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Reading stories is the best way to improve your language skills.

Today, we're going to continue to read this very famous book, The Wizard of Oz.

This is part two.

Today, I'm going to read this book with you, and I'm going to explain the English as we go.

My name is Eric.

I have been an English teacher for many years.

I am also a narrator.

And today we're going to look at new vocabulary, new grammar, and we're going to understand the story as we go.

If you liked the first video and if you enjoyed this video,

make sure that you like the video on YouTube and that you subscribe to this channel for more content like this.

Let me know where you're watching from in the comments and what your first language is.

Last time we started with the cyclone.

Dorothy, our main character, was picked up by the cyclone.

Again, a cyclone is a tornado.

Dorothy was in her house with her dog, Toto.

and the house was picked up by the tornado, by the cyclone.

And so where we stopped was right here on page five.

We're almost done, chapter one.

And so here the house was whirled around, was spinning again, whirling, is turning.

The house was whirled around two or three times and rose slowly through the air.

The house is rising in the storm.

Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon.

So it's not a balloon, it's a house, but it feels like it's a balloon.

And we saw that she's in the center of the cyclone, the center of the storm.

We call that the eye of the storm, where everything is still.

Still means not moving.

In the middle of a cyclone, the air is generally still.

But the house rises up in the middle of the storm.

And then we come to new stuff.

Let's begin.

It was very dark, and the wind howled horribly around her, but Dorothy found she was riding quite easily.

After the first few whirls around, and one other time when the house tipped badly, she felt as if she were being rocked gently, like a baby in a cradle.

So, some things to talk about.

Howl.

The wind howled.

Howling is the sound that a wolf makes.

A-woo, a-woo.

That's howling.

And so if the wind howls, it means you can hear it like a voice, like a voice.

So the wind sounds bad, sounds bad.

She found she was riding quite easily.

Things are okay.

After the first few spins, whirls, turns around, and one other time when the house tipped badly,

she felt as if she were being rocked gently.

Okay, so let's come back to as if again.

This is always important when you see as if.

It means that there's something coming which is not real.

So we saw this here.

Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon.

There is no balloon.

That's what I mean by unreal or not real.

The balloon is hypothetical.

It's not a real balloon.

So as and if together are a trigger.

for a unreal statement.

So here she felt as if she were being rocked gently, like a baby in a cradle.

She's not a baby.

She's not in a cradle.

And she's not being rocked.

This is a sort of a imagination here.

She's imagining this.

A cradle is a small, small bed. for a baby.

Something like that.

Very, very, very small.

The baby is going to be in there like that.

It can rock, right?

It can rock.

Rocking being moving back and forth.

Toto did not like it.

He ran about the room, now here, now there, barking loudly.

But Dorothy sat quite still on the floor and waited to see what would happen.

So again, still here means not moving.

She's sitting still.

To sit still is to not move.

Here, the word about means around.

Around.

That's very common.

Very, very common in books and in British English to say about when we mean around.

This book is an American book, as far as I know,

but around in British English today is a little bit more common with this meaning, about, about.

Now here, now there, barking loudly, but Dorothy sat quite still on the floor and waited to see what would happen.

Remember that would here is like will, but in the past.

So if I'm talking about right now, Dorothy is sitting quite still on the floor and waiting to see what will happen.

But because we had sat, past tense, waited, past tense, we need to take will and put it into would.

We need to make it would.

So that's the future of the past.

once Toto got too near the open trap door he fell

in that's not good what's a trap door what's a trap

door hold on let's go back a trap door is a door in the floor and

so they have a door in the floor down into the

cellar the cellar is the space under the house where they can be safe

but the house was picked up by the storm the house has gone up into the storm so there's no cellar

there's no cellar just a trap door just a hole this is bad this is not good

Toto got too near the open trap door and he fell in

and at first the little girl thought she had lost him this is not good not good

but soon she saw one of his ears sticking up through the hole

for the strong pressure of the air was keeping him up so that he could not fall.

Hmm.

100

This is what we're talking about right here.

101

The pressure of the air has held him up so that he doesn't fall.

102

The air is pushing him up, so he's not falling.

103

Here we have, again, the word for being used to mean because.

104

And we're going to see that many, many, many times in this book.

105

The word for meaning because.

106

So she saw one of his ears sticking up through the hole because the air kept him up.

107

She crept to the hole, caught Toto by the ear, and dragged him into the room again.

108

Afterward closing the trap door so that no more accidents could happen.

109

Afterward just means after.

110

Crept.

111

Crept.

112

Present tense of crept is creep.

113

So to creep is to walk very carefully or slowly like a spider, something like that, creeping, creeping along.

114

So she's scared.

115

She's frightened.

116

So she's moving very slowly.

117

Hour after hour passed away, and slowly Dorothy got over her fright.

118

Nice semicolon.

119

We can make a little division there.

120

her fright.

121

Her fright.

122

Fright is fear.

123

Especially of something which is happening now.

124

Fear.

125

I could have fear for something that might happen in the future, but fright is probably something that's happening right now.

126

It's immediate.

127

It's in the present.

128

She got over her fear.

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get over that's a nice phrasal verb for us

130

so she moves on past her fear she lets her fear go

131

but she felt quite lonely and the wind shrieked

132

so loudly all about her that she nearly became deaf shrieked his scream about we saw

133

that before about means around here so the wind is everywhere that she nearly became deaf.

134

Deaf means that somebody cannot hear.

135

Deaf means someone cannot hear.

136

At first, she had wondered if she would be dashed to pieces when the house fell again.

137

So, dashed, hear, means something like smashed, destroyed, broken smashed,

138

smashed, smashed to pieces, destroyed.

139

She wondered if she would be dashed to pieces when the house fell again.

140

If here shows us that this whole thing,

141

if she would be dashed to pieces when the house fell again is what we call an indirect question.

142

And so you could also use the word weather here.

143

W-h-e-t-h-e-r, weather.

144

We will come back to this.

145

But my point now is this is not a conditional.

146

But as the hours passed and nothing terrible happened,

147

she stopped worrying and resolved to wait calmly and see what the future would bring.

148

At last she crawled over the swaying floor to her bed and lay down upon it, and Toto followed and lay down beside her.

149

In spite of the swaying of the house and the wailing of the wind, Dorothy soon closed her eyes and fell fast asleep.

150

So here, fast does not mean fast.

151

Fast asleep means very asleep.

152

Fast usually does not mean very.

153

But here, it means something like totally asleep.

154

Totally asleep.

155

Okay, anything else here?

156

Crawl on all fours, as in hands and feet down on the ground.

157

And the swaying floor, swaying is moving back and forth, swaying like grass in the wind.

158

Swaying, swaying, or a tree in the wind.

159

so things are still moving.

160

The house is still up in the air, but she fell asleep.

161

She fell asleep.

162

Okay, chapter one is finished.

163

Congratulations.

164

You made it through chapter one.

165

You made it through chapter one.

166

Let's get on to the next chapter, chapter two.

167

The council with the munchkins.

168

The council with the munchkins.

169

Council being a gathering of people to make a decision.

170

Like the town council is people who sit together in a room and make decisions.

171

What are munchkins?

172

We will see.

173

We will see.

174

What is a munchkin?

175

We will see.

176

She was awakened by a shock so sudden and severe that if Dorothy had not been lying on the soft bed, she might have been hurt.

177

Okay.

178

Here we have a conditional sentence.

179

If Dorothy had not been lying on the soft bed, she might have been hurt.

180

Was she lying on the bed?

181

Yes. Was she hurt?

182

No. So this is what we call a past unreal conditional.

183

Some of you might know this as a third conditional, but past unreal is a better name for it.

184

Because she was lying on the bed, it says not, right?

185

Not been lying on the bed, so that means that she was.

186

That's what I mean by unreal.

187

She might have been hurt.

188

She wasn't hurt. So that's unreal.

189

And this happened in the past.

190

So this is hypothetical in the past. So she's okay.

191

She's okay.

192

She was awakened very abruptly.

193

It was a shock.

194

It was a surprise.

195

But she's okay.

196

As it was, the jar made her catch her breath and wonder what had happened.

197

And Toto put his cold little nose into her face and whined dismally.

198

The jar.

199

The jar.

200

A jar is when things move a lot.

201

When things move quickly, like a plane landing sometimes is jarring, or if you're in a car and you turn too fast,

202

it's jarring, something moves quickly.

203

That's jar.

204

So here, this is not a jar like a jar of jelly or jam.

205

This is a jar like a feeling of movement, quick movement.

206

Made her catch her breath.

207

This is an idiom.

208

Catching your breath is like that, right?

209

So it's surprise and wonder what had happened.

210

And Toto put his cold little nose into her face and whined.

211

Whining is like dogs do when they're afraid.

212

Dismally is very, very sadly.

213

Very, very sadly.

214

Dorothy sat up and noticed that the house was not moving, nor was it dark, for the bright sunshine came in at the window,

215

flooding the little room.

216

So sometimes we talk about light flooding.

217

Of course, if water floods, this is a bad thing.

218

There's too much water.

219

But if light is flooding something.

220

It's great.

221

Lots of light.

222

Lots of light.

223

Also, again, for means because here, because the bright sunshine came in at the window.

224

She sprang from her bed and with Toto at her heels ran and opened the door.

225

Sprang, spring,

226

sprang sprung this is a verb to spring is to jump

227

is to jump spring this is why the season of

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spring is called spring well what's jumping flowers plants all kinds

229

of things are jumping up that's why spring is called spring they spring up.

230

So she sprang from the bed and with Toto at her heels ran and opened the door,

231

the heel of course being the back of the foot right there is the heel.

232

The dog is very close.

233

The little girl gave a cry of amazement and looked about her, her eyes growing bigger and bigger at the wonderful sight she saw.

234

The cyclone had set the house down very gently for a cyclone in the midst of a country of marvelous beauty.

235

There were lovely patches of green sward all about, with stately trees bearing rich and luscious fruits.

236

Okay.

237

So, marvelous is an old word for wonderful.

238

Sometimes people use it today.

239

Oh, marvelous, marvelous, marvelous, but it's not so common anymore.

240

There were lovely patches of green sward.

241

Sward is a very old word you do not need to know.

242

It means grass here.

243

It's an area of green grass.

244

With stately trees, stately, it sounds like they are very elegant,

245

elegant, very special trees, very nice trees.

246

Stately makes me think of kings and queens and courts and the way that people walk when they are very,

247

very important people when they believe they are very important people.

248

That would be stately, stately trees bearing rich and luscious fruits.

249

Luscious here.

250

Something like delicious, full of moisture, lush.

251

It's a good thing.

252

It's a positive thing.

253

Banks of gorgeous flowers were on every hand, and birds with rare and brilliant plumage sang and fluttered in the trees and bushes.

254

On every hand is another way of saying around, around us.

255

So you right hand, left hand, on the right hand side, on the left hand side, on every hand.

256

They're all around, all around.

257

Plumage is the feathers of a bird.

258

The feathers of a bird.

259

Can I draw a feather?

260

Yeah, there's a feather.

261

Not bad, not bad.

262

That would be a a feather.

263

So plumage is the feathers of a bird.

264

So brilliant plumage, very bright, beautiful plumage.

265

And fluttered in the trees and bushes.

266

Fluttering is what birds do when they fly.

267

Their wings are fluttering.

268

We can talk about the leaves in the trees fluttering in the wind.

269

and if you see someone that you love, you might have a flutter in your heart, romantic love, you might have a flutter in your heart.

270

A little way off was a small brook, rushing and sparkling along between green banks

271

and murmuring in a voice very grateful to a little girl who had lived so long in the dry, gray prairies.

272

So a brook is a river, a very small river.

273

Something very, very, very thin is a brook,

274

a small river, rushing and sparkling along between green banks and murmuring.

275

Murmuring is speaking.

276

So murmuring is a soft kind of speaking, kind of like this, when there's lots of people talking at the same time, like a crowd murmurs.

277

In a voice very grateful.

278

So grateful today means that I'm happy for something happy for something, I'm grateful towards someone means I'm saying thank you.

279

But here, the voice of the river, it just sounds good.

280

She is grateful to the sound of the river

281

or grateful for the sound of the river because she comes from the prairies.

282

Again, we saw this before the prairies are a area of flat land in the west of North America.

283

While she stood looking eagerly at the strange and beautiful sights, she noticed coming toward her a group of the queerest people she had ever seen.

284

Queer, in a book like this, means strange.

285

It means strange.

286

The queerest people she had ever seen, the strangest people she had ever seen.

287

They were not as big as the grown folk she had always been used to, but neither were they very small.

288

In fact, they seemed about as tall as Dorothy, who was a well-grown child for her age,

289

although they were, so far as looks go, many years older.

290

So here, grown is an adjective.

291

You have grow, grew, grown.

292

That's the verb.

293

You take the third form of the verb and you can use it as an adjective just like bore,

294

bored, bored, or excited, excite, excited, excited.

295

That's an adjective there.

296

You take the third form.

297

So they're short but they're not young.

298

They're short but not young.

299

Three were men and one a woman

300

and all were oddly dressed odd of course means strange odd means strange they wore round hats

301

that rose to a small point a foot above their heads

302

so let's imagine that there's somebody's head and they have round hats

303

that rise to a small point a foot above their head so i'm guessing it's something like this.

304

Kind of a classic wizard hat, but these are not wizards.

305

These are munchkins.

306

The munchkins is what we're describing here.

307

They wore round hats that rose to a small point a foot above their heads with little bells around the brim,

308

some bells around the brim, that tinkled sweetly as they moved.

309

The brim of a hat is this part.

310

Right at the top of your face

311

and the back of your head around the bottom of the hat is the brim that tinkled sweetly as they moved.

312

Tinkling here is the sound of small bells.

313

Water can tinkle.

314

A wind chime could tinkle.

315

The hats of the men were blue.

316

The little woman's hat was white, and she wore a white gown that hung in plates from her shoulders.

317

Nice semicolon for our division here.

318

Let's talk about plates for a second.

319

Plates means something is interwoven.

320

Interwoven.

321

So I will see if I can draw something here for plates.

322

Interwoven.

323

So sometimes people with long hair will tie their hair together in a braid, like a rope.

324

And another way to talk about braiding is plating.

325

Plating.

326

So that's what that is.

327

In British English, this is pronounced plaits, but in American English, plates.

328

Over it.

329

So over the gown.

330

A gown.

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A gown is a dress.

332

A dress.

333

over it were sprinkled little stars

334

that glistened in the sun like diamonds the men were dressed in blue of the same shade as their hats

335

and wore well polished boots with a deep roll of blue at the tops The men, Dorothy thought, were about as old as Uncle Henry,

336

for two of them had beards.

337

Again, for means because.

338

You see how common that is, that for means because, in books, not in modern speech, but in books.

339

But the little woman was doubtless much older.

340

So, doubtless, without a doubt, without any suspicion, without any doubt, we think this is certainly true,

341

that the little woman is much older than the men.

342

Her face was covered with wrinkles, and her hair was nearly white, and she walked rather stiffly.

343

Wrinkles.

344

You imagine at the side of someone's face.

345

Here's the eyes.

346

There's a nose and a mouth.

347

Wrinkles would be the little tiny lines in the skin that people get, sometimes at the corners of their mouths,

348

or the corners of their eyes.

349

Wrinkles are lines.

350

Lines.

351

This is showing that she's much older.

352

When these people drew near the house where Dorothy was standing in the doorway, they paused and whispered among themselves,

353

as if afraid to come farther. As if.

354

Again, always notice as if.

355

When we talked about as if before, we saw that as if means something is unreal or hypothetical.

356

She felt as if she were going up in a balloon.

357

And we also had this again right here.

358

She felt as if she were being rocked gently.

359

And so she wasn't being rocked gently.

360

There is no balloon.

361

But here, as if afraid to come further,

362

we don't know if she's afraid so it is hypothetical

363

but it's not contrafactual because we're not imagining this we think we see it

364

so there's a little difference there but as if is still showing us

365

that this is not a fact we don't know if she's afraid But the little woman walked up to Dorothy,

366

made a low bow, and said in a sweet voice, You are welcome, most noble sorceress, to the land of the munchkins.

367

We are so grateful to you for having killed the wicked witch of the east, and for setting our people free from bondage.

368

Okay, a bow is when someone puts their head down, there's a person, and they are bowing.

369

When the head goes down as a sign of respect for somebody else, maybe there's a very important person here,

370

and so this person is bowing. To bow.

371

Of course, this could also be bow, which is a word for this, right?

372

You have a bow and you have an arrow. So is it bow?

373

Is it bow? So, context, context, context.

374

The three rules of interpretation are context, context, context.

375

A word by itself means nothing.

376

You need to have the sentence, the paragraph, the page, and the book, which is why it's so important to use stories for learning.

377

And of course, if you like doing that, subscribe to the channel.

378

Let me know below. So, most noble sorceress.

379

A sorceress is someone who does magic.

380

Someone who does magic.

381

The S ending here, S, is used for women.

382

So, in a way, sorceress means a witch.

383

A witch.

384

So grateful for having killed the wicked witch of the East.

385

What?

386

This is new.

387

This is new information for us.

388

Who's the Wicked Witch of the East?

389

We don't know.

390

We don't know yet.

391

We don't know. And killed?

392

What?

393

We don't know.

394

And set our people free from bondage.

395

Bondage is, for example, if someone is arrested and their hands go into handcuffs right here's some hands in handcuffs.

396

I am not an artist, my friends, but those are hands in handcuffs.

397

So that's bondage.

398

So the wicked witch of the East, this is not a good person.

399

Wicked means evil here.

400

Notice two syllables.

401

Wicked.

402

Wicked.

403

It's not wicked.

404

Wicked is something else.

405

This is Wicked, the Wicked Witch of the East.

406

So Dorothy has helped them somehow.

407

Apparently she's killed this witch person.

408

Let's find out who the witch was and how did she kill her.

409

Dorothy listened to this speech with wonder. With wonder.

410

It means she's saying, Wow.

411

Wow.

412

What could the little woman possibly mean by calling her a sorceress

413

and saying she had killed the Wicked Witch of the East?

414

Dorthry was an innocent, harmless little girl who had been carried by a cyclone many miles from home, and she had never killed anything in all her life.

415

Innocent and harmless.

416

Innocent means she's like a child.

417

She is a child.

418

Someone who's innocent has done nothing wrong.

419

Has done nothing wrong.

420

Harmless.

421

Well, harm is pain or hurt or bad things happening to someone,

422

evil happening to someone.

423

And so harmless means she causes no harm.

424

She causes no harm.

425

But the little woman evidently expected her to answer.

426

Evidently is another way to say apparently or seemingly.

427

So it looks like the little woman wants her to answer.

428

So Dorothy said with hesitation,

429

so slowly, you are very kind,

430

but there must be some mistake.

431

I have not killed anything.

432

so she's hesitating she's hesitating you are very kind hesitating see going going slowly

433

and there's an image of what we're talking about there's the

434

man there's the old woman toto dorothy i'm the witch of

435

the north hmm let's see let's see what that's talking about your house did anyway, replied the little old woman with a laugh,

436

and that is the same thing.

437

See, she continued, pointing to the corner of the house, there are her two toes still sticking out from under a block of wood.

438

So the house, they don't show us this, but the corner of the house where it landed on the ground,

439

here's the house, has two little feet sticking out from underneath it.

440

So the house killed someone, killed the Wicked Witch of the East.

441

Dorothy looked and gave a little cry of fright.

442

Fright again means she's scared.

443

There, indeed, just under the corner of the great beam the house rested on, two feet were sticking out, shod in silver shoes with pointed toes.

444

a beam is a long piece of wood a long strong piece of wood

445

and shod shod this is not so common anymore

446

but shod means wearing somebody's wearing something especially a shoe especially a shoe shod and silver shoes so she's wearing silver shoes

447

Oh dear, oh dear, cried Dorothy, clasping her hands together in dismay.

448

The house must have fallen on her.

449

Whatever shall we do?

450

So clasping her hands together.

451

Clasping is like this.

452

Clasping, clasping.

453

So she's, oh no, oh no, whatever shall we do?

454

Now, grammar time, grammar time.

455

The house must have fallen.

456

Three pieces must have fallen.

457

What does must mean?

458

Must, when we're speaking about the present time, can mean two things.

459

And when we're speaking about the past time, it means only one thing.

460

Usually.

461

Usually.

462

So if we're speaking about the present, must can mean that you should do something.

463

Like, you must try this tea.

464

It's amazing.

465

You must try it.

466

It's such a good tea.

467

In fact, I must take a drink.

468

Fantastic tea.

469

But must can also mean that I'm making a guess about something.

470

I'm making a guess.

471

So right now, you must be watching this on a screen. On a screen.

472

So I think logically, you must be watching this on a screen.

473

That is not should.

474

It's a guess when I have confidence.

475

I'm sure that you're watching this on a screen.

476

There's no other way to watch it.

477

So you must be watching on a screen.

478

So when we talk about the past and we use must,

479

almost always in modern English must means I'm making a confident guess

480

so we see that there's defeat here and

481

so we think logically the house must have fallen on this

482

person that's my confident guess I think the house fell on her must have fallen

483

so this is making a confident guess whatever shall we do

484

there is nothing to be done said the little woman calmly

485

but who was she asked dorothy she was the wicked witch

486

of the east as i said answered the little woman she

487

has held all the munchkins in bondage for many years making them slave for her night

488

and day now they are all set free

489

and are grateful to you for the favor so again bondage we saw that on the last page, means that people are forced to do things they don't want to do.

490

Maybe they are actually physically bound, like in handcuffs.

491

Notice here that slave is a verb.

492

To slave is to work for someone else, is to be a slave.

493

I say work, but work without being paid, right, to be a slave.

494

Who are the munchkins? inquired Dorothy.

495

Inquire, it's just a word that means ask.

496

They are the people who live in this land of the east, where the wicked witch ruled.

497

Are you a munchkin? asked Dorothy.

498

No, but I am their friend, although I live in the land of the north.

499

Aha, so she must be the witch of the north.

500

When they saw the witch of the east was dead, the Munchkins sent a swift.

501

Swift means fast, like Taylor Swift, means fast.

502

They sent a fast messenger to me, and I came at once. At once?

503

It's a very literary way of saying immediately, right now, I am the Witch of the North.

504

Oh gracious, cried Dorothy Are you a real witch?

505

Gracious here Goodness gracious Means I'm surprised by something Oh wow,

506

oh golly gee Yes, indeed, answered the little woman

507

But I am a good witch

508

And the people love me I am not as powerful as the wicked witch was Who ruled here

509

Or I should have set the people free myself Here, should have really means would have in modern English,

510

or I should say in modern spoken English in North America, means would have.

511

If she could have, she would have.

512

So this, again, is a contrafactual past statement.

513

She didn't set them free.

514

She didn't set them free, but she would have if she could have.

515

But I thought all witches were wicked, said the girl, who was half frightened at facing a real witch.

516

Oh no, that is a great mistake.

517

There were only four witches in all the land of Oz, and two of them, those who live in the north and south, are good witches.

518

I know this is true, for, because, I am one of them myself, and cannot be mistaken.

519

Those who dwelt in the east and the west were, indeed, wicked witches.

520

But now that you have killed one of them, there is but one wicked witch in all the land of Oz, the one who lives in the West.

521

So notice that here we have two different versions of the word but.

522

But can mean something like however or additionally for a contrast, right?

523

I like tea, but I drink too much tea.

524

But here, there is but one.

525

Only is what but means here.

526

And that's quite common in writing, especially when someone like a witch is talking.

527

It sounds a little more formal.

528

But, said Dorothy, after a moment's thought, Aunt M has told me that the witches were all dead years and years ago.

529

Who is Aunt Em? inquired the little old woman.

530

She is my aunt who lives in Kansas where I come from.

531

So we are, let's see, we're almost through chapter two.

532

Of course, if you are enjoying these videos, please do comment below, like the video,

533

subscribe to the channel, and I would be happy to make lots more content like this.

534

If there are books that you want me to do, comment below.

535

Also tell me where you're from, what your first language is, why you're learning English, and if you have any questions about these books,

536

please comment below and let me know.

537

Thanks for watching.

538

I'll see you next time.

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FOR YOU

Почему тренироваться в говорении с этим видео?

Видео «Learn English with a Book | The Wizard of Oz» — отличная платформа для практики shadow speak (т.е. повторения за носителем в реальном времени). Слушая и повторяя рассказ Эрика, вы погружаетесь в естественный контекст, привыкаете к ритму и интонации разговорного английского, а также усваиваете новые слова в живой ситуации. Это эффективнее, чем сухое заучивание — вы сразу видите, как использовать выражения в речи. А для тех, кто хочет улучшить произношение английского, такой формат идеален: вы копируете артикуляцию и акцент носителя, что помогает избавиться от акцента.

Грамматика и выражения в контексте

В видео представлены несколько ключевых структур, которые стоит освоить:

As if — используется для выражения нереального сравнения. Например: «Dorothy felt as if she were going up in a balloon» (Дороти чувствовала, как будто она поднимается на воздушном шаре). Обратите внимание: после as if часто используется прошедшее время, даже если речь идет о настоящем.
Глаголы с предлогами: «rose slowly through the air» (медленно поднималась в воздух). Сочетания глаголов и предлогов — основа разговорного английского, их нужно запоминать в контексте.
Описательные глаголы: «the wind howled» (ветер воевал). Howl обычно ассоциируется с вой волка, но здесь он передаёт звук ветра — такой метафорческий uso делает речь живой.

Трудные моменты в произношении

Некоторые слова в видео могут вызвать сложности:

Cyclone (циклон) — акцент на первом слоге, произносится как /ˈsaɪkloʊn/, а не /saɪˈkloʊn/.
Howled (воевал) — конечная «ed» произносится как /d/, так как глагол заканчивается на гласный звук: /haʊld/.
Gently (нежно) — не путайте с «gentle» (нежный), здесь добавляется суффикс «ly», и произношение меняется: /ˈdʒɛntli/.

Для тренировки shadowspeaks рекомендуется повторять фразы после Эрика, стараясь совпадать по темпу и интонации. Это поможет автоматизировать правильное произношение и сделать речь более естественной.

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	have been · has gone · has held
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	was picked · was whirled · being rocked
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	coming which is · something which is · people who sit
Past Continuous was/were + -ing — действие, которое длилось в определённый момент прошлого	was spinning · was riding · was keeping

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: Learn English with a Book | The Wizard of Oz | Deep Work Session | Part 2 - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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Почему тренироваться в говорении с этим видео?

Грамматика и выражения в контексте

Трудные моменты в произношении

Грамматика в этом видео

Что такое техника Shadowing?