Shadowing Practice: Exercise Makes You Smarter - This Is Why (animated) - Learn English Speaking with Video
Ders oluşturuluyor...
1
Back when I was in still in school there was this stereotype going around.
2
Kids who were nerdy and never did any kind of sports were considered the most intelligent and bright.
3
The jocks who were sporty and fit, were often branded as simple-minded and empty-headed.
4
So by following this stereotype you had two groups: Smart and weak.
5
Dumb and fit.
6
However in the recent years, there's a new stereotype that's gained popularity: A smart jock.
7
An individual who is both intellectually gifted and is physically fit.
8
Did they win the genetic lottery or is it possible that exercise could make you smarter?
9
First we need to take a look back in the past before we can draw any conclusions.
10
Not that long ago, there was this prevailing theory that we had a fixed amount of brain cells.
11
You were either born smart, with a big brain, or you weren't.
12
And once we became adults our brains were supposed to stop creating new neurons, and we could only lose neurons as we got older.
13
Saying the brain could grow and form new brain cells, got you ridiculed and made fun of by the scientific community.
14
However in the mid 90s some scientists were looking for a way to prevent Alzheimer's disease.
15
For those that don't know, Alzheimer's is the most common cause of dementia, a general term for memory loss and other cognitive abilities.
16
It's identified by a loss of neurons in certain brain regions.
17
To put it simply, the disease shrinks your brain.
18
Over the 4 year period, the scientists found 3 factors or 3 lifestyle changes, that actually helped prevent the cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease.
19
The first factor was continuous learning and education.
20
Things like reading books and learning more about the world around us, fall in this category.
21
The second was self efficacy and mindset.
22
Basically an individual’s belief in their innate ability to do things well and achieve their goals.
23
But third and last, was physical exercise.
24
The first two factors weren't so surprising, but the third one was.
25
How could exercise be the most potent lifestyle change you could make to keep your brain going?
26
As far as we knew, exercise didn't act on the brain.
27
One of the scientists of the group, Carl Cotman, went back to his lab and decided to study what's going on.
28
So he got a bunch of mice and had them run on a running wheel from 7 to 14 days.
29
But it wasn't all fun and games for the mice, as their brains were eventually dissected.
30
He looked at their brains and the cortex, which is the top part of the brain, was thicker.
31
And there was one particular area called the hippocampus which was bigger, when compared to the mice that didn't run on the wheel.
32
The brain's cortex is where our long term memories are stored.
33
And the hippocampus is like a center for learning and short term memory.
34
So Carl found the answer he was looking for.
35
Exercise was making our brains grow new cells and neurons.
36
This is why it was preventing brain's deterioration and cognitive decline.
37
Carl's findings paved a way for a whole new research field in science, by showing the world that the brain is astonishingly flexible, able to be retrained and reprogrammed.
38
Like a muscle, it responds to use, adapting to new demands and conditions.
39
It also withers without use.
40
So it's either "use it, or lose it".
41
However that doesn't quite explain why exercise is making our brains grow new neurons.
42
Most people would consider "using your brain" as doing something creative or logical, like writing a book or solving a puzzle.
43
But that's not really what the brain's main function is.
44
The only reason why humans have such big brains is for one purpose, and that purpose only.
45
And the reason is to perform adaptable complex movements.
46
Simply put, we have a brain made to move.
47
As pointed out by a neurophysiologist Rodolfo LLinas, only a mobile creature needs a brain.
48
To illustrate this, he used an example of a tiny jellyfish like animal, called a sea squirt.
49
Born with a simple spinal cord and a three hundred neuron brain, the sea squirt moves around in the ocean until it finds a coral rock, where it will spend the rest of its life.
50
However once safely attached, the sea squirt simply digest its own brain for extra energy.
51
For most of it's life, it looks much more like a plant than an animal, and since it's not moving anymore, it has no more use for a brain.
52
When we bring the word "exercise" to mind, we might think of someone trying get it in shape or becoming buff.
53
However today we know that exercise has a much bigger effect on our brain, than on our body.
54
Physical activity activates most of your brain regions simultaneously, because like we just said, we need a brain to move.
55
Conditioning the heart and building muscle are essentially side effects.
56
But the most profound effect exercise has on our brain, is that it improves our learning ability.
57
We mentioned earlier that the mice that ran on the running wheel had a bigger hippocampus, which is the brain's center for memory and learning.
58
The reason it was bigger is because when we exercise, we raise our levels of BDNF.
59
BDNF or brain derived neurotrophic factor is a powerful protein that stimulates the production of new brain cells and strengthens existing ones.
60
It's found in the hippocampus, cortex, and basal forebrain.
61
All these brain areas are vital to learning, memory, and higher thinking.
62
BDNF can be compared to a plant fertilizer.
63
Plants need water, sun and soil to grow.
64
However most soil doesn't provide the essential nutrients required for optimal plant growth.
65
This is why plant fertilizer is added.
66
Just like a plant fertilizer supports plant growth, BDNF acts as a brain fertilizer.
67
BDNF nourishes brain cells and makes them grow new synapses.
68
A study in 2013 showed that just 20 to 40 minutes of exercise increased BDNF in the blood by 32%.
69
This ties closely to the German study, where they found that people learn vocabulary words 20% faster, after physical activities.
70
And the rate of learning is directly correlated with the levels of BDNF.
71
To put it simply, the higher our levels of BDNF are, the easier it is to learn new things.
72
And if you've been paying any attention right now, you know what gives a significant boost of BDNF.
73
Which brings out a more interesting question; is there a correlation between fitness and academics?
74
Only a few researchers have tackled this question.
75
However a study from Virginia Tech showed that cutting gym class and devoting more time to math, science and reading, did not improve test scores. as many assume it would.
76
Cutting away exercise and spending more time behind the books could actually decrease your test results.
77
Over the past few years the California Department of Education has consistently shown that students with higher fitness scores also have higher test scores.
78
In 2001 study, kids who were fit, scored twice as well on academic tests as those who were unfit.
79
Body mass index and aerobic fitness were the most significant contributors.
80
This means that if you want to get better grades, you might want to start by lacing up your running shoes, before hitting the books.
81
There's a school in Naperville Illinois that took full advantage of this.
82
Over the 20 year period, they evolved their PE program to one of the best in the world.
83
The program was started in response to research which linked exercise to increased brain function.
84
As a result, they have turned 19,000 students in Naperville District 203, into one of the fittest in the nation.
85
Only 3% of them were overweight, without a single obese child.
86
This was at a time when 33% of America's kids were overweight, with this number increasing to 37% over the past years, and still no sign of stopping.
87
What's more interesting is that the Naperville program has also turned those students into some of the smartest in the nation.
88
In 1999 Naperville's students took an international test called TIMSS, which evaluates knowledge of math and science of different countries.
89
Almost every year the Asian countries score the highest, while United States is usually in the mid teens, but Napperville is an exception.
90
The students took the test as a country, to see how they would perform, and they finished sixth in math and first in science.
91
Sixth and first in the world, as a school.
92
Wow. Not only that, but 97 percent of the 8th graders took the test, so it's not only the top students who were picked for it.
93
How did they do it?
94
As I mentioned they were the fittest school in the nation.
95
The key word here is fit.
96
Fit doesn't mean you're skinny.
97
The benefits of exercise don't kick in with your shape and size, but it has a lot to do with what you're doing.
98
It's much better to be overweight, but active daily, than being skinny and inactive.
99
Like I said, building muscle or losing weight are essentially side effects that will come over time.
100
When students from Naperville go for a mile run, they are more prepared to learn in their other classes.
101
Thanks to exercise, their focus and mood are improved and they feel more motivated and less tense in school.
102
That's why their early morning PE program is called "Learning Readiness" class.
103
Physical activity primes the brain for learning and if we look at it from an evolutionary standpoint, it makes perfect sense why.
104
Often we forget that humans evolved as hunter gatherers.
105
It's only in the last few centuries that our lives have become more sedentary.
106
However, evolution doesn't work that fast, and today we still have the same brains as our ancestors.
107
As little as 10,000 years ago we were still hunting and gathering, and we moved anywhere from 10 to 14 miles every single day.
108
We were foraging for food, constantly moving from place to place, looking for a new shelter.
109
If you weren't fit enough to run, climb or swim, you were removed from the gene pool.
110
As far as our brains are concerned, physical activity counts as a novel experience.
111
Whenever we were moving, it meant something important was happening.
112
We had to escape from a predator or remember the path we took so we didn't get lost.
113
However when we were resting, it meant nothing important was going on.
114
We still have this ancient mechanism, so as far as our brains are concerned, if we're not moving, there's no reason to learn or remember anything.
115
So what kind of physical activity should you do to reap the most benefits?
116
The answer is high intensity aerobic exercise.
117
Going to the gym and lifting weights every 10 minutes, like many powerlifters do, doesn't seem to have such a powerful impact, as high intensity exercise does.
118
Powerlifting still benefits the brain, don't get me wrong.
119
However if you want to get the most out of it, you need to get your heart rate to at least 80% of its maximum beats per minute.
120
Some of the best activities are running or cycling.
121
But it's even better if the activity involves some complex motor movements, and it's not just putting one foot after the other.
122
Good examples are tennis and dancing.
123
Optimal daily dose of exercise seems to be 20 to 40 minutes in the morning.
124
For some people the benefits last for the whole day, but for the majority they seem to last for about 2-4 hours.
125
This is why it might be a better idea to break it down in to smaller segments.
126
So let's say you do 20 minutes of your core exercise in the morning and then exercise 2 times for 5 minutes throughout the day.
127
This way you can extend the benefits.
128
If you haven't been active for a while, it's better to slowly build up to those times.
129
30 minutes is just a recommendation and not a requirement.
130
Even just walking for 30 minutes could have a powerful effect.
131
It's up to you to find your optimal dose, depending on your schedule and personal needs.
132
So to answer the question, can exercise make you smarter?
133
Going for a run sadly won't turn you into a genius.
134
But it will prime your state of mind and at the cellular level, improve the brain's potential to log and process information.
135
You will be able to learn things faster and more efficiently.
136
However it's up to you to put yourself in a situation where you're actually learning something.
137
If you go exercise and then right after go sit on a couch while watching TV series, you're not learning anything of value.
138
But if you put your mind to it and try learning something new, whether it's a new skill or just studying for the test, you will find that it's much easier to do so.
139
By knowing more about the world around you and how things work, you could say that, yes, you've become smarter.
140
We all have the ability to boost our brainpower and all we need to do is lace up our running shoes.
141
Thanks for watching.
142
I hope this video made you better than yesterday.
📺 Aynı Kanal
B21
Be Careful When Using Your Phone (animated)
Business EnglishTeensDaily Conversation
B2Sleep Smarter by Shawn Stevenson (animated book summary) - How To Get Better Sleep
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B212
Why You Should Read Books - The Benefits of Reading More (animated)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2The Miracle Morning by Hal Elrod (animated book summary) - How to Create a Morning Routine
Business EnglishWorking Adults
B1Lucid Dreams for Beginners - How to Lucid Dream Tonight (animated)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B1How to Meditate as a Beginner - Meditation Guide for Beginners (animated)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2What Happens When We Don't Get Enough Sleep - Scary Effects of Sleep Deprivation (animated)
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B1How to STOP Waking Up Feeling TIRED Every Morning - 4 Tips (animated)
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B2The Willpower Instinct by Kelly McGonigal (animated book summary) - How Willpower Works
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2This Is Your Brain On Music - How Music Benefits The Brain (animated)
University StudentsWorking Adults
B2Cold Showers - Why They're Good For You
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1How Exercise Benefits Your Brain - Exercise and The Brain (animated)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2Why You Should Quit Social Media - Why It's Bad For You (animated)
Business EnglishTeensDaily Conversation
B2Are You Lazy? Or Are You Just Tired? - Know The Difference
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2Why You Can't FOCUS - And How To Fix That
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2How To Get Out Of A Mental Rut
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2Why You're Always Tired Between 1pm - 4pm (and what to do about it)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2Feeling Lonely? You're Not Alone
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2Your Brain Is FRIED - Here’s What To Do About It
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
✨ Video Öner
B170 cümleler
Video
Business EnglishTeensDaily Conversation
B217
17 cümleler
How exercise benefits your body
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B12
39 cümleler
The Human Machine.
TeensDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B28
96 cümleler
This Is How Geniuses Train Their Mind — IQ Is Not Fixed
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
79 cümleler
BTL Thuyết trình
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
347 cümleler
How to actually get smarter (again)
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
306 cümleler
Start This Habit to Change Your Body Forever | Senada Greca
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B23
130 cümleler
3 Brain Tricks That Make You Happier in 15 Seconds
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
C179
42 cümleler
How playing an instrument benefits your brain - Anita Collins
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B2341 cümleler
🔥 Your Brain Is Making You Lazy — Rewire It for UNBREAKABLE Discipline
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
44 cümleler
🧠-health mini: train your brain during war
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
14 cümleler
THE BEST TIME TO EXERCISE
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu B2 seviyesindeki konuşma dersi “Exercise Makes You Smarter - This Is Why” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: brain, exercise, learning, Bdnf. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 142 cümle ve 2207 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 15:53 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 139 kelimelik dengeli bir hızla konuşuyor; gölgeleme için rahat bir tempo. Kelimelerin %85’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında; geri kalanına başlamadan önce bakmakta fayda var.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodaki en ileri düzey 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| neuron isim | /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/ | nöron, sinir hücresi |
| hippocampus isim | /ˌhɪpə(ʊ)ˈkæm.pəs/ | hipokampus |
| squirt fiil | /skwɝt/ | fışkırtmak, püskürtmek |
| stereotype isim | /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/ | basmakalıp söz, kalıplaşmış yargı |
| mathematics isim | /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/ | matematik |
| intensity isim | /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/ | yoğunluk |
| dose isim | /ˈdəʊ̯s/ | doz |
| adaptable sıfat | /əˈdæptəbəl/ | uyumlu |
| ancestor isim | /ˈæn.sɛs.tɚ/ | ata |
| forage isim | /ˈfoɹɪd͡ʒ/ | yem |
| forebrain isim | ön beyin | |
| grader isim | /ˈɡɹeɪdɚ/ | greyder |
| innate sıfat | /ɪˈneɪt/ | doğuştan, yaratılıştan |
| jellyfish isim | /ˈd͡ʒɛliˌfɪʃ/ | denizanası |
| nourish fiil | /ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/ | beslemek |
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Edilgen yapı be + fiilin üçüncü hâli — kimin yaptığı değil, ne olduğu önemli | were considered · were often branded · are stored |
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | have tackled · have turned · has also turned |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | Kids who were · cortex, which is · hippocampus which was |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı doesn't, you're, didn't gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 24 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “th” sesleri: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, wither /ˈwɪðɚ/, strengthen /ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: deterioration /dəˌti.ɹi.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/, jellyfish /ˈd͡ʒɛliˌfɪʃ/, nourish /ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/, dementia /dɪˈmɛnʃə/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: hippocampus /ˌhɪpə(ʊ)ˈkæm.pəs/, stereotype /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, intensity /ɪnˈtɛnsɪti/, adaptable /əˈdæptəbəl/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: squirt /skwɝt/, overweight /ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/, powerlifting [ˈpawə(ɹ)ˌlɪftɪŋ], wither /ˈwɪðɚ/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: neuron /ˈn(j)ʊɹɑn/, squirt /skwɝt/, stereotype /ˈstɛ.ɹi.əˌtaɪp/, skinny /ˈskɪni/, brainpower /ˈbɹeɪnˌpaʊ.ɚ/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: hippocampus /ˌhɪpə(ʊ)ˈkæm.pəs/, mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, adaptable /əˈdæptəbəl/, ancestor /ˈæn.sɛs.tɚ/, synapse /ˈsɪnæps/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- Normal hızda cümle cümle tekrar edin; ritminiz konuşmacıyla aynı olana kadar her cümleyi yineleyin.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; neuron, hippocampus, squirt gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.