Prática de Shadowing: Present Perfect Tense: Your Easy Guide! Simple English Grammar - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Today we are taking a look at a verb tense that is misunderstood by many students.
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The present perfect.
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Let's get started.
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Hello and welcome to English Speaking 360.
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Now, these right here are present perfect sentences.
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I have worked at McDonald's.
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Liz hasn't seen the movie yet.
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And, have you ever been to Japan?
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If you don't know how to use this verb tense very well, stay with me, I will explain everything to you.
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First, here's something you must know.
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The simple past and the present perfect are very similar, so you have to be careful.
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Simple past, we would say, I went to Egypt.
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For the present perfect, we would say, I have been to Egypt, but what is the difference?
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I went to Egypt is a past action that is finished,
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only in the past, so there is no connection to the present.
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I have been to Egypt, however, is also a past action,
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finished or unfinished, but there is a connection to the present.
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And that is the key for today's video.
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There are two present perfect uses, two different uses.
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Let's take a look at them.
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I have seen the new Marvel movie and I have lived in Canada all my life.
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Can you spot the difference?
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Maybe not.
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It's hard to see.
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I have seen the new Marvel movie is a past action that is actually finished.
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The seeing of the movie is over already.
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and I have lived in Canada all my life
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is also a past action that is unfinished because I am still living in Canada now.
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So that is the difference between the two uses of the present perfect.
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Also, the first use, there is a result in the present.
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On the other hand, for the second use, there is no result because the action continues to the present.
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So that's why whenever you use the present perfect,
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you have to remember that it's a past action that touches the present in some way.
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Also today, I'm going to give you eight signal words that tell you when to use the present perfect.
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So make sure you stay with me
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and make sure you write down the eight words that are absolutely crucial in your understanding of the present perfect.
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Let's take a look at the first use of the present perfect.
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Now, here's the same example.
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I have seen the new Marvel movie.
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Okay, the past action is finished.
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So it happened in the past and it's over.
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But, watch out, there is a result in the present.
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So the past action is touching the present with a certain result.
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There is an effect in the present.
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I've seen the new Marvel movie.
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What is the meaning of that?
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The meaning is that I saw the movie in the past.
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When did I see it?
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We don't know because we don't care when it happened.
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Remember this, we don't care when.
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Now, I know you wonder about the present result.
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Think about it.
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I have seen the new Marvel movie.
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What could be a result in the present right now?
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One of the possible results could be, I know the story now.
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I know the story of the new Marvel movie.
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Or another result could be, I don't want to see it again because I have seen it before.
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Do you understand the present result?
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I hope so.
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Here is another example.
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I have lost my keys.
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Okay, it means I lost my keys sometime in the past. When?
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Remember, we don't know when because we don't care when it happened.
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It's not important.
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The focus is on the present result of me losing my keys in the past.
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So, what is the result right now?
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The result could be I can't get into my apartment.
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I cannot open the door because I don't have my keys with me.
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Now, here's a test.
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Can you say this?
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I have lost my keys yesterday. Is it okay?
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No, you can't. But why?
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Here's the answer.
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Remember, we don't care when it happened.
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And right here, what do we have?
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We have a time expression.
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If there is a time expression, you must use the simple past.
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There's no way around it, so you must say, I lost my keys yesterday.
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Lost is the simple past, and yesterday shows when it happened.
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Now, how to make a present perfect sentence?
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That's also an important point, and it's not so difficult.
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I have visited London.
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Okay, we always use the verb have, so that's why here I'm going to use my mouse.
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You see have.
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Have is the present part, okay?
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And the perfect part is the PP, right here?
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The PP is the past participle, okay?
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Maybe you don't know the past participle, but I think you know this, right?
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Visit, visited, visited.
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The third one is the past participle.
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For regular verbs, it is with ed at the end.
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So, for regular verbs, the simple past and the past participle are the same.
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But remember, you need have.
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But, for irregular verbs, they are usually very different.
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Be was been.
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So, you would say, she has been to Japan.
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This is how to make a present perfect sentence.
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Maybe you wonder how about contractions.
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Ok, if your sentence is positive, for example, I have visited London, if you want to make it shorter,
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if you want to contract the sentence, you would say, I visited London.
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I've visited London.
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It sounds more natural.
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She has been to Japan.
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Can you take a guess?
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It would become, she's been to Japan.
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She's been to Japan.
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It sounds a lot more natural.
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Now, if your sentence is negative, I have not visited London.
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What would be the contraction?
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It would be, I haven't visited London.
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I haven't visited London.
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And, she has not been to Japan would become, she hasn't been to Japan.
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She hasn't been to Japan.
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Now, here's something important for you.
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We use the present perfect to talk about experience.
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And this is a key point because it is very useful for job interviews.
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So if you talk about your experience at a job interview, you must use the present perfect, not the simple past.
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For example, I have worked in many foreign countries.
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Oh, very nice.
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It's a past action, so me working in other countries happened in the past,
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but it's not only in the past.
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It is touching the present because right now I have the experience of working with foreign people in foreign countries.
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So, what does it mean?
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It means that I can use my experience for your company and that's why we use the present perfect.
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Here's another example.
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I have managed complex projects.
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So, right now, I can also do it for your company.
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I have exceeded sales targets.
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Present result?
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I can do it again and I can make money for your company right now.
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Let's take a look at the second use of the present perfect.
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It's a little bit more challenging.
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We've seen this example before.
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I have lived in Canada all my life.
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Okay, it's a past action but in this case the past action is not finished.
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So that's important.
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It started in the past but it continues to the present.
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You see the arrow, the blue arrow right there.
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Okay, so it continues up to the present.
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Good.
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And possibly into the future, but we don't know about that.
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Here are some examples.
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We have owned this house for a decade.
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Okay, it means the action started in the past.
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We bought the house 10 years ago, a decade ago.
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We bought it in the past and the action continues to the present.
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We still own the house today and possibly into the future.
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Maybe we will keep owning the house forever, but we don't know about this.
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Here are more examples.
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They have known each other since childhood.
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They have been married for 20 years.
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So, for these two examples also, the action started in the past and it continues up to the present time.
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Some words often require the present perfect and we call them signal words.
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Signal words are words that when you see them, they give you a pretty good indication that you should use the present perfect.
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Here's the first example.
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When you talk about your experience, I have worked at McDonald's for five years.
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Four plus a duration, for two hours, for a week, for three months.
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So when you see that, usually use have plus PP, the present perfect.
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I have lived in this city since 2020.
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Since is another signal word.
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Since plus the starting point of the period of time.
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Since two days ago.
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Since last year.
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Since I was young.
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That shows when the action started.
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So when did I move to this city?
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I moved in 2020.
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So I have lived in this city since 2020.
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Remember, every time you see for and since, use the present perfect.
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Here are three other signal words.
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Have you ever eaten kimchi?
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Ever is used in questions, and when you see it, it's a good indication to use have plus pp, the present perfect.
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I have never tried kimchi.
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is used in negative sentences and is also a signal word.
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And the last one, I've had kimchi before.
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Before is used in positive sentences and also in questions.
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Have you eaten kimchi before?
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You could also say that.
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And remember that if you see those three words, you should use the present perfect.
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Finally, the three last signal words for today.
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Have you finished dinner yet?
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Yet is used in questions and negative sentences.
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You've heard not yet before, right?
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So have you finished dinner yet?
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I have just finished eating.
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Just means very recently.
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And when you see just, we use the present perfect.
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And the last one, I have already finished eating, already means earlier than expected.
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Remember that when you see yet, just and already, use the present perfect.
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Here's a good summary of the present perfect.
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It's a past action, finished or unfinished, it depends.
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Usually there is a present result or the action is touching the present in some way.
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There is no time expression.
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This is super important.
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And the focus is on experience.
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Remember also there are eight signal words that when you see those words, you should know that there's a good chance that you must use the present perfect.
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Now let's take a quiz and let's check your understanding.
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Let's go.
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Have you ever gone skydiving?
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No, I never skydiving.
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Here's the verb you must use.
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You must use the verb go.
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Are you ready?
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No, I have never gone skydiving.
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Here are some key points.
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You have two signal words here.
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You have ever in the question and you have never in the answer.
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Also, we focus on the present result.
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I don't have that experience, so I am scared or so I'm a beginner.
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Here's another question.
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What should we eat for dinner?
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I.. some chicken.
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And the verb is cook.
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Give it a try.
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I have cooked some chicken.
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Good.
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Key points.
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It's a past action.
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The cooking is already finished.
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I have cooked some chicken.
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and the present result is we are going to eat that chicken.
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Next question.
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Do you know anything about Asian culture?
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Yes, I am in Japan for three years.
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And your verb is live.
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So think about it and think about the key points.
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You have a signal word here, four plus a duration, four, three years.
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And also, there's a present result.
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I know about Asian culture because I have lived in Japan for three years.
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Here's a more difficult one.
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Are you ready for Christmas?
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No, I.. any Christmas gifts yet.
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Think about it.
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your verb is by.
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Key points, single word, did you find it?
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There was yet at the end.
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Also, the present result is I am not ready for Christmas.
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So, no, I haven't bought any Christmas gifts yet.
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Next question, I'm afraid we're going to get lost in Paris.
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Don't worry, I Paris three times.
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And the verb is visit.
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You ready?
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Key points.
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Present result.
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I know Paris quite well. Because?
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Three times.
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So three times is a focus on experience.
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The answer is don't worry.
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I have visited Paris three times.
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Or you could say don't worry.
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I have been to Paris three times.
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Three more questions.
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Have you ever tried dim sum?
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Yes, I dim sum last month.
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Okay.
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The verb is try.
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Key points.
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There's a single word right here, last month.
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And last month is a time expression.
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Okay.
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And the focus is on when it happened.
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Last month.
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So the answer is yes, I have tried dim sum last month.
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Right?
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No?
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Why are you making that face?
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If you can spot it, you are good.
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You have studied well.
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Yes, I tried dim sum last month.
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Because of the time expression, you cannot use the present perfect.
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You must use the simple past.
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Try this one.
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Hey, long time no see.
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How you.. and the verb is the verb to be.
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You ready?
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Key points.
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There's a signal word but it's a hidden signal word here.
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Since we last met.
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Okay?
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And the focus is on experience.
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So, past experience up to the present day.
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Since the last time we met until today.
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So the answer is, hey, long time no see.
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How have you been?
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How have you been since the last time we met?
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Hey, long time no see.
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How have you been?
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I'm very busy at work.
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The verb is once again the verb to be.
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Let's go.
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Key points.
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Signal word is hidden once again since we last met.
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The focus is on experience, the past experience up to the present day.
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So the answer is I have been very busy at work.
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Good job guys!
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If you want to learn more useful English, make sure to check out the two videos on the right hand side.
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Don't forget to like us and don't forget to subscribe.
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You're helping me a lot.
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Bye bye!
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Primeiras impressões: Por que esse vídeo é ótimo para prática de conversação em inglês
Esse vídeo sobre o present perfect é um material excepcional para quem quer melhorar a fala em inglês. Sua linguagem clara, exemplos cotidianos e explicação passo a passo o tornam perfeito para o método de shadowspeaks — uma técnica comprovada para treinar fluência e pronúncia. Ao combinar teoria com exemplos práticos, ele ajuda o aluno a entender não só a gramática, mas também como usar o tempo verbal de forma natural na conversação. Além disso, a velocidade moderada do narrador é ideal para quem está iniciando no shadowing em inglês, permitindo acompanhar e repetir sem stress.
Analisando os exemplos: Por que essas frases soam naturais
Vamos decompor três frases chave do vídeo que mostram como o present perfect é usado no dia a dia:
- "I have worked at McDonald's": A estrutura "have + verbo no particípio" é clara e direta, evitando detalhes desnecessários. A ausência de uma data específica (quando trabalhou) é típica do present perfect, que se concentra no resultado, não no momento. Isso faz a frase soar natural, pois na conversação real, muitas vezes não importa "quando", mas "se" algo aconteceu.
- "Liz hasn't seen the movie yet": O uso de "yet" (ainda) é um sinal claro de present perfect, indicando que a ação não foi concluída até o momento. Essa palavra-chave ajuda o ouvinte a entender que a situação pode mudar, tornando a frase dinâmica e contextualizada.
- "Have you ever been to Japan?": A pergunta com "ever" (alguma vez) é uma das formas mais comuns de usar o present perfect em conversas. Ela convida o interlocutor a compartilhar experiências passadas que ainda têm relevância no presente, o que torna a interação mais fluida e natural.
Rota de prática: Como usar o vídeo para treinar shadowing e pronúncia
Para transformar esse vídeo em uma ferramenta de prática de conversação em inglês, siga essa rotina de shadowing:
- Escute e observe: Assista o vídeo uma vez, prestando atenção à entonação e à pausa do narrador. Note como as palavras como "yet" e "ever" são enfatizadas.
- Repita imediatamente: Pause o vídeo após cada frase e repita-a em voz alta, tentando imitar a pronúncia e o ritmo. Isso ajuda a treinar o cérebro a associar sons e significados, melhorando a fluência.
- Gravando e comparando: Grave sua própria voz enquanto repete e compare com o áudio original. Isso permite identificar diferenças na pronúncia e ajustar detalhes, como a extensão de vogais ou a articulação de consoantes.
- Repita diariamente: Dedique 10 minutos por dia a esse exercício. Com o tempo, você notará que as frases fluem mais naturalmente e sua confiança na fala aumenta.
Aprender inglês com YouTube nunca foi tão eficaz: esse vídeo não só explica a gramática, mas também ensina a usar o present perfect de forma prática. Com essa rotina, você vai melhorar a pronúncia em inglês e se sentir mais confortável em conversas reais.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have worked · hasn't seen · have you ever been |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | is misunderstood · is unfinished · is hidden |
| Conselho com “should” should + verbo — dizer o que é uma boa ideia | should use · should know · should we eat |
| Verbo + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — verbos seguidos da forma em -ing | keep owning · finished eating |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.