Практика Shadowing: What causes hearing loss? ⏲️ 6 Minute English - Изучайте разговорный английский с YouTube

C1
Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
⏸ Пауза
Все предложения113 предложений
Если предложения слишком короткие или длинные, нажмите Edit, чтобы их изменить.
1
Hello, this is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
2
I'm Neil.
3
And I'm Georgie.
4
As we get older, many of us notice our sense of hearing getting worse.
5
Maybe we need to concentrate harder or ask people to speak more loudly.
6
Has that happened to you, Neil?
7
Not really.
8
A while ago I thought maybe my ears were getting worse,
9
but I had a check-up and everything was fine, thankfully.
10
That's great.
11
In the UK alone, hearing loss affects 18 million people and that number is increasing.
12
In this programme, we'll discover why we lose hearing with age and,
13
as usual, learn some useful new vocabulary.
14
And you can also find a transcript of this episode on our website, bbclearningenglish.com.
15
But now listen up, Georgie,
16
because I have a question for you.
17
Did you know that the three smallest bones in the human body,
18
the hammer, the anvil and the stirrup,
19
are all located in the ear,
20
but which one of those is the smallest?
21
Is it A, the hammer,
22
B, the anvil, or C, the stirrup bone?
23
That one's a difficult one.
24
I'm going to say the anvil bone.
25
OK, well we'll find out the answer later on.
26
To understand why our hearing gets worse with age,
27
it's useful to know a little about how the ear works in the first place.
28
Here's Mr Nish Mehta, an ear,
29
nose and throat surgeon at the Royal National ENT Hospital in London,
30
giving a beginner's class to BBC Radio 4 programme Inside Health.
31
Hearing is an amazing sense.
32
It's a special sense.
33
And the ear is really the hearing organ.
34
So the ear is split up into three main parts.
35
It's the outer ear, the middle ear and the inner ear.
36
The outer ear is the bit that you see.
37
It's on the side of your head.
38
We call that the pinna.
39
Think of that as the satellite dish.
40
It collects the sounds and it funnels them in towards the sense organ.
41
That then gets transmitted to the middle ear.
42
The middle ear's main job is to amplify those sounds.
43
That's done by having an eardrum which catches it and then vibrates sympathetically to the vibration of the noise that you heard.
44
And then that's passed on to the three smallest bones in the body,
45
the hammer, the anvil and the stirrup.
46
The ear is made up of outer, middle and inner parts.
47
It's one of our sense organs,
48
specific parts of the body,
49
your ears, eyes, tongue, nose and skin,
50
which allow you to experience the outside world.
51
The visible part, the outer ear or pinna,
52
acts like a satellite dish,
53
collecting sounds which it funnels into the middle ear.
54
The verb funnel means to move or direct something through a narrow space.
55
Once in the middle ear,
56
the eardrum amplifies the sounds,
57
before transmitting them to tiny hairs in the inner ear,
58
which then sends electrical signals to the brain.
59
It's an incredible system, but unfortunately one that can go wrong at any stage.
60
Here, James Gallagher, presenter of BBC Radio 4's Inside Health,
61
asks Nish Mehta when problems tend to start.
62
We're going to spend a lot of today,
63
Nish, thinking about age-related hearing loss.
64
When does that start?
65
Wear and tear of your hearing starts from around the age of eight.
66
Okay, so we're doomed already.
67
We're already on a downward spiral.
68
But we've got a lot of redundancy on the system.
69
And the speed at which our hearing declines is partly based on the genetics that you're born with,
70
and then partly based on the environment that you're exposed to.
71
So someone who has really strong genetics to protect them from hearing,
72
but spends their life on a pneumatic drill,
73
may have a much faster decline than someone on the other side.
74
You can imagine that your brain is doing
75
so much computation behind the scenes just to listen to someone speaking and understand the words that are saying.
76
So whilst hearing is going,
77
the brain tends to increase its listening effort.
78
And so often it's a very slow process for you to realise that you're struggling with hearing.
79
Wear and tear of our hearing starts as young as eight.
80
and tear means the damage that comes from ordinary, everyday use.
81
When Nish says this, James exclaims,
82
we're doomed – an informal way of saying we're destined to fail.
83
From the age of 8,
84
our hearing is on a downward spiral – a situation which gets worse and worse.
85
But don't worry just yet – human hearing has evolved with redundancy in the system,
86
a technical phrase meaning that there are many ways to achieve the same outcome,
87
so that but a backup system can take over if other systems fail.
88
Here, for example, the brain works harder to compensate for a weaker sound signal reaching the inner ear.
89
And there are other ways hearing loss can be helped as well,
90
including hearing aids, surgery or even just removing extra earwax – not a job I would like very much.
91
After that fascinating journey into the world of hearing,
92
I think it's time to reveal the answer to your question, Neil.
93
I asked you which is the smallest bone in the body and they are all in the ear.
94
Is it a the hammer,
95
b the anvil or c the stirrup bone?
96
I said the anvil, didn't I?
97
You did, but I'm afraid you obviously weren't listening in biology class
98
because you are wrong – it is in fact the stirrup bone.
99
OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned,
100
starting with sense organs – specific parts of the body like your ears and eyes which allow you to experience the world.
101
To funnel means to move or direct something through a narrow space.
102
And a funnel – the noun – is a cone-shaped tool which does this.
103
and tear refers to the damage that comes from using something every day.
104
If you say, we're doomed,
105
you mean we're going to be defeated or fail.
106
And a downward spiral is a situation which continuously gets worse and worse.
107
And finally, redundancy in the system refers to having more than one way to achieve an objective
108
so that a backup can take over if other methods fail.
109
You'll be sad to hear that once again our six minutes are up,
110
but why not head over to our website bbclearningenglish.com to try the quiz and worksheet for this episode.
111
Goodbye for now.
112
Goodbye.
113
6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com

Скачать приложение

ИИ-оценка каждого произнесённого вами предложения

Сканировать для скачивания
Сканировать для скачивания
Download on theApp Store
Get it onGoogle Play
TRENDING

Популярные

4.9/5 в App Store и Google Play

Shadowing English На мобильном

Изучайте английский в любое время и в любом месте с приложением Shadowing English. Улучшите свои коммуникативные навыки уже сегодня!

Отслеживайте свой прогресс в обучении
Оценка ИИ и исправление ошибок
Богатая библиотека видео
Download on theApp Store
GET IT ONGoogle Play
Shadowing English Mobile App

Об уроке

В этом уроке вы узнаете о потере слуха и том, как она связана с возрастом. Мы рассмотрим анатомию уха, его основные части и функции. Также вы узнаете полезные слова и фразы, которые помогут вам лучше понять тему потери слуха. Уделяя внимание произношению и интонации, вы можете улучшить свои навыки разговорного английского. Это отличная возможность учить английский с YouTube и применять метод shadowing английский для практики речи.

Ключевая лексика и фразы

  • потеря слуха - hearing loss
  • орган слуха - hearing organ
  • наружное ухо - outer ear
  • среднее ухо - middle ear
  • внутреннее ухо - inner ear
  • барабанная перепонка - eardrum
  • крошечные кости - smallest bones
  • вибрация - vibration

Советы по практике

Для эффективной практики shadow speech смотрите видео с субтитрами и повторяйте за спикерами. Обратите внимание на скорость речи: начните с замедленных участков, а затем постепенно увеличивайте скорость до обычной. Занимайтесь shadowing по фразам, чтобы лучше запоминать структуру и произношение. Выбирайте отрывки длиной 30-60 секунд, чтобы не перегружать себя информацией. Это поможет вам улучшить вашу артикуляцию и уверенность в говорении. Не забывайте повторять слова и фразы из урока, чтобы они стали частью вашего активного словаря. Используйте shadowspeaks в своих упражнениях, чтобы получить больше опыта в разговорной практике.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

☕ Угостите нас кофе