Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: What Is a Data Mesh? Databricks Unity Catalog Explained
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to make everything is clean
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and it's clear who is offering what what we're gonna do
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we are back yeah to the hub a little bit
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but this time this hub is marketplace what do we have
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in the marketplace is the following everyone gonna announce their products into central place say hey
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i offer the sales data hey i offers the hr data hey
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i offer the finance data maybe not not arrows sorry for
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that yeah arrows okay
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so the dotted arrow means not the data gonna move to central place
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this is very important to understand the data gonna stay at their places yeah
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so it stays at domain a stays at domain b it stays at domain d
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and so on it's just we're gonna make one gigantic catalog about the data into central place
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so it is a marketplace where everyone announcing their data
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i have the sales i have five tables i have 10 tables
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so it's like bizarre it is very very cool
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because the data analyst they just go to the marketplace
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and read it
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and they can understand okay the whole company how many data
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do we have how many tables how many domains how the size without doing
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this journey by visiting each of those domains without running around in circles to find the data
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they're to go to one place and my friends she gonna find the data fast
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and she gonna understand aha in order to make my reports
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i need the sales data i need this i need
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that i need from this and i'm gonna be able to work
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but this is not only for the analyst as well for
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the ai engineer for any new projects have been in the company
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we know where the data is um
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this is why we're gonna need a central market central place by the way
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this is not anymore federated i just introduced you to the data mesh
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it's not anymore federated things are going to the middle
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so data mesh is no more central team doing the whole thing yeah this is very clear
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because we have federated we split the data by domains each domain
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they're gonna do the whole thing alone we're gonna have data as a product
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that means we're gonna have documentations i'm gonna explain more what is data as a product
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because it's way more than that
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but we're gonna have each domain
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they're gonna make a catalog about their data into central place the marketplace
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they're gonna document it they have a product owners
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and everything is like systemized and documented with high quality
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and all those stuff so the data mesh concept says again physically each domain gonna have
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that data they're gonna own the data at their own place
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they never go to the central place they never go to the hub
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they never go to the central lake house they're gonna stay at
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that department at the domain physically gonna stay at the domains
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but we're gonna make a virtual place where the whole metadata of the whole company gonna be described
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so that if auditor comes they can read the marketplace
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if a new developers comes to the company they're gonna go to the marketplace
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if any news gate new data use case happen to the company we start from the marketplace
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and understand it this picture it is not only the companies
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that understood it who understood this as well it's always the data Databricks.
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They are very, very up to date with all pains of companies.
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This is amazing, really.
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I'm not trying here to sell anything, okay?
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I'm not sponsored or something from Databricks.
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I'm just trying to say here.
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Databricks came and understood, oh, companies are moving to this.
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How about I'm gonna offer something similar to this?
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I would like, like, because Databricks stopped us here.
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Let me just take the icon.
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Now, I'm breaking a little bit the vendor, okay?
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But it is not that important.
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Now, Databricks at the start stopped at here and said, hey, you can make
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Spark, you can make lake houses.
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It's the best thing.
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And they start selling this like crazy.
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But they saw this is happening.
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Companies are making multiple lake houses left and right, and they're going to need something called marketplace.
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And now if you are learning Databricks, you're going to understand the origins of the Unity Catalog.
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Unity Catalog is made for this is made in order to
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make data mesh concepts in order to make domain -driven architectures
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this is what we call domain you're gonna hear a lot
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if you go as an architect people are making domain oriented
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or domain driven architecture
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and this is exactly what we mean at the data world we say data mesh
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and now the vendor databricks join this picture
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this is exactly what they are trying to sell for the companies yeah i have some doubts about it
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but it's working
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but not for big companies yeah let me just explain where that's why two years ago yeah
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i was making my projects
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and then suddenly i've seen something called catalog yeah the catalog yeah the unity catalog
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they introduced the unity catalog who knows the unity catalog data bricks had something similar like a marketplace
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but it was not a marketplace
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it was just a database catalog for your project just only for you for your project okay
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and they called it the hive metastore it's legacy name you will not find it
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but i'm just telling you the story about it they have like some kind
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it looks like a database okay you are you are you are looking at the unit catalog
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but it was only for you for your projects and They switch the whole thing to a marketplace.
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So you see here, it's called my organization.
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Well, maybe in big companies, it's going to be like the company's name.
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And you will be able to browse not only your projects, but you're going to find as well all the catalogs of the whole company.
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Now, I cannot show you the example because I have here only one example.
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So imagine here, I'm going to see inside my organization, maybe 30 catalogs, the sales, after sales, the manufacturing and all those stuff so
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that means they made this local catalog
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that is available only for a project they made it only visible for the whole company
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and this is what suddenly i was like working towards
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and this happens to my project i was working at my project
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and i saw only one catalog this is my catalog
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and i'm doing the server bronze gold and i'm building the warehouse
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and then in the next day i was not following the news i opened my catalog
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and i saw 200 catalogs that's all because suddenly i'm able to see the whole company catalog.
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They turned each local instance or each local project into like a global catalog that is available for everyone.
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So everyone was able to see my projects and I am able to see everyone else's projects.
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So that means if you are working in Databricks, this is the Unity catalog, my friends.
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And with that, we just, I don't know, I think they did cost them a lot of work they just turned the local catalogs
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that each project have into a global one
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and they solved this issue with the data mesh
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and that's exactly why we have now something called unity catalog
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this is exactly the reason behind it they want everyone to be able to access everyone
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or let's say everything should be visible for everyone else this is still issue the thing is the vendor, they are trying to, yeah,
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to sell us this idea, which is amazing, I think.
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But this is going to work, yeah, I'm going to say only if everyone is working in Databricks, right?
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So if everyone is in Databricks, this is going to work because they're going to share their stuff to the middle, right?
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Now, if a company gets, I don't know, sophisticated and they do things outside of catalog,
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this is going to be challenging to make the Unity Catalog as a central place.
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They try it's like there's some work around and stuff
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but they it could work of course but
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if the company have like on -prem solutions
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if one domain is not working at all in the cloud
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if other is using i don't know yeah azure we have azure stuff fabric
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if the company is not clean about that platform strategy
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and they allow multiple platforms then sadly this will not work that's why in some companies,
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if they are big enough to say Databricks is not enough for them, they have to make their own catalog.
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Like at the end, I'm going to show you a few examples.
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I have made some with Claude.
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I'm just prepared a few visuals for you.
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Yeah, I don't have your catalog icon.
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Let's bring this here.
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So the company should then develop their own marketplace for this.
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So my friends, this is very cool to understand what is a data mesh
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and how our data is turning into something called products
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so it is not anymore this picture where you have central data engineers just prepare the data
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and give it the world is getting bigger
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we are getting a lot of new things
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we are focusing on only on domains we have yeah the product owners
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we have a marketplace for data yeah
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we are transitioning to this domain driven architecture
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i'm really happy with this yeah it's like one of the best i'm gonna say
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so far best practices on how to do it i love
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this idea to have the metadata data into stored into one place
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and as well to have the domains spread
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it around don't store anything centrally for big companies it will not work
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and yeah those discussions again happens at the elite level of the architect the principal architects
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and let's say the big managers the data officers and stuff like
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that so it's not something that we decide at our level level
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but if you hear about it if you join a company
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or something that they are doing domain you should know about the structure
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and it is relevant for you as a data analyst and stuff like that.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói này dựa trên video “What Is a Data Mesh? Databricks Unity Catalog Explained”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: catalog, domain, marketplace, project, databricks. Video này có 147 câu và 1755 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 9:10. Người nói nói nhanh, khoảng 191 từ mỗi phút, nên sẽ có nhiều chỗ nối âm và nuốt âm. 85% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| domain danh từ | /ˌdəʊˈmeɪ̯n/ | đất đai, tài sản |
| architecture danh từ | /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/ | kiến trúc |
| arrow danh từ | /ˈæɹəʊ/ | mũi tên, tên |
| architect danh từ | /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ | kiến trúc sư |
| vendor danh từ | /ˈvɛn.dɚ/ | ngưởi bán hàng rong |
| visible tính từ | /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/ | nhìn thấy được, khả kiến |
| introduce động từ | /ˌɪntɹəˈdus/ | giới thiệu |
| database danh từ | /ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/ | cơ sở dữ liệu, CSDL |
| announce động từ | /əˈnaʊn(t)s/ | thông báo |
| icon danh từ | /ˈaɪ.kɑn/ | biểu tượng |
| gate danh từ | /ˈɡeɪ̯t/ | cổng |
| cloud danh từ | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | mây |
| server danh từ | /ˈsɝvɚ/ | trình chủ, máy chủ |
| solve động từ | /sɒlv/ | giải quyết |
| elite danh từ | /ɪˈlit/ | giới tinh hoa, giới thượng lưu |
Những câu đáng luyện lại
Các câu ngắn, trọn ý trong video mà bạn có thể dùng lại khi giao tiếp hằng ngày:
- I'm not trying here to sell anything, okay?
- I'm just trying to say here.
- How about I'm gonna offer something similar to this?
- I'm just prepared a few visuals for you.
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | have been · have federated · i've seen |
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | be described · is made |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 68 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ gonna, I'm, they're. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: mesh /mɛʃ/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, azure /ˈæʒɚ/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/, developer /dɪˈvɛləpɚ/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, metadata /ˈmɛt.əˌdeɪ.tə/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: architect /ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/, analyst /ˈænəlɪst/, announce /əˈnaʊn(t)s/, solve /sɒlv/, bronze /bɹɑnz/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: architecture /ˈɑː.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃə/, virtual /ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/, gigantic /d͡ʒaɪˈɡæntɪk/, azure /ˈæʒɚ/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: catalogue /ˈkæt.əˌlɔɡ/, arrow /ˈæɹəʊ/, analyst /ˈænəlɪst/, transition /tɹænˈzɪʃ.ən/, sadly /ˈsædli/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như domain, architecture, arrow.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.