ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Solving Easy SQL Interview Questions on Analyst Builder

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205 ประโยค

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What's going on, everybody?

Welcome back to another video.

Today, we are going to be solving easy SQL technical interview questions.

Now, when I was interviewing for data analyst positions, I almost always got some type of technical interview.

And the vast majority of the technical interviews that I got were in SQL.

Not only that, but I was also on a hiring team and later as a hiring manager,

I almost always conducted some type of SQL technical interview.

Now, why do hiring managers conduct these interviews.

It's because they want to make sure that you actually know the skill

because you can just put SQL on your resume and not actually know it at all.

And then when they hire you, they have to spend two,

three, four months training you on the basics of SQL for you to actually understand it and use it.

That is not what any hiring manager wants.

And so that's why they conduct these SQL technical interviews.

So in this series, we're going to start with easy questions.

That'll be in today's video.

Then we'll go on to medium, hard, and then very hard SQL technical interview questions.

So without further ado, let's jump onto my screen and take a look at the easy SQL interview questions.

We're gonna be practicing these questions on analystbuilder .com.

And if we come right over here, we can filter to the free questions and we can filter to the easy questions.

These are all the free and easy questions that you can go and take right now.

I will leave a link in the description.

I will also leave a link to the two questions that we're gonna be looking at today,

but go ahead and check out this if you wanna try out all of these different questions.

There's also different difficulties.

So we're gonna be working through the moderate it and the hard ones in future videos.

And then we'll also be looking at the very difficult ones in the very last video in this series.

But let's go ahead and get rid of this because we're going to go over to our very first question.

Now, really quickly, I just want to show you the interface before we actually dive into the question.

Now, we're going to be solving this in MySQL, but you can also practice in PostgreSQL and Microsoft SQL Server,

whichever one you have an interview coming up for.

If that company uses

Microsoft SQL Server, come in here and use

Microsoft SQL Server.

And we also have

Python as well.

But we're going to be doing this in MySQL.

This is where we'll write our actual SQL code.

Then we have the prompt.

Now in an interview, typically they're going to give you some type of prompt and then the data.

They're going to ask you to do something with the data.

And our data is right down here.

So this is our data.

Now this is a practicing platform, right?

To practice for technical interview questions or practice for your technical interviews.

So we also have hints and expected output, as well as a video explanation walking through this question, showing you exactly how to do it.

But if you can't get it at all, you can always come in here and look at the solution for any of these.

But let's go ahead and start this question.

The question is called car failure.

It says, cars need to be inspected every year in order to pass inspection and be street legal.

If a car has any critical issues, it will fail inspection or if it has more than three minor issues, it will also fail.

Write a query to identify the cars that passed inspection.

Outputs should include the owner name and vehicle name ordered by the owner name alphabetically.

Now, let's go take a look at this data.

So we have the owner name, vehicle name, minor issues, critical issues, and that's all we have.

So it's just a simple one.

Again, this is an easy question, at least on Analyst Builder and

so let's try to solve this without any of the hints

or looking at the expected output because I think we can solve this one.

Now, the first thing that we need to take into consideration is we're going to need to be filtering.

So we'll need to filter down some data.

So if a car has any critical issues, it'll fail.

So if critical issues is one, two, three, it's going to fail.

So it can't have no critical issues

and they'll say and cause even though this says

or right here it doesn't mean one or the other it means

if it has this or it has this it fails

so we actually need an and here so both conditions need to be met or more than three minor issues

so you can't have either of those

now in our output for what we're going to get down here we need to have just two things

We just need the owner name and vehicle name.

So let's put that owner name and vehicle name.

And then lastly, we just have to order by the owner name.

And that's going to be ascending, ASC.

Ascending is just A to Z.

So I think we can go ahead and start writing this out because I think that's all we need to do.

Now let's go ahead and run this.

And so we have our data right down here.

Now here's what we need to do.

We are trying to identify cars that passed the inspection.

So we need to filter out the ones that had a critical issue or that had three or more minor issues.

So what we're gonna do is we're gonna come right over here.

And the first one we'll do is critical issues.

So we're gonna say where critical underscore issues.

And we need to say it's equal to zero.

And let's run this.

And it looks like I had a space here.

Let's run this again.

There we go.

So now, these are cars that have no critical issues.

So these ones are passing.

But if we just look at our data right down here, we have some that have four, four, five.

So we also have to say, and, and I'm going to copy this so I don't have another problem with that.

So, I'm going to say where it's less than or equal to, then I'm going to say 3.

So, if it has 3 or less, it should be in our output.

So, let's run this.

And I say greater than.

Let me do less than.

There we go.

100

And we can see that now the minor issues are all 3 or less.

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And let's just make sure.

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Or if it has more than 3.

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So, if it had 4 or 5, it should not be in our output it.

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So these has 320222 and this has 0000.

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So these are cars that should pass.

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Now right now we've been selecting everything, but what we really need to do is just select the columns that we need.

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That's going to be owner underscore name and vehicle.

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So let's run this.

109

And this looks really good.

110

And the last thing that we need to do is order by.

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So we need to order by the owner name.

112

Let's get that owner name.

113

And we need to do that in ascending.

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Now, by default, when you use order by to organize and sort a column, it automatically is in ascending,

115

but I like to at least put it there explicitly so I can see it.

116

And this to me should be the correct answer.

117

Now, what we need to do to check our answer

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and actually show if we got the answer right is just click this check answer button.

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We can also do control shift enter, but I'm going to click the check answer.

120

And there we go.

121

We got the solution correct.

122

So let's go ahead and come up here.

123

We're going to go to our next question.

124

This is another easy question on Analyst Builder.

125

Again, I'm going to leave a link in the description if you want to try out this exact question.

126

But let's take a look at this one.

127

This is called Apply Discount.

128

It says a computer store is offering a 25 % discount for all new customers over the age of 65

129

or customers that spend more than $200 on their first purchase.

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The owner wants to know how many customers received that discount since they started the promotion.

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Write a query to see how many customers received that discount.

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Okay.

133

And let's go down and look at the data.

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So we have customer ID, we have their age, and then we have their total purchase.

135

And let's just see if there's any duplicates in this customer ID.

136

It doesn't look like it.

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It looks like they're all just one purchase.

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The reason I was looking at that is it says all new customers, and it looks like these are all new customers.

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It doesn't look like there's any repeat customers that are old customers.

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So we're going to assume these are all new customers.

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If there was a multiple 1 ,001s, I would look for something like a transaction ID or a transaction date,

142

but those types of questions are usually a little bit more difficult in like the medium hard types of questions.

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But let's go make some notes real quick.

144

So we have to filter on two different things.

145

They have to meet one of these criteria in order to be in the output.

146

They either have to be over the age of 65, so over 65, and let's do over 65,

147

or they just have to meet one of these, or have spent more than 200, or spent more than 200.

148

And that shouldn't be capitalized.

149

So that's what we need

150

And then the owner is just wanting to know

151

How many customers received that discount

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So we're going to do a count

153

On the number of customers

154

That fit that filter I'll write it like that

155

So it's just going to be a number in our output

156

This one should be I would say even a little bit

157

Simpler than the last one

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Because we're not having to filter

159

Or really do anything like that

160

Now let's run this

161

And let's come down here.

162

So we're gonna do a count eventually on this customer ID,

163

but what we need to do is filter on both the age and the total purchase.

164

So let's write this out.

165

So age needs to be, and I need to write where, where age is greater than 65.

166

Now, I'm not saying greater than or equal to, because right here it says for new customers over the age of 65.

167

If it said age 65 or over, I would say greater than or equal to.

168

I want to be, these questions can be very specific.

169

And then we'll say and, or actually or, because it's either of these need to be true.

170

Or the total purchase.

171

And again, it says more than 200.

172

So we're going to say greater than 200.

173

Now let's run this.

174

And let's just kind of look down here.

175

There's a lot of people that fit this bill, it looks like.

176

Yeah, the majority of people, that's great.

177

So we're gonna give them a discount.

178

These are people that received a discount.

179

So all we're gonna do is account on this customer ID.

180

So let's do account on customer ID.

181

Let's run this, and our answer is 14.

182

All we have to do is check this answer to make sure it is correct.

183

So let's hit the check answer, and there we go your solution is correct.

184

Now, one thing I will say about just technical interviews in general is oftentimes

185

they want to make sure you know how to write it, but even more so, they're really checking to make sure you understand how SQL works.

186

So when I'm writing this out, if I'm in an actual interview, I would be talking this out loud to the interviewer who's interviewing me.

187

I would say, okay, it looks like I need to filter on this

188

and I need to do a count on these things.

189

Now, you only would know how to do that if you know MySQL or if you know SQL, right?

190

Again, they really wanna hear your thought process.

191

And so walking through it exactly how I did in the actual interview is exactly what the interviewer wants to hear.

192

Now, writing it correctly is still very important, especially as you get to the more difficult questions, right?

193

You want to know certain functions and certain ways to write things, but you should be talking all this out loud during your interview.

194

Now, one other really cool thing, I'm just going to show you this at the end is if I go over to my profile,

195

I'm actually earning points for these questions.

196

So right down here, I just earned a couple extra points towards my MySQL badge

197

and I can go all the way up to expert and then master as well.

198

And so I am well on my way.

199

And then in future videos, when we do the medium and the hard and then the very hard questions,

200

we earn even more points for those because they are more difficult and they go towards these badges.

201

So that is how we solve those easy SQL technical interview questions on Analyst Builder, go ahead and try those out.

202

There's tons of other free questions on the platform that you can just try out.

203

And there's lots of easy ones, but then we're also gonna be taking a look at medium, hard, and very hard in future lessons.

204

With that being said, I hope you enjoyed this video.

205

If you did, be sure to like and subscribe below, and I will see you in the next video.

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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “Solving Easy SQL Interview Questions on Analyst Builder” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: customer, interview, Sql, issue, owner วิดีโอนี้มี 205 ประโยค และ 2342 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 12:05 ผู้พูดพูดเร็ว ประมาณ 194 คำต่อนาที จึงมีการเชื่อมเสียงและลดเสียงค่อนข้างมาก 90% ของคำอยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงตามได้ง่าย

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์	คำอ่าน	ความหมาย
filter คำนาม	/ˈfɪltɚ/	กรอง, เครื่องกรอง
output คำนาม	/ˈaʊtpʊt/	เอาท์พุต
discount คำนาม	/ˈdɪskaʊnt/	ส่วนลด
solve คำกริยา	/sɒlv/	แก้, แก้ไข
hire คำกริยา	/ˈhaɪɹ/	จ้าง
earn คำกริยา	/ɝn/	หาเงิน
select คำกริยา	/sɪˈlɛkt/	คัดเลือก
hint คำนาม	/hɪnt/	คำใบ้
badge คำนาม	/bæd͡ʒ/	แหนบ, สัญลักษณ์
query คำนาม	/ˈkwɪɹ.i/	สอบถาม
vast คำคุณศัพท์	/væst/	ว้างเวิ้ง, ไพศาล
lesson คำนาม	/ˈlɛs.ən/	บทเรียน
explanation คำนาม	/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/	การอธิบาย
promotion คำนาม	/pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/	การเลื่อนตำแหน่ง
column คำนาม	/ˈkɒləm/	เสา

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์	ความหมาย
try out คำกริยา	ลอง

ประโยคที่ควรฝึกพูดซ้ำ

ประโยคสั้น ๆ ที่สมบูรณ์จากวิดีโอ ซึ่งนำไปใช้ในบทสนทนาประจำวันได้:

We're gonna be practicing these questions on analystbuilder .com.
Let's get that owner name.
We're going to go to our next question.
I'm actually earning points for these questions.

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 66 ครั้ง เช่น we're, gonna, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: inspection /ɪnˈspɛkʃən/, transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, promotion /pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/, consideration /kənˌsɪd.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/, consideration /kənˌsɪd.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, capitalize /ˈkæpətəˌlaɪz/, criterion /kɹaɪˈtɪɹ.i.ən/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: solve /sɒlv/, badge /bæd͡ʒ/, skill /skɪl/, dive /daɪv/, interface /ˈɪn(t)ɚˌfeɪs/
/v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: solve /sɒlv/, interviewer /ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/, vast /væst/, dive /daɪv/, whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/
/z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, resume /ˈɹɛz.ə.meɪ/, organize /ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/, columns /ˈkɑləmz/, capitalize /ˈkæpətəˌlaɪz/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
เริ่มที่ความเร็ว 0.75× พูดตามทีละประโยค แล้วกลับไปใช้ความเร็วปกติเมื่อเริ่มคล่อง
อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง filter, output, discount เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →

ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: Solving Easy SQL Interview Questions on Analyst Builder

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