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As you know, the best way to improve your language skills is through reading.

The best way to improve your vocabulary and your grammar and to review everything you've already learned is by reading stories.

So today we will continue our journey through The Great Gatsby by F.

Scott Fitzgerald, one of the most famous books ever written in English.

My name is Eric and I am an English teacher

and I'm going to continue our journey through this book with you today.

Last time we just did two pages.

This time we'll go a little bit faster and so if you have any questions please comment below.

Let's begin.

My family have been prominent well -to -do people in this middle western city for three generations.

The Caraways are something of a clan, and we have a tradition that were descended from the Dukes of Buclue.

But the actual founder of my line was my grandfather's brother, who came here in 51, sent a substitute to the Civil War,

and started the wholesale hardware business that my father carries on today. So, prominent.

This means, let's say, socially important.

Well -respected, famous, well -known, prominent, well -to -do.

Well -to -do is another way to say rich.

So his family is famous and rich in this middle western city.

The Midwest of America is around Illinois, that area.

So I believe he's from Chicago, but we'll see because we just see middle western city.

His name is Nick Carraway, so the Carraways is his family.

There's something of a clan.

A clan, well this has a few different meanings.

It's kind of like an extended family, but it's also a kind of political unit, more like a tribe.

In Scotland the clans are very very important.

They're the big families.

And why am I mentioning Scotland?

Well the dukes of Becluw, this is I believe an area in Scotland, so we're descended from.

Descended from means that these people, these dukes, are his ancestors.

So if we had a family tree, we would see that he's descended from these people.

But the actual founder of my line, the real founder of my line, that is my family line,

was my grandfather's brother who came here in 51.

51. When is that?

Well, that's actually 1851, because this book takes place in the 1920s.

And so 51 is not 1951, because 1951 is in the future.

So this is 1851.

Sent a substitute to the Civil War.

The American Civil War was not very long ago.

It's a very important cultural context to remember

when we're talking about American culture is that the Civil War where the North

and the South fought against each other was not actually very long ago.

But he didn't fight in the Civil War.

His grandfather's brother didn't actually fight in the Civil War.

He sent a substitute.

Someone went instead of him and started the wholesale hardware business.

So wholesale means large amounts at low prices.

A good example of this today would be Costco, a very very famous place,

store that you can go to in America and other places, which has large amounts of things at low prices.

You can save money, but you have to buy a huge amount of something at Costco.

So it's a hardware business hardware would be things related to construction and fixing things.

And his father carries on that business.

Carries on is continue.

That's why we have those famous posters from the Second World War.

Keep calm and carry on.

It is continue.

Continue your life is the idea.

I just want to take a moment to say thanks to everyone who's commenting, encouraging me, asking questions, and to all of my subscribers.

I never saw this great uncle.

So, of course, the great uncle is the grandfather's brother.

The great uncle.

But I'm supposed to look like him, with special reference to the rather hard -boiled painting that hangs in father's office.

I'm supposed to look like him.

So, supposed here would mean thought.

People think he looks like him.

But this is actually something I'm going to recommend you spend more time on.

Supposed to do.

Because it's very common for people to make mistakes or to misunderstand what a native speaker means here.

Because supposed Notice that I'm not even saying the uh sound there, I'm just saying supposed to.

Sposed is kind of how it sounds.

Really means something more like should.

You're not supposed to do that.

It means you shouldn't do that.

You're not supposed to drink coffee at night, so I'm having some water instead.

Supposed to do means should do.

But here it doesn't really make sense to think of this as should.

So in this case, this is just thought to.

People say he looks like him.

With special reference to the rather hard -boiled painting.

So this is kind of an idiom here.

Hard -boiled has to do with someone looking very serious and strong and rough.

Let's say serious in this case.

But of course, hard -boiled is referring to eggs.

If you boil an egg in the shell, it's a hard -boiled egg.

Hard -boiled egg.

So it really means not showing very much emotion, being serious.

And so he looks like his great uncle, specifically the hard -boiled version of his great uncle.

I graduated from New Haven in 1915, just a quarter of a century after my father,

and a little later I participated in that delayed Teutonic migration known as the Great War.

This is an important fact that the First World War,

World War I, is also called the Great War.

The Great War.

Teutonic here is referring to the Germans.

Teutonic migration.

German people's moving around is what he's calling the Great War.

It's an interesting way to talk of it.

I enjoyed the counter -rage so thoroughly that I came back restless.

So a counter raid is an attack in response to an attack.

An attack in response to an attack.

Think of counter as being contra. As in contradict.

Contra means against.

100

So both of these mean against.

101

So it's a response, it's against a raid.

102

A raid is an attack.

103

So he might be talking about the response or individual raids during his time as a soldier.

104

So this confirms what we said over here, that this was probably about the war,

105

that he wanted the world to be in uniform.

106

He wanted a sort of moral attention forever.

107

He wanted people to be more serious. So we were right.

108

He was fighting in the war.

109

So he enjoyed fighting so much, so thoroughly, thoroughly.

110

thoroughly, that is completely or totally, that he came back restless.

111

Restless means that someone really wants to do stuff.

112

They don't want to rest.

113

They want to just do something. So, restless.

114

Instead of being the warm center of the world, the Middle West now seemed like the ragged edge of the universe.

115

So I decided to go east and learn the bond business.

116

The Middle West, again, that's the area where he is in the middle of America. And the ragged edge.

117

Notice I said ragged, two syllables.

118

It's not ragged, it's ragged.

119

Ragged.

120

So ragged really means that something is worn out by use worn out by use.

121

So for example, a very old sock, a very old shirt, could be ragged.

122

If we're talking about people, it means they're very tired and they don't look so healthy.

123

So the ragged edge of the universe.

124

So this is negative.

125

He's not happy about where he lives.

126

So, that is, therefore, if you've never studied the word so,

127

I would highly recommend that you do that after this video.

128

Do a word study on so and write yourself an example of every different use of the word so.

129

Because so can be used for the result of something, for the purpose of something, and for the degree of something,

130

like it's so cold outside, something like that.

131

But here it has to do with therefore.

132

So because the Middle West is kind of boring.

133

Seems like it's on the periphery of things, the ragged edge.

134

He decides to go east and learn the bond business.

135

A bond.

136

Bond has lots of words, lots of meanings,

137

and bond here is talking about an official piece of paper which tells you that you've lent money to the government.

138

Paper for Or lending, or a company.

139

Lending money.

140

So you can redeem that.

141

You've invested in the government or in a business.

142

A bond.

143

A bond.

144

Everybody knew I was in the bond business, so I supposed it could support one more single man.

145

So again, here means therefore.

146

Supposed here just means thought.

147

But this time it just means thought.

148

How do you decide the meaning of a word?

149

If a word has more than one meaning.

150

We said that supposed can mean should, supposed to.

151

How do you decide what a word means?

152

The three rules of understanding, of interpretation, are context, context, and context.

153

I'm not being funny.

154

It's true.

155

Context trumps all.

156

Context is the most important thing when you're trying to understand what something means.

157

All my aunts and uncles talked it over as if they were choosing a prep school for me, and finally said, why, yes,

158

with very grave, hesitant faces.

159

To talk it over is to discuss it.

160

That's a phrasal verb.

161

Talk something over.

162

They talked it over as if they were choosing a prep school for me.

163

Prep is preparatory for preparation.

164

As if, as though.

165

So are they choosing a prep school?

166

Are they choosing a prep school?

167

No. As if means that something is hypothetical.

168

This is another phrase that you should do a study on

169

or ask me about in the comments as if this is for hypotheticals.

170

It is not a conditional.

171

And they finally said, why yes.

172

with very grave, hesitant faces.

173

So here grave is an adjective.

174

Grave.

175

And if you're trying to understand it, think about gravity.

176

Gravity is weight, what brings us down to the earth.

177

Grave means serious.

178

heavy in an emotional way.

179

So their faces look very serious.

180

Hesitant means you don't want to do something.

181

You're you're hesitating.

182

You're holding back.

183

Father agreed to finance me for a year and after various delays I came east permanently.

184

I thought in the spring of 22.

185

So permanently, I thought it would be permanently.

186

So maybe he leaves.

187

We don't know yet.

188

In the spring of 1922.

189

In English, you probably know it's very common to talk about years by just saying 22,

190

53, 55, etc. And it was true to talk about the previous century that way as well.

191

But we have not started to say 21 and 22 to talk about 2021 and 2022.

192

So if someone says 22, they're probably talking about 1922.

193

So his father is giving him money,

194

he's financing him to help him start in the bond business in the East, New York.

195

The practical thing was to find rooms in the city.

196

So if we're talking about New York City, the city is Manhattan.

197

So if someone lives in, let's say, Brooklyn, and they say they're going to the city,

198

well, they already live in a city, but the city is Manhattan.

199

Now, if I say I'm going to the city, I don't mean Manhattan.

200

I mean whatever big city is near me.

201

Whatever big city is near me.

202

I live in Canada, so the city is Toronto or Montreal, something like that. But here, it's Manhattan.

203

But it was a warm season, and I had just left a country of wide lawns and friendly trees.

204

So when a man, a young man, at the office suggested that we take a house together in a commuting town,

205

it sounded like a great idea.

206

So, in a commuting town, commuting is driving to work.

207

So you have the city, wherever that is, and you have the commuting town.

208

Another term for this is a bedroom community.

209

A bedroom community.

210

Because people live there, but they work somewhere else.

211

He found the house, a weather -beaten cardboard bungalow at 80 a month, but at the last minute the firm ordered him to Washington,

212

and I set out to the country alone.

213

Weather beaten.

214

Beat, beat, beaten.

215

So this is literally hit by the weather, so it's damaged by the weather.

216

Cardboard is a particular type of material.

217

A bungalow is a house of only one level.

218

A bungalow.

219

So there's maybe an attic, but there's just one main floor bungalow.

220

Which would be a different category to a two -story house or a three -story house.

221

At $80 a month, $80 per month.

222

At the last minute, the firm.

223

The firm.

224

What is a firm?

225

A firm is a company,

226

let's say a company, which offers a professional service.

227

An example would be a law firm.

228

That's the best example.

229

So let's go EG which means example a law firm.

230

So his company ordered him to Washington.

231

So here we don't know if this is Washington D .C.,

232

the District of Columbia, or if it is Washington State.

233

But if it were Washington State, they would probably say F.

234

Scott Fitzgerald would probably have written Washington State.

235

And I went out to the country alone.

236

I had a dog, at least I had him for a few days until he ran away, and an old

237

Dodge and a Finnish woman, who made my bed and cooked breakfast and muttered, Finnish wisdom to herself over the electric stove.

238

So this is kind of strange because he says he has a dog and he has a car, a Dodge, it's a type of car,

239

and he has a Finnish woman.

240

So he has someone he's hired to be his maid and his cook.

241

So she's taking care of him and she muttered Finnish.

242

M -m -muttering is speaking low.

243

Speaking low.

244

Soft.

245

It was lonely for a day or so, until one morning some man, more recently arrived than I, stopped me on the road.

246

How do you get to West Egg Village? he asked helplessly.

247

I told him.

248

And as I walked on I was lonely.

249

No longer.

250

I was not lonely any more.

251

I was a guide, a pathfinder, an original settler.

252

He had casually conferred on me the freedom of the neighborhood.

253

Conferred on, given to.

254

He had casually given to me the freedom of the neighborhood.

255

Now, this is something a little confusing about this book.

256

West Egg is not a real place.

257

I didn't know that before I started reading this book.

258

The West Egg and the East Egg are fictional places near

259

New York, which F.

260

Scott Fitzgerald invented for this book.

261

I would love to be corrected if I'm wrong, but I do not think I am wrong about that.

262

So West Egg is a fictional place.

263

It's not an egg.

264

It is supposed to be a kind of peninsula that goes out into the water,

265

and it's a neighborhood.

266

And so, with the sunshine and the great bursts of leaves growing on the trees, just as things grow in fast movies,

267

I had that familiar conviction that life was beginning over again with the summer.

268

Conviction is like a feeling

269

But it's a feeling of being sure

270

Feeling of certainty

271

Conviction So it feels like life is starting again

272

With the summer

273

There was so much to read for one thing Isn't there always?

274

and so much fine health to be pulled down out of the young, breath -giving air.

275

I bought a dozen volumes on banking and credit and investment securities,

276

and they stood on my shelf in red and gold like new money from the mint,

277

promising to unfold the shining secrets that only Midas and Morgan and Mycanus knew.

278

He bought a dozen volumes on banking and credit and investment securities.

279

Volumes are books and securities.

280

So there's two meanings here that we can talk about.

281

If you give someone something as a deposit of goodwill,

282

let's say, it shows that if you do not pay back your loan to somebody,

283

they get this thing.

284

You could give them a nice watch as a security.

285

If I don't come back, keep my watch.

286

If I don't pay you back, keep the watch.

287

It's a security.

288

But when we're talking about investment, it's a little bit more complicated than that.

289

It's an investment in a company or in government debt that can be traded or that produces income.

290

So this is a kind of investing, a special kind of investing.

291

You can look that up if you want to know more about it.

292

And they stood on my shelf in red and gold like new money from the mint.

293

The mint is the place where money is made.

294

A mint is a money factory.

295

Why is it called a mint, you may ask?

296

That's an excellent question.

297

Promising to unfold the shining secrets that only Midas and Morgan and Mycanus knew.

298

Midas would be the mythical king who was given the power by the gods to turn anything into gold.

299

Anything that King Midas touched turned into gold.

300

Morgan, J .P.

301

Morgan, very important financial company in the U .S., J .P.

302

Morgan, and Mycanus.

303

Mycanus is a famous figure from the rule of the Emperor Augustus.

304

Back in ancient Rome, Mycanus was someone who had a lot of money,

305

and he provided money for people to write things at the time.

306

I studied classics myself, so Mycanus is a very familiar name to me.

307

but these three are heavily associated with money. With money.

308

So Midas, Morgan, Mycanus.

309

So these books, he thinks these books, are going to help him a lot.

310

I was rather literary in college.

311

One year I wrote a series of very solemn

312

and obvious editorials for the Yale News

313

and now I was going to bring back all such things into my life

314

and become again that most limited of all specialists, the well -rounded man.

315

He had the high intention, the plan, he planned to do this thing, of reading many other books besides, additionally.

316

I was rather literary.

317

Literary has to do with books and literature.

318

One year I wrote a series of very serious, solemn is serious.

319

And obvious means they weren't very interesting.

320

They're obvious.

321

Everything he said was obvious.

322

Editorials, a kind of article for the Yale News.

323

And now I was going to bring back all such things into my life and become again a well -rounded man.

324

That most limited of all specialists, which is a well -rounded man.

325

A well -rounded person is someone who has lots of skills.

326

This isn't just an epigram, a title.

327

Life is much more successfully looked at from a single window, after all.

328

So when he says that most limited of all specialists, he's saying it's not just a title that he's saying.

329

He actually believes that being well -rounded limits you.

330

So he believes that you should specialize.

331

Life is more successfully looked at from a single window.

332

It was a matter of chance, a thing of chance, a thing of chance,

333

that I should have rented a house in one of the strangest communities in North America.

334

It was on that slender, riotous island which extends itself due east of New York, and where there are, among other natural curiosities,

335

two unusual formations of land.

336

Twenty miles from the city, a pair of enormous eggs, identical in contour and separated by only a courtesy bay,

337

jut out into the most domesticated body of salt water in the western hemisphere, the great wet barnyard of the Long Island Sound.

338

So, Slender, that is thin.

339

Riotous, let's say full of energy.

340

It's not so negative as the word riot.

341

You see the word riot there, which is like a violent kind of protest.

342

Riotous just means full of energy.

343

Full of energy.

344

Natural curiosities, interesting things.

345

Two unusual formations of land.

346

So again, these are kind of peninsulas that go into the water, that jut out into the water.

347

That is, stick out into the water.

348

A pair of enormous eggs.

349

So it's just the shape that he's saying.

350

It's not actually an egg the east egg and the west egg is what he's talking about

351

the most domesticated body of salt water domesticated is tame that is not wild

352

in the western hemisphere of course the hemisphere is a half of the earth whether we're talking about the west,

353

the east, the north or the south hemisphere.

354

The great wet barnyard just a yard of Long Island sound.

355

They're not perfect ovals.

356

An oval would be an egg shape.

357

Like the egg in the Columbus story.

358

They're both crushed flat at the contact end.

359

So, the egg in the Columbus story.

360

So, how will you get to North America, Columbus?

361

And Columbus smashes the egg.

362

He was probably being asked about India, really.

363

How will you get to India?

364

You smash an egg.

365

So he smashes the top of an egg in the story.

366

So he's saying that they're flat on the contact end,

367

but their physical resemblance must be a source of perpetual wonder to the gulls that fly overhead.

368

To the wingless, that is, those without wings, so human beings, I know you've never seen me, but I don't have wings.

369

A more interesting phenomenon is their dissimilarity in every particular, except shape and size.

370

So these two bodies of land are very similar in shape and size,

371

but they are very dissimilar.

372

They are not similar.

373

They are very different in every other way.

374

Anyway, I lived at West Egg, the, well, the less fashionable of the two,

375

though this is a most superficial tag to express the bizarre and not a little sinister contrast between them.

376

Superficial.

377

Shallow. Or surface level.

378

Superficial.

379

So it's not a very deep name.

380

Tag here is simply a name.

381

to express the bizarre and not a little sinister contrast.

382

So bizarre here means strange, very weird, and not a little sinister.

383

Sinister.

384

This is kind of evil in a way.

385

Sinister.

386

My house was at the very tip of the egg, only 50 yards from the sound,

387

And of course the sound is a body of water, Long Island Sound.

388

A sound is a kind of thin part of water, sort of like a fjord.

389

Squeeze between two huge places that rented for $12 ,000 or $15 ,000 a season.

390

So his place is $80 per month, but these other places are $12 ,000 or $15 ,000 per season.

391

So it's a very, very wealthy place.

392

The one on my right was a colossal affair by any standard.

393

It was a factual imitation of some hôtel de ville in Normandy, with a tower on one side,

394

spanking new under a thin beard of raw ivy,

395

and a marble swimming pool and more than 40 acres of lawn and garden. So, colossal.

396

Colossal.

397

Huge.

398

Very big.

399

Colossal.

400

Colossal.

401

Affair.

402

Affair.

403

Thing.

404

Thing.

405

This is just a sort of joking way to talk about a thing.

406

Factual imitation So it's a fake version

407

Like so many things So many things

408

An imitation of the real thing

409

Which is over in Europe Hotel de ville in Normandy, in the north of France.

410

The tower on one side, spanking new.

411

Spanking new.

412

Brand spanking new.

413

It's a very American idiom.

414

Totally new.

415

So a few days ago I got this.

416

It is brand spanking new.

417

Totally new.

418

I just got it.

419

I like it.

420

So brand new.

421

You can say brand new.

422

It means very new.

423

It's not really talking about the brand of something, but that's the connection.

424

Spanking.

425

Why do we say brand spanking new?

426

I'm not entirely sure.

427

Spanking is physically disciplining a child.

428

Usually it's a child by hitting them.

429

So this is not a nice thing, but it's not really talking about spanking.

430

It simply means very new, a very new thing.

431

Under a thin beard of raw ivy, ivy would be a plant which is a kind of vine that grows,

432

I don't know if this really looks so much like ivy, but it is a plant which grows a vine ivy.

433

A beard, so this is just kind of poetic, a beard of ivy.

434

A marble swimming pool and more than 40 acres of lawn and garden.

435

It was Gatsby's mansion.

436

A mansion is a huge house, a huge house.

437

You can remember this perhaps if you speak French, maison, mansion, you can see the connection.

438

Except in English, a mansion is always big and very nice.

439

Or rather, as I didn't know Mr. Gatsby, it was a mansion inhabited by a gentleman of that name.

440

So at this time, he hasn't met Gatsby yet.

441

My own house was an eyesore, but it was a small eyesore, and it had been overlooked.

442

So I had a view of the water, a partial view of my neighbor's lawn, and the consoling proximity of millionaires, all for $80 a month.

443

An eyesore, something that looks bad.

444

Something that looks bad.

445

Looks bad.

446

It had been overlooked.

447

That is, not noticed.

448

Not noticed.

449

Nobody noticed it and therefore he had a view of the water partial view of the lawn

450

and he's close to millionaires proximity is closeness

451

and consoling is making someone feel better making feel better

452

Across the Courtesy Bay, the white palaces of fashionable

453

East Egg glittered along the water and the history of the summer really begins.

454

On the evening I drove over there to have dinner with the Tom Buchanans.

455

So the Courtesy Bay, simply a bit of water between these places, between the two eggs in this case,

456

and it glittered, the palaces glittered,

457

that is, shined or sparkled.

458

The history of the summer really begins on the evening

459

I drove over there to have dinner with the Tom Buchanan's

460

so this is an older way of talking about a couple this is a man named tom buchanan

461

and his wife so this is a older way people don't usually use this anymore

462

so they call both people by his name both of his names

463

so some people today will have well some women will take their husband's name

464

but it's usually just the last name

465

and it used to be fashionable to use both names so really we're talking about two people here not just one.

466

Daisy was my second cousin once removed so

467

Daisy Buchanan, that is Tom's wife, was my second cousin once removed, and I'd known

468

Tom in college.

469

What does that mean, my second cousin once removed?

470

Well, that is one of the most confusing things in the English language, and if you really want to know,

471

I suggest that you look for an infographic about that.

472

Google second cousin once removed for pictures and you'll see

473

that this is actually something that helps us understand the structure of families.

474

Your first cousin is your parents siblings child.

475

Second cousins would be their children.

476

So this gets really complicated, really complicated.

477

And I'd known

478

Tom in college.

479

And just after the war, I spent two days with them in Chicago.

480

While I'm here, I'm going to make sure that you know that it's Chicago and not Chicago.

481

Chicago is pronounced with an SH sound.

482

This probably is because the first people who wrote this name were French.

483

I don't know.

484

It is not a French name.

485

It is a Native American word, but it was probably first written by a French person, and they called it Chicago.

486

I think.

487

I think.

488

But it is Chicago.

489

Her husband, among various physical accomplishments, had been one of the most powerful ends that ever played football at New Haven.

490

A national figure, in a way,

491

one of those men who reach such an acute limited excellence at twenty -one that everything afterward savors of anticlimax. So, acute, limited.

492

Acute here, you could think of it like specialized, very precise.

493

Acute has lots of meanings.

494

You can read all about them if you'd like.

495

Limited excellence.

496

So he's very specialized.

497

He's playing football.

498

And he was very good at it at 21.

499

And so everything after in his life doesn't feel so great.

500

It savors, sort of tastes like anticlimax.

501

something which is anticlimactic, seems like it's going to be very, very interesting, and then it's not.

502

It's not so interesting.

503

His family were enormously wealthy.

504

Even in college, his freedom with money was a matter for reproach.

505

But now he'd left Chicago and come east in a fashion that rather took your breath away.

506

For instance, he'd brought down a string of polo ponies from Lake Forest.

507

A matter, again a thing, for reproach, criticism.

508

So he spent money so much that people criticized him for it.

509

Now he left Chicago and come east in a fashion.

510

Remember that fashion just means way.

511

That rather, almost, or did really take your breath away makes you go,

512

wow, taking your breath away.

513

For instance, he brought down a string of polo ponies.

514

Polo being played on horses.

515

Right?

516

A pony is a type of small horse.

517

And so it takes a lot of money to bring polo ponies with you.

518

It was hard to realize that a man in my own generation was wealthy enough to do that.

519

Why they came east, I don't know.

520

So, let's finish by talking about what happened in this sentence, grammatically.

521

Why they came east, I don't know.

522

So think about the order.

523

Let's divide this simply into two pieces.

524

This means I don't know why they came east.

525

So why did we change the order?

526

Why they came east?

527

This type of questions.

528

indirect or embedded question.

529

We could call it a a noun clause.

530

It's a type of noun clause.

531

Why is it first?

532

Well, this is called fronting.

533

And this is simply for emphasis.

534

I want to say this is very important, so I put it at the beginning.

535

They had spent a year in France for no particular reason, and then drifted here and there unrestfully wherever people played polo and were rich together.

536

Unrestfully you can see without rest.

537

Drifted, that is, they moved here and there,

538

but drift is like what something does on the wind or on the water.

539

And so this seems like they don't really have a plan.

540

They were in France for no real reason.

541

And then they just moved here and then they moved there.

542

Wherever people played polo and were rich together.

543

This is kind of a joke.

544

It sounds kind of weird to say people were rich together.

545

This was a permanent move, said Daisy over the telephone, but I didn't believe it.

546

I had no sight into Daisy's heart, but I felt that

547

Tom would drift on, forever seeking, a little wistfully, for the dramatic turbulence of some irrecoverable football game.

548

I felt that

549

Tom would drift on, so again, drifting is moving, but it's like the wind is blowing, and the leaves are drifting on the wind,

550

or the boat is drifting on the water forever looking for something, seeking, a little wistfully.

551

Wistfully is sort of sadly remembering.

552

Sadly remembering.

553

The dramatic turbulence of some irrecoverable football game.

554

Turbulence.

555

Turbulence is when things were shaking.

556

So in this case, it's talking about excitement.

557

Really, this is talking about excitement.

558

Irrecoverable.

559

You can't recover it.

560

You can't get it back.

561

There's no way to go back to those football games because they're over.

562

He had that limited excellence when he was 21.

563

Now he's older.

564

And he's never going to get that excitement back in his life.

565

all right so here's where we stopped we're on page five

566

if you have questions ask them i will answer i would be happy to answer you i'm sure

567

that people have questions this is not a simple book

568

but it is a book that you can learn a lot of vocabulary from

569

and this is one of those books that is so important for culture that it's important for language.

570

Some of the idioms and the phrasing that's used in this book is

571

so influential that it became a part of the American way of speaking.

572

And so, if you're learning English, particularly American English, this is a great resource for you.

573

But it's not simple.

574

So let's do this together.

575

Let's do this together.

576

Ask me your questions.

577

If you like this content, subscribe to the channel and share the video with your friends who are learning English.

578

I'm just about to start recording more of The Wizard of Oz, so if you'd like something else,

579

you can try the playlist for The Wizard of Oz, which at the time was a children's book,

580

so it is a little bit easier in some ways.

581

But this one is so famous and so good that we're going to do this as well,

582

even though we have to go a little bit slower when we're reading

583

The Great Gatsby.

584

Thank you for watching.

585

I'll see you next time.

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «Learn English With a Book». В этом видео 585 предложений и 5538 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 48:50. Говорящий держит ровный темп — около 113 слов в минуту, удобный для шедоуинга. 82% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
boil глагол	/bɔɪ(ə)l/	кипяти́ть, вскипяти́ть
polo существительное	/ˈpoʊloʊ/	по́ло
uncle существительное	/ˈʌŋ.kl̩/	дя́дя, дя́дька
cousin существительное	/ˈkʌz(ə)n/	ро́дственник, ро́дственница
grave существительное	/ɡɹeɪv/	моги́ла
mansion существительное	/ˈmæn.ʃən/	особня́к, хоро́мы
mint существительное	/mɪnt/	мя́та
sinister прилагательное	/ˈsɪ.nɪ.stəɹ/	злове́щий, злополу́чный
thin прилагательное	/ˈθɪn/	то́нкий
hardware существительное	/ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/	стройматериа́лы, оборудование
thoroughly наречие	/ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/	тща́тельно, основа́тельно
beard существительное	/bɪɹd/	борода́, брада́
acute прилагательное	/əˈkjut/	о́стрый, то́нкий
lawn существительное	/lɔːn/	газо́н, лужа́йка
hemisphere существительное	/ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/	полусфе́ра, полуша́рие

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Произношение	Значение
come back глагол		возвраща́ться, возврати́ться
wear out глагол		изна́шивать, износи́ть
hold back глагол		сде́рживать, сде́рживаться
pay back глагол	/peɪ bæk/	отплатить, расплатиться
run away глагол		сматываться, убега́ть

Фразы, которые стоит повторять

Короткие законченные фразы из видео, которые пригодятся в повседневном разговоре:

How do you decide the meaning of a word?
How do you decide what a word means?
Why is it called a mint, you may ask?
Why do we say brand spanking new?
What does that mean, my second cousin once removed?

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Условные предложения if + предложение, will/would + глагол — условие и его результат	if it were Washington State, they would probably
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	were descended · is just thought · is also called
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	places, which has · someone who had · specialists, which is
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	you've already learned · have been · you've never studied

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 87 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, I'm, we're. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «th»: thin /ˈθɪn/, thoroughly /ˈθʌɹ.ə.li/, wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/
Звуки «sh» и «zh»: mansion /ˈmæn.ʃən/, specialist /ˈspɛʃəlɪst/, conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/, smash /smæʃ/, fashionable /ˈfæʃənəbl̩/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, literary /ˈlɪt.(ə.)ɹə.ɹi/, permanently /ˈpɜː.mə.nənt.li/, superficial /ˌsupɚˈfɪʃəl/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

/w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: hardware /ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/, wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/, wealthy /ˈwɛl.θi/, swim /swɪm/, wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/
/h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: hardware /ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/, hemisphere /ˈhɛmɪsfɪə/, wherever /(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/, wholesale /ˈhoʊlseɪl/, hire /ˈhaɪɹ/
Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: grave /ɡɹeɪv/, beard /bɪɹd/, descend /dəˈsɛnd/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, raid /ɹeɪd/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Повторяйте предложение за предложением на обычной скорости, пока ваш ритм не совпадёт с ритмом говорящего.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как boil, polo, uncle.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

Техника шедоуинга: читать полное пошаговое руководство →

Практика Shadowing: Learn English With a Book | The Great Gatsby | Deep Learning Session | Part 2 - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Ключевая лексика этого видео

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Фразы, которые стоит повторять

Грамматика в этом видео

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Как заниматься с этим видео

Что такое техника Shadowing?