跟讀練習: How Humans Change the Environment: Impact, Pollution, and Solutions - 通過影片學習英語口語
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27 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
You've discovered that living things can cause both positive and negative changes in their surroundings.
2
Usually these changes are small and happen over a very long time.
3
However, humans can make big changes quickly.
4
How?
5
They use machines that create massive changes in the environment.
6
Imagine a river flowing through a desert habitat.
7
What would happen if a dam was built across the river?
8
A lake would form behind the dam, and many creatures would be unable to survive.
9
The water would be used to water crops, turning some of the desert into farmland.
10
Consider how a forest changes when a farm takes its place.
11
What are some of these changes?
12
People have learned to adapt their environment to survive and make life more comfortable.
13
For instance, they cut down trees to get wood for houses.
14
Red roads are made through forests to speed up traffic.
15
Coal is dug up from the ground for heating, leaving big holes behind.
16
Most of these changes can hurt the environment.
17
People create many toxic substances when they manufacture items in factories.
18
These chemicals can harm or even kill animals and plants.
19
Dangerous materials like these are known as pollutants.
20
When we add pollutants to the environment, it causes pollution.
21
There are various types of pollutants.
22
For instance, car exhaust contributes to air pollution, and oil spills in the ocean lead to water pollution.
23
A pie chart is a circular diagram that displays the portions that make up a whole.
24
The pie chart demonstrates how different pollution sources can affect a single city.
25
Many changes humans make to the environment can harm or even wipe out living creatures.
26
these organisms may be at risk of disappearing entirely and are called endangered species.
27
Can you think of ways to help them?
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 B1 級別的口語課以影片“How Humans Change the Environment: Impact, Pollution, and Solutions”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：changes, environment, pollution, pollutants。 這段影片共有 27 個句子、296 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 1:56。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 153 個詞，接近日常對話。 只有 80% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| pollution 名詞 | /pəˈluʃən/ | 汙染 |
| pollutant 名詞 | /pəˈl(j)uːtənt/ | 汙染物 |
| farmland 名詞 | /ˈfɑːɹmlænd/ | 農田 /農田, 田地 |
| organism 名詞 | /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ | 生物, 有機體 /有機體 |
| surroundings 名詞 | /səˈɹaʊndɪŋz/ | 周圍 /周圍 |
| exhaust 動詞 | /ɪɡˈzɔst/ | 抽完 |
| spill 動詞 | /spɪl/ | 潑掉 /潑掉, 潑 /潑 |
| diagram 名詞 | /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/ | 圖 /圖, 圖表 /圖表 |
| endangered 形容詞 | /ɪnˈdeɪn.d͡ʒɚd/ | 瀕危 /瀕危 |
| circular 形容詞 | /ˈsɜɹ.kjə.ləɹ/ | 圓 /圓 |
| adapt 動詞 | /əˈdæpt/ | 適應 /適應 |
| wipe 動詞 | /waɪp/ | 擦, 擦拭 |
| disappear 動詞 | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | 消失 |
| crop 名詞 | /kɹɑp/ | 作物 |
| demonstrate 動詞 | /ˈdɛm.ənˌstɹeɪt/ | 論證 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| cut down 動詞 | 砍倒 | |
| make up 動詞 | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | 組成 /組成 |
| speed up 動詞 | /spiːdˈʌp/ | 加速, 加快 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | was built · are made · is dug |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | You've discovered · have learned |
需要注意的發音
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: pollutant /pəˈl(j)uːtənt/, farmland /ˈfɑːɹmlænd/, surroundings /səˈɹaʊndɪŋz/, exhaust /ɪɡˈzɔst/, endangered /ɪnˈdeɪn.d͡ʒɚd/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: farmland /ˈfɑːɹmlænd/, circular /ˈsɜɹ.kjə.ləɹ/
- /æ/ — 嘴張大，不要讀成 /e/: farmland /ˈfɑːɹmlænd/, diagram /ˈdaɪ.ə.ɡɹæm/, habitat /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/, adapt /əˈdæpt/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 pollution, pollutant, farmland 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。