming to Firefox.
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Now we can start using it.
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Yeah, I love that.
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And the next one here is a JavaScript one, which is promise.allkeyed.
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We actually talked about this recently on a syntax live.
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And this is something that you said you've been doing for many years with libraries and stuff.
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But now it is going to be native.
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Yes.
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So if you have three or four promises, like say, for example, you want to fetch a podcast, you want to fetch your users, you want to fetch a bunch of posts,
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you want to do that concurrently, or most people will think you want to do that in parallel, you know, fetch them at the same time.
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And if you want to have multiple promises fetched at the same time,
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you use promise.all or promise.all settled right yeah and the problem with
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that is that those only take arrays meaning that the order
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at which they come back is is important
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so you have to do this like weird loop over the results
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and use the index of the value this you simply just make an you make an object
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and then instead of the the properties on that object can be promises
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so fetch user fetch posts and then you can just await
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that object and it will know that there are keys in
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that object that need to wait to be resolved
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and then once it is done it'll return
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that entire object with the resolved keys
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or you can a lot of people are going to just simply destructure those values straight on out
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yeah that rips and it just feels like a nice quality of life thing
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that will make your code read better anything you couldn't do
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before lots of utilities to do this type of thing but like like we're at a point now where like,
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yeah, we can really make the JavaScript language itself have some really nice APIs.
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A lot of people are like, oh, why don't we just use a library for that?
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I don't want a library for this.
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This is something I do all the time.
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Yes, okay.
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Something also here that it feels like an HTML element
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that should have been added a long time ago or two HTML elements.
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I'm not sure about this one.
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I'm curious to see what you think.
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And this one is just in prototyping stage.
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Okay.
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Well, if you're asking me, it does feel like, so this is to say, this is the camera and the microphone HTML elements.
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For me, it feels like a nice way of,
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what's the word that they use for declaratively writing things that use the camera and the microphone,
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which for some reason, because they are physical objects, they have like this, like that feels like they deserve to be represented in that way.
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But they are these things even useful without connecting them with JavaScript.
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I mean, I like this.
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Yeah.
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You have if you want to access somebody's camera or microphone, there are new elements.
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I believe there's also a media element, which is a little further ahead than this.
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And it will simply just request access to those things.
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And typically what you'd have to to do is you'd have to programmatically do it like navigator.media.devices.getusermedia.
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And that would then say, hey, can I access your webcam?
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Can I access your microphone?
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And then they would say yes, you would get the stream.
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And then you take that stream and then you put it into whatever you want.
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You display it on a video element.
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You start recording it with a media recorder, et cetera.
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This is a declarative way to do that, which I don't know.
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it doesn't make much sense to me because you still have to like, once you have that track, then you still have to listen for the events of like,
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someone gave you access to the camera and then you, you, you still have to use regular JavaScript.
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So like, I don't, I don't see the benefit of this unless like
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so much of the recent HTML that we've gotten are trying to do things declaratively without needing JavaScript.
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Yeah.
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Like invokers or yeah.
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Yeah, maybe this is going to play on with the Invokers API,
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where you could just click together a very basic photo booth without any JavaScript.
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Yeah, I don't know.
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I'm not sure about this one.
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But it seems interesting.
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I think you've talked me out of it yeah i thought
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at first i thought i was like oh this is cool
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and then you're like why did this yeah i don't know
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yeah i guess kind of right um this next one here
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which is the css attribute function
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or attr now this function has been around in the web
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for a billion years uh this this function was back
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when the dinosaurs were roaming the earth they were writing the css attribute function.
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But what's changed in this modern implementation of the attribute function is that you can actually use the values in a,
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like a real way, kind of turning this into almost like props for CSS, like directly in the browser.
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You could only use it ATTR with what, like content?
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And now you can use it with anything, background, width, height, et cetera.
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Yeah, now you could pass this stuff directly into your CSS.
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Basically, you could set a property on a div and have
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that act as like a prop and access that value directly in your CSS.
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It's sick.
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I'm curious if you'd be able to use value here because value in HTML is like input value.
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Let's say you have a range.
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But does that update when the JavaScript value updates as you scroll it?
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I'm not quite sure.
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It would be really nice if you could, because then you could just take the, you could pipe that into the progress function we talked about earlier, right?
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Yeah, right.
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Yeah, can I use value?
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Yeah.
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This has been in everything for quite a while, except for Firefox.
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And now we're finally in a spot where it's in intent to ship in Gecko.
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So it's one of those things where you can just finally use it.
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And this is, again, this is make declarative work a lot easier especially
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if you have like a library where you want to pass
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in things like button data dash size small medium large right any of these like modifiers
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that you're used to passing in to each of them now
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you can simply just pass them as attributes likely data dash
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attributes though it doesn't it's not entirely necessary to have the
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data dash on it yes this next one here is css sibling index function
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and the sibling count function if you've ever watched any of our css battles on this channel.
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You've seen us use these functions in your options.
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So what these do, they give you the current index of an item
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or the count of how many items there are that are siblings.
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And the only way you could do this type of work
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where you don't know how many items are in a list or in our siblings is by counting them with JavaScript.
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That's the only way you could have done it before
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or you could just have nth child one nth child two nth child until every single possible use case
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and that's like yeah that's not the way to do it right
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so tell us about sibling index
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and sibling count yeah it's very simple it tells you how many items are of a sibling
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so here i have a circle
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and like the example where we've done it in our css is we did this navigation that was a 360 degree circle.
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And if you don't know if you have three items in there
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and you want to evenly space them around in a circle
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and you want to calculate the rotation value or the rotation angle of that item.
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So if you have four of them, it's going to be 0, 25, 50, 75, right?
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But if you have five of them, then that value changes.
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And the more you add, the less of an angle each one needs to be.
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So previously, yeah, you'd have to do like, okay, well, if the nth child five exists, then there must be five, then do this.
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And you'd have to do every single instance of it, or you would calculate them in JavaScript, like you said, and you'd pass that in via variable.
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So this just makes it so much easier.
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And we've done many, many in all of our CSS challenges.
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I think we always reach for this one.
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And then you guys gave me a hard time for using it in my challenge because it didn't work.
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in any of the other browsers, but now we can.
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I gave you a hard time because very specifically, I had made two versions of my app,
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one without JavaScript and one with JavaScript to just showcase the need for that.
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And I could have used it, I knew about it, but I chose not to.
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And so you were like trying to be like, mine's better.
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Yeah, so.
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Again, it's another one of these that Firefox has just shipped, meaning that it is now in all the browsers and you can go ahead and start to use it.
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It's been in Safari since 26.2.
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It's been in Safari for almost a year.
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So we're in good shape now.
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Yes.
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Heck yes.
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Heck yes.
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All right.
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Next one here is shrink to fit container.
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I, I don't necessarily understand this one.
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I mean, I understand it, but I don't get the usage for it.
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Yeah.
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This, I can tell you, I have run into this once before.
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So what, what this does is if you have some content and the width of that content,
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you set to fit content.
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The width of that element, like let's say we have a paragraph tag and it wraps around.
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Normally, it's a block element, so it's just going to take 100% width as much as it has, right?
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But if you want that paragraph to just be as wide as it is,
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especially with text wrapping, then you say width equals fit content, meaning that be as wide as the actual element.
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Now, the problem is, is that if you have an element that wraps some fit content, then that thing is still with 100%, right?
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And you can't do with the fit content on that as well.
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And it's a bit of a pain.
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And then you're getting into like, maybe I should float this and it's a nightmare.
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So now there is a property max content sizing shrink to fit.
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and that will simply just allow you to suction the parent element to the size of some fit content
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which again maybe not something you're hitting every single day
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but i can tell you i run into it once yeah
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yeah i i once is enough i guess i maybe i will hit this
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and be like oh shrink to fit container the next one
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here though is something i do hit all the time which is text box trim and text box edge, text, man, fonts, they are all wacky.
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And now you're rendering them and too many times you're just trying to get your freaking button to look good, right?
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Yeah, so what this will do is it will allow you to trim,
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like basically if you think about like a line height one and like how that is calculated on some texts, right?
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It will take into account the very highest of the capitals in the very lowest of the descenders, right?
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So if you have big capital A, a Y that goes down, then the height of that text, even if you don't use those letters,
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the height of that line or that text box is going to be huge.
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And where you can get into trouble, let me show you on the mad CSS website that we did it.
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We have this admit one right here.
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And I put text box trim cap alphabetic.
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So if I take that off, you can see that the bottom of this text here, and if you're audio listeners,
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imagine that the bottom of the text being larger than the top, and it's not perfectly vertically centered.
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And this drives you mad because I don't have any letters here that are ascending or descending.
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It's all capital.
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So what I did is I said text box trim, cap alphabetic, and that just trimmed it directly to all of the letters.
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And then that allowed me to put a padding on the top and the bottom.
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And it was exactly the same on the top and the bottom, which I absolutely love.
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So again, this has been in all the browsers except for Firefox.
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And now they are finally, it's an intent to prototype.
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So not just quite yet.
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But yes, this has been in Chrome since February 2025.
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So yes, that's before Opus 4.5 came out.
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That's how long ago this thing was.
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But I don't know, man, I hope I hope we get this soon because this is one of the things where you can add it already.
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You can start using it today and then in browsers that don't support it.
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It just looks a little bit weirder, but progressive enhancement at all.
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Yes, exactly.
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You can decide where you would like to trim the top and the bottom of your pieces of text.
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I'll be using this one.
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Beautiful.
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Yes, absolutely.
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Wes, thank you for putting together these demos.
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You're going to make this page available for people who are
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audio listeners who want to see what you're talking about and give it a try.
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I'll slap it up.
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We'll put the link in the notes.
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All right.
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Slap that bad boy up.
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Thank you so much for this, Wes.
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Thank you.
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All right.
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Thanks for tuning in.
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Peace.
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Peace.
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Thank you.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Este vídeo tem 285 frases e 3313 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 18:27. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 180 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. 85% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| element substantivo | /ˈɛləmənt/ | fundamento |
| fetch verbo | /fɛt͡ʃ/ | buscar |
| sibling substantivo | /ˈsɪb.lɪŋ/ | irmão, irmã |
| width substantivo | /ˈwɪtθ/ | largura |
| trim verbo | /ˈtɹɪm/ | cortar, podar |
| intent substantivo | /ɪnˈtɛnt/ | intenção |
| attribute substantivo | /ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/ | atributo |
| safari substantivo | /səˈfɑːɹ.i/ | safári |
| syntax substantivo | /ˈsɪn.tæks/ | sintaxe |
| relative substantivo | /ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ | parente, parenta |
| microphone substantivo | /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfəʊn/ | microfone |
| wrap verbo | /ɹæp/ | embalar, empacotar |
| intend verbo | /ɪnˈtɛnd/ | pretender, tencionar |
| dash substantivo | /ˈdæʃ/ | traço |
| calculate verbo | /ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ | calcular |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| put together verbo | montar, construir | |
| blow up verbo | explodir | |
| check out verbo | verificar, sacar só | |
| come back verbo | voltar | |
| come out verbo | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | sair, partir |
| go ahead verbo | /ˌɡoʊ əˈhɛd/ | vai em frente |
| go down verbo | descer |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 78 contrações e formas reduzidas, como don't, I'm, you're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: width /ˈwɪtθ/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, booth /buθ/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: dash /ˈdæʃ/, rotation /ɹoʊˈteɪʃən/, showcase /ˈʃoʊˌkeɪs/, gosh /ɡɑːʃ/, implementation /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: calculator /kæl.kjə.leɪ.tɚ/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, implementation /ˌɪmplɪmənˈteɪʃən/, utility /juːˈtɪlɪti/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como element, fetch, sibling.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — uma ação que começou antes e continua | I've been looking · we've been using · you've been doing |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has put · we've been · has been |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | being added · been added · be resolved |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | color, which is · that, which is · gecko which is |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.