Prática de Shadowing: The History of Time Measurement IELTS Listening Test with Answers - Aprenda a falar inglês com o YouTube

C1
Question 4.
⏸ Pausado
86 frases
Se as frases estiverem muito curtas ou longas, clique em Edit para ajustá-las.
1
Question 4.
2
You will hear part of a lecture about time measurement.
3
First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
4
Thank you.
5
Now, listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
6
Good morning, everyone.
7
Today, I'm going to talk about the research project I've been involved in on time measurement.
8
Do you know how time is measured?
9
Consider how we measure length and how,
10
with time, we encounter a difficulty.
11
Before we could grasp it,
12
it would slip through our fingers.
13
In fact, as we can see,
14
we are forced to have the resource to measure something else.
15
The movement of something in space or a set of movements in space.
16
All the methods that have been employed so far really measure time by a motion in space.
17
The measurement of time is no easy matter,
18
a scientific unit only arrived at after much thought and reflection.
19
As the most primitive form of measurement,
20
the sun seems to be natural.
21
Ever since man first noticed the regular movements of the sun and stars,
22
we have wondered about the passage of time.
23
Prehistoric people first recorded time according to the sun's position.
24
To start off, let us take noon,
25
which is when the Sun is on the meridian at the highest point of its course across the heavens,
26
and when it casts the shortest shadow.
27
But this measurement, which was regarded as a major one in ancient times,
28
was less important than the natural events that occurred.
29
The earliest natural events that had been recognized were in the heavens,
30
but during the course of the year there were many other events that indicated significant changes in the environment.
31
Seasonal winds and rains, the flooding of rivers,
32
the flowering of trees and plants,
33
and the breeding cycles or migration of animals all led to natural divisions of the year,
34
and the further observation and local customs led to the recognition of the seasons.
35
Years later, precise measurements were invented
36
because the passage of time was extremely important for astronomers
37
and priests who were responsible for determining the exact hour for daily rituals and for important religious festivals.
38
Apart from the connection with religion,
39
accurate time measurement was also related to the government,
40
since they divided the day or the night into different periods in order to regulate work and various events.
41
For thousands of years, devices had been used to measure and keep track of time.
42
The current sexagesimal system of time measurement dates back to approximately 2000 BCE from the Sumerians.
43
It was found that the earliest ancient timekeepers were mainly invented and used in Mesopotamia,
44
where the water clock was introduced from,
45
as well as in North Africa,
46
especially in the area of ancient Egypt.
47
So, now I'd like to introduce you to some of the most well-known ancient timekeepers,
48
as well as the disadvantages of them,
49
for which they were replaced by various new forms of clocks that were used afterwards.
50
A sun dial is a device that tells the time of day by the apparent positioning of the sun in the sky.
51
In the narrowest sense of the word,
52
it consists of a flat plate and a nomon which casts a shadow onto the dial.
53
As the sun appears to move across the sky,
54
the shadow aligns with different hour lines marked on the dial to indicate the time of day.
55
However, it was quickly noted that the length of the day varied at different times of the year,
56
therefore there could have been a difference between clock time and sundial time.
57
In addition, the sundial was of no use at night,
58
so a water clock was invented.
59
The water clock, or clepsydra,
60
appeared to have been invented around 1500 BCE
61
and was a device which relied on the steady flow of water from or into a container.
62
Measurements could be marked on the container or on a receptacle for the water.
63
It was reliable, but the water flow still depended on the variation of pressure
64
and temperature from the top of water in the container.
65
As the technology of glassblowing developed from some time in the 14th century,
66
it became possible to make sand glasses.
67
Originally, they were used as a measurement for periods of time like lamps or candles.
68
But as clocks became more accurate,
69
they were calibrated to measure specific periods of time.
70
The drawback, however, as you can imagine,
71
was the limited length of time they could measure.
72
The last timekeeper to be introduced is the fire candle clock.
73
Candle clocks took advantage of a simple concept,
74
the slow and consistent nature of a burning wax candle.
75
By utilizing this process, our ancestors were able to keep steady track of the time.
76
The clocks were created by engraving the length of the candle with evenly spaced markings.
77
Each marking represented a single unit of time,
78
and as the wax burned down, each hour would disappear.
79
However, the drafts and the variable quality of the wax mainly influenced the time of burning.
80
Like oil lamps,
81
candles were used to mark the passage of time from one event to another rather than tell the time of day.
82
That is the end of section 4.
83
You now have half a minute to check your answers.
84
That is the end of the listening test.
85
Please wait for the answers.
86
Thank you.

Baixar aplicativo

Pontuação por IA para cada frase que você fala

Escaneie para baixar
Escaneie para baixar
Download on theApp Store
Get it onGoogle Play
TRENDING

Populares

Contexto & Antecedentes

O vídeo "A História da Medição do Tempo" apresenta uma palestra envolvente sobre como a humanidade tem medido o tempo ao longo dos séculos. O palestrante inicia sua discussão explicando a complexidade do tempo como uma medida, enfatizando que, ao contrário de outras unidades de medida, o tempo é percebido de maneira mais sutil e muitas vezes escorregadio. Ele menciona a importância do movimento de corpos celestes, como o sol e as estrelas, na formação das primeiras medidas de tempo e como essa compreensão evoluiu ao longo da história. O objetivo é ajudar os ouvintes a refletirem sobre a precisão da medição do tempo desde tempos antigos, passando por instituições religiosas e governamentais. Essa base é fundamental para melhorar a compreensão do conteúdo para quem está praticando conversação em inglês.

As 5 Principais Frases para Comunicação Diária

  • “Do you know how time is measured?” - Esta frase pode ser utilizada para iniciar uma discussão sobre a importância do tempo.
  • “We have wondered about the passage of time.” - Refletir sobre a curiosidade humana de forma mais geral.
  • “The measurement of time is no easy matter.” - Usada para enfatizar a complexidade de certos conceitos.
  • “The earliest natural events that had been recognized were in the heavens.” - Boa para conversas sobre astronomia e natureza.
  • “Accurate time measurement was also related to the government.” - Pode gerar debates sobre a relação entre ciência e política.

Guia Passo-a-Passo para Shadowing

O shadowing em inglês é uma técnica eficaz para melhorar a pronúncia e compreensão oral. Para aproveitar este vídeo ao máximo e integrar o shadowspeak nas suas práticas, siga este guia passo a passo:

  1. Ouça atentamente: Antes de tentar repetir as falas, ouça a palestra completamente para entender o contexto e as nuances do discurso.
  2. Transcreva as partes que você acha mais difíceis: Escolha as frases mencionadas acima e escreva-as. Essa prática ajudará a reconhecer padrões na estrutura da frase.
  3. Repita em voz alta: Faça som com a sua voz, imitando o tom e a entonação do palestrante. Tente capturar as emoções presentes nas declarações.
  4. Grave-se: Ao praticar, grave sua voz e ouça as gravações. Isso permitirá que você identifique áreas de melhoria e comparar sua pronúncia com a do palestrante.
  5. Pratique regularmente: Consistência é a chave. Exercite-se diariamente com diferentes partes do vídeo para que se torne mais confortável e confiante na sua conversação.

Com dedicação e prática, você verá uma melhoria significativa na sua pronúncia em inglês e na sua capacidade de praticar a conversação em inglês de forma mais fluente e natural.

O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?

Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.

☕ Pague-nos um café