ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: 01 The Complete Guide to the TOEFL Test PBT Edition Sample Listening Comprehension Test
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Audio to accompany the complete guide to the TOEFL test.
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PBT edition by Bruce Rogers.
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Copyright 2011 by Heinle, a part of Cengage Learning.
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All rights reserved.
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Section 1.
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Listening Comprehension.
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Sample Listening Comprehension Test.
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Find the directions for this test in your textbook
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and read along with them as they are read to you on the tape.
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This section tests your ability to comprehend spoken English.
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It is divided into three parts, each with its own directions.
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You are not permitted to turn the page during the reading of the directions or to take notes at any time.
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Part A.
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Directions Each item in this part consists of a brief conversation involving two speakers.
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Following each conversation, a third voice will ask a question.
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You will hear the conversations and questions only once, and they will not be written out.
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When you have heard each conversation and question, read the four answer choices and select the one, A, B, C, or D,
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that best answers the question based on what is directly stated or on what can be inferred.
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Then fill in the space on your answer sheet that matches the letter of the answer that you have selected.
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Here is an example.
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You will hear, Do you think I should leave this chair against the wall or put it somewhere else?
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Over by the window, I'd say.
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What does the woman think the man should do?
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You will read, A.
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Open the window.
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B. Move the chair.
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C. Leave the room.
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D. Take a seat.
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From the conversation, you find out that the woman thinks the man should put the chair over by the window.
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The best answer to the question, what does the woman think the man should do, is B, move the chair.
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You should fill in B on your answer sheet.
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Now let's begin with the first conversation.
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Number one.
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I like your new bicycle, Helen.
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Thanks, but it isn't new.
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I had my old one repainted.
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What can be said about Helen's bicycle?
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Number two.
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Will that be cash, check, or charge?
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I'm going to write a check, but I just realized I left my checkbook in my car.
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I'll be right back.
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What will the man probably do next?
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Number three.
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I'll never be able to get through all these books on Professor Gray's reading list.
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But, Mark, not all of them are required.
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What does the woman tell Mark?
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Number four.
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Was there anything you didn't like about the novel?
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Only that it was too short.
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What does the woman imply about the novel?
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Number five.
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Should I fill out this form with a pen or a pencil?
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What difference does it make?
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What does the woman mean?
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Number six.
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This new computer software is really easy to use.
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Isn't it, though?
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What does the man mean?
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Number seven.
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You did bring the slide projector, didn't you?
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I brought it, but I'm afraid it's out of order.
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What is the problem with the slide projector?
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Number eight.
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Your brother called.
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He wants you to meet him for dinner.
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Oh, really?
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Did he say when?
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What does the man want to know?
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Number nine.
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Have you heard from Howard lately?
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Funny you should ask.
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Yesterday, from out of the blue, I got a letter from him.
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What does the man say about Howard?
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Number 10.
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If you don't like this studio apartment, I can show you a one -bedroom unit up on the third floor.
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All right.
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This one just doesn't have enough room for me.
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How does the man feel about the studio apartment?
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Number 11.
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I think I deserved a higher grade in chemistry class.
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Does Professor Welch ever change the grades he gives?
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Sure, about once a century.
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What can be inferred about Professor Welch from this conversation?
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Number 12.
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I wonder how I did on Professor Porter's test.
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Oh, she's already posted the grades on her office door.
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What does the man say about Professor Porter?
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Number 13.
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I've invited some friends over to watch the game on television.
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I think I'll go out and get some drinks before they arrive here.
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Shouldn't you get some snacks, too?
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What does the woman tell the man?
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Number 14 I'm going to drop my political science class.
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It meets too early in the morning for me.
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Alan, is that really a good reason to drop the class?
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What does the woman imply?
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Number 15.
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I can hardly hear anything from back here.
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Let's just go home.
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Why don't we ask an usher if we can sit closer to the stage?
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What does the man suggest?
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Number 16.
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William comes up with some weak excuse or another for just about every mistake he makes, doesn't he?
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Wait till you hear his latest.
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What do the speakers imply about William?
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Number 17.
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What a beautiful sunset.
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You should photograph it, Melissa.
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If I had some film in my camera, I would.
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What does Melissa mean?
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Number 18.
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We should be arriving at the airport in another ten minutes.
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Wait a second.
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This bus is going to the airport?
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What can be inferred about the men?
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Number 19.
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I wonder when the Board of Regents will pick a new dean of students. Who knows?
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They're not even scheduled to meet until next month.
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What does the woman imply?
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Number 20.
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Are Randy and his friends still going to play cards this evening?
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He's setting up the folding card table right now.
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What does the woman say about Randy?
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Number 21.
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We should never have listened to Harvey.
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If only we'd ask someone else for advice.
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What do they mean?
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Number 22.
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All the people in the audience certainly seemed to enjoy the performance.
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Well, almost all of them did.
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What does the woman mean?
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Number 23 How was your room last night?
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I slept like a baby, and the rates were quite reasonable.
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What are these people probably discussing?
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Number 24.
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Professor White, a few of us in the back of the room didn't get a copy of your syllabus.
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Hmm, there are 23 names on my class list, so I only brought 23 copies of the syllabus.
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What can be inferred from Professor White's remark?
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Number 25.
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We're not far from Mount Pleasant Street.
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There are some antique stores there that have some wonderful things, and they're fairly cheap.
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They have some nice antiques, all right, but I sure wouldn't call them cheap.
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What does the man mean?
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Number 26.
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Daniel said that
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San Diego is a great place to go to a conference.
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He should know.
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He's been there often enough.
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What does the man say about Daniel?
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Number 27.
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Have you ever gone for a ride with Charlie?
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I sure have.
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He seems to think he's a race car driver, doesn't he?
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What does the woman imply about Charlie?
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Number 28.
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Try a bowl of this soup and see how you like it.
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It's a new brand.
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Hmm.
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I'd say it stacks up pretty well against the other kinds.
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What does the man mean?
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Number 29.
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Peter is favored to win the tennis match Saturday.
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Oh, then that match wasn't canceled after all.
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What had the man originally assumed?
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Number 30.
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Adam, do you remember the tools I lent you when you were building those bookshelves last month?
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I'd like to have them back.
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Uh, well, I hate to tell you this, but I can't seem to lay my hands on them.
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What does Adam imply?
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This is the end of Part A.
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Go on to Part B.
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Now read along with the directions for Part B in your textbook as they are read to you on the tape.
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Part B.
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Directions.
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This part of the test consists of extended conversations between two speakers.
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After each of these conversations, there are a number of questions.
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You will hear each conversation and question only once, and the questions are not written out.
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When you have heard the questions, read the four answer choices and select the one, A, B, C, or D,
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that best answers the question based on what is directly stated or on what can be inferred.
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Then fill in the space on your answer sheet that matches the letter of the answer that you have selected.
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Don't forget, during actual exams, taking notes or writing in your test book is not permitted.
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Now let's begin
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Part V with the first conversation.
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Questions 31 to 33.
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Listen to the following conversation.
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Good morning, Diana.
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What did you want to talk to me about?
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Good morning, Professor Lane.
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I wanted to talk to you about changing my major.
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You see, I've decided that when I graduate in three years, I'd like to work in an art museum.
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I think I should change my major to art history.
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You know, Diana, I think you should give this decision some more thought.
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You've done well in your year as a business major.
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Besides, all organizations need good managers, whether they're private companies or nonprofit foundations like museums.
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I suppose that's true, but wouldn't I still have to know a lot about art?
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Why not take a few elective courses in art history
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and try working a few hours a week as a volunteer at the local art museum?
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See if you really like working there.
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Number 31.
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What is the probable relationship between these two speakers?
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Number 32.
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When does Diana hope to begin working at a museum?
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Number 33.
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What does the man advise Diana to do?
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Questions 34 to 37.
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Listen to a conversation between two students.
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Gloria, hello.
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You're not looking too happy.
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What's the matter?
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Have you been studying too much?
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Oh, hi.
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No, that's not it.
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The problem is that I was planning to go home over spring break,
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but my travel agent just told me all the airlines are fully booked that week.
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Why not go by car?
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It's too long a trip to take by myself, and gasoline is so expensive.
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Have you checked the ride board?
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Maybe you can get a rider to go with you.
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The ride board?
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What's that?
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It's a bulletin board that has a map of the United States on it.
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The map is divided into different regions, and each region has a different number.
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Say you want to go to New England.
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That would be box number one.
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There are boxes for each number.
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You can put a white card or a blue card in one of the boxes.
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What's the difference between a blue card and a white one?
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Blue means you have a car and need riders to share the driving.
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White means that you're looking for a ride.
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So I should go look at the white cards to see if anyone needs a ride to where I'm going, right?
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Yeah, and fill out a blue card, too.
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So where is this ride board?
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It's on the second floor of the Student Union Building, right by the Campus Cinema.
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Number 34.
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Why does Gloria look unhappy?
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Number 35.
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According to the man, what do the numbers on the boxes at the ride board indicate?
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Number 36.
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What does Gloria hope to obtain through the ride board?
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Number 37.
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Where is the ride board?
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This is the end of Part B.
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Go on to Part C.
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The End
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Now read along with the directions for Part C in your textbook as they are read to you on the tape.
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Part C.
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Directions.
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This part of the test consists of several talks, each given by a single speaker.
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After each of these talks, there are a number of questions.
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You will hear each talk and question only once, and the questions are not written out.
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When you have heard each question, read the four answer choices and select the one, A, B, C, or D,
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that best answers the question based on what is directly stated or on what can be inferred.
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Then fill in the space on your answer sheet that matches the letter of the answer that you have selected.
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Here is an example.
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You will hear...
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Students, this evening we'll have a chance to observe a phenomenon that we've discussed several times in class.
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Tonight there will be a lunar eclipse.
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As we've said, when an eclipse of the moon occurs, the earth passes between the sun and the moon.
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Therefore, the shadow of the earth moves across the surface of the moon and obscures it.
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Because you won't be looking at the sun,
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it is not necessary to use the special lenses and filters that you need when observing a solar eclipse.
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You can observe a lunar eclipse with your unaided eye or with a telescope and photograph it with an ordinary camera.
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So if the weather is not cloudy tonight, go out and take a look at this eclipse of the moon.
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I'm sure you'll find it interesting.
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Now, here is a sample question.
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You will hear, in what course is this lecture probably being given?
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You will read, A.
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Philosophy, B.
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Meteorology, C.
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Astronomy, D.
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Photography.
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The lecture concerns a lunar eclipse, a topic that would typically be discussed in an astronomy class.
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The choice that best answers the question, in what course is this lecture probably being given, is C, astronomy.
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You should fill in C on your answer sheet.
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Here is another sample question.
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You will hear, according to the speaker, which of the following occurs during a lunar eclipse.
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You will read, a.
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The Earth's shadow moves across the moon.
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b.
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Clouds block the view of the moon.
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c.
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The moon moves between the Earth and the sun.
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d.
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The sun can be observed without special equipment.
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From the lecture, you learned that a lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth moves between the Sun and the Moon,
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and the shadow of the Earth passes across the Moon.
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The choice that best answers the question, according to the speaker, which of the following occurs during a lunar eclipse, is A.
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The Earth's shadow moves across the Moon.
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Don't forget, during actual exams, taking notes or writing in your test book is not permitted.
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Now let's begin part C with the first talk.
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Questions 38 to 42.
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Listen to a student telling his friends about an experience he had.
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I saw something rather unusual late last Sunday night.
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My roommate, Ron, and I were driving back here to the university from my parents' house.
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They live in a small town about 70 miles from here.
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We'd stopped so that I could drive.
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Ron was really tired.
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When all of a sudden, the whole sky was lit up.
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I thought I was seeing a UFO, a real flying saucer.
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Ron thought maybe it was an airliner going down, or a satellite coming out of orbit.
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A fireball shot across the sky.
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It looked almost like fireworks.
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Then the light disappeared behind the hills.
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It wasn't until the next morning, when I was listening to the morning news on the radio, that I found out what had happened.
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Apparently, I'd seen a large meteorite.
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The light was caused by the heat of friction as the meteor traveled through the atmosphere.
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Most meteors burn up in the upper atmosphere, according to the announcer, but large ones can hit the ground.
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This one was unusual in that pieces of it were recovered.
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They landed in a parking lot about twenty miles from where we were.
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My mother told me that when she was young, she read a story in a magazine about a meteorite
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that crashed through the roof of a house and hit a woman sleeping in her bedroom and broke her leg.
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Anyway, it was an incredible sight, and I'm glad I was lucky enough to see it.
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Number 38.
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What did the man initially believe he had seen?
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Number 39.
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Why had the man stopped the car?
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40. How did the man learn what he had actually seen?
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Number 41.
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What happened to the meteor that the man had seen?
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Number 42.
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How did the man feel about what he had seen?
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Questions 43 to 46.
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Listen to a talk given by a tour guide.
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Ladies and gentlemen, the bus will stop next at the Washington Monument, which honors the first president of the United States.
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The first stone of the monument was laid in 1848, but because of a variety of problems, work was delayed.
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So it was not until 1884 that the monument was completed.
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Imagine that.
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It took 36 years.
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And then it was another four years before it opened to the public.
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Now, if you like, you can go to the top of the monument.
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On the way up, you'll have to take the elevator.
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You can take the elevator down, too, or you can walk, if you don't mind climbing down 898 steps
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The monument is made of marble, except for a tiny aluminum tip.
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Incidentally, before the tip was put on the monument, it was displayed around the country.
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Some young people jumped over the tip so
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that later they could truthfully claim that they jumped over the top of the Washington Monument.
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After visiting the Washington Monument, we'll be walking over to the Lincoln Memorial.
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Watch your step as you get off the bus, please.
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Number 43.
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Where is this talk probably being given?
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Number 44.
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How long did it take to build the Washington Monument?
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Number 45.
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According to the speaker, what must those people who go to the top of the Washington Monument do?
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Number 46.
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According to the speaker, what did some young people do when the tip of the monument was displayed.
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Questions 47 to 50.
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Listen to the following lecture.
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Good day class.
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Today we're going to continue our discussion of American music with a look at the text the songs of the frontier period.
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Nearly everyone who went west, the mountaineers, the miners, the river raftsmen, the railroad workers, had songs to accompany their work.
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And after work, the men and women of the frontier sang and danced to fiddle tunes or country dances.
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Some of these songs were new versions of old songs from Europe, while some were completely new.
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Some of the most popular of these songs were later used as theme songs for political campaigns.
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Now, we're going to listen to a few of these songs performed much as they were almost two centuries ago.
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As you listen to the recordings, notice the difference between these lively songs and the slower,
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more genteel music of the Eastern choral societies that we listened to in our last class.
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Number 47.
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In what course is this lecture probably given?
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Number 48.
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Number eight.
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What can be inferred about the songs of the frontier?
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Number 49.
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According to the speaker, how do these songs compare with the songs of eastern choral societies?
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Number 50.
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What will the people who are listening to this lecture probably do next?
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This is the end of the sample listening comprehension test.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้
บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “01 The Complete Guide to the TOEFL Test PBT Edition Sample Listening Comprehension Test” เป็นสื่อ วิดีโอนี้มี 371 ประโยค และ 3134 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 35:32 ผู้พูดพูดช้า ประมาณ 88 คำต่อนาที จึงมีเวลาเลียนแบบทุกเสียง 84% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ ส่วนที่เหลือควรดูไว้ก่อนเริ่มฝึก จากทั้งหมด 371 ประโยค มี 85 ประโยคเป็นคำถาม จึงเหมาะสำหรับฝึกน้ำเสียงประโยคคำถามและการตอบสั้น ๆ
คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้
คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| monument คำนาม | /ˈmɑnjʊmənt/ | อนุสาวรีย์, อนุสรณ์สถาน |
| eclipse คำนาม | /ɪˈklɪps/ | คราส, อุปราคา |
| lecture คำนาม | /ˈlɛk.t͡ʃə/ | การบรรยาย, เล็กเชอร์ |
| select คำกริยา | /sɪˈlɛkt/ | คัดเลือก |
| imply คำกริยา | /ɪmˈplaɪ/ | หมายความ |
| sheet คำนาม | /ʃit/ | แผ่น |
| occur คำกริยา | /əˈkɜː/ | เกิด |
| shadow คำนาม | /ˈʃædəʊ̯/ | เงา, ฉายา |
| observe คำกริยา | /əbˈzɜːv/ | สังเกต |
| permit คำกริยา | /pɚˈmɪt/ | ให้, ปล่อย |
| textbook คำนาม | /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ | ตำราเรียน, ตำรา |
| astronomy คำนาม | /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mi/ | ดาราศาสตร์ |
| comprehension คำนาม | /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/ | ความเข้าใจ |
| meteor คำนาม | /ˈmiːtiɚ/ | ดาวตก, อุกกาบาต |
| atmosphere คำนาม | /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ | บรรยากาศ |
กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน
| คำศัพท์ | คำอ่าน | ความหมาย |
|---|---|---|
| fill out คำกริยา | /fɪl ˈaʊt/ | กรอก |
| go out คำกริยา | ออก, ออกไป |
ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ
ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:
- Was there anything you didn't like about the novel?
- You did bring the slide projector, didn't you?
- Shouldn't you get some snacks, too?
- What did you want to talk to me about?
- Have you been studying too much?
ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้
โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:
| โครงสร้าง | ในวิดีโอ |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบัน | have heard · have selected · Have you heard |
| Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำ | are read · is divided · are not permitted |
| Relative clauses who / which + อนุประโยค — ข้อมูลเพิ่มเติมเกี่ยวกับคนหรือสิ่งของ | people who go · everyone who went · people who are |
การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง
ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 53 ครั้ง เช่น I'm, don't, I'd ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน
- เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: sheet /ʃit/, shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/, comprehension /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, friction /ˈfɹɪkʃən/
- คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: astronomy /əˈstɹɑ.nə.mi/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, elevator /ˈɛləˌveɪtɚ/, accompany /əˈkʌm.pə.ni/, photography /fəˈtɑ.ɡɹə.fi/
เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:
- เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: eclipse /ɪˈklɪps/, observe /əbˈzɜːv/, unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, photograph /ˈfoʊ.təˌɡɹæf/
- /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: observe /əbˈzɜːv/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, divide /dɪˈvaɪd/, elevator /ˈɛləˌveɪtɚ/, recover /ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/
- /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: observe /əbˈzɜːv/, exam /ɪɡˈzæm/, lens /lɛnz/
วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้
- ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
- พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
- อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง monument, eclipse, lecture เป็นพิเศษ
เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?
Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ