跟讀練習: How to Learn Any Language From Zero to Fluent (The Complete Guide) - 通過影片學習英語口語
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How long have you been trying to learn a language?
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Six months?
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Two years?
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Five years?
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Maybe you started in school and you're still not fluent.
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How much can you actually speak? Be honest.
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If I put you on the spot right now
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and ask you to say 10 sentences in your target language without looking anything up, could you do it?
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Because here's the reality of it.
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90 % of people who try to learn a language never
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even make it to a level where they can have a basic conversation.
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90%.
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And that means that if you're watching this right now, statistically, you're probably going to fail.
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And it's not because you're bad at languages or because you don't have the talent.
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It's because nobody ever showed you how to do it properly.
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So in this video, I'm going to show you everything.
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The complete system.
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Everything you need to do to learn a language fast and actually speak it fluently.
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Step by step.
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Nothing left out what to learn, which order, how to practice it, how much time it takes, what your day should look like, what happens in week one,
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week two, month two, month three, etc. And of course, what to do when you get stuck.
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And if you stay until the end, I'll show you a couple more things too.
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First, the one technique that lets you understand native speakers, including native speaker content like films and podcasts,
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YouTube videos, way earlier than everyone else.
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And the second, the reason why most people who get to an intermediate level stay stuck there for the rest of their lives.
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And also I'll show you how to get out of it.
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My name is Mikel.
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I speak 12 languages and I developed a fast
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and efficient language learning system in the Innovation Center of the University of Dosto here in San Sebastian.
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I've helped thousands of people learn languages fast
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and I'm not going to give you some motivational speech about believing in yourself and enjoying the process.
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None of that nonsense.
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This is not about learning languages effortlessly the lazy way.
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This is hard work and most people won't do it.
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And that's exactly why most people fail.
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But if you do the work, it works and you'll get results.
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So let's get started.
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But first, I need to talk about some myths about language learning, some lies that you've been told,
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because almost everything you've been told about language learning is either incomplete or at worst,
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it's actively keeping you stuck and myth number one is
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that you need to study grammar to speak a language this
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is the biggest nonsense in language education think about it
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when you were two years old did your mom sit you down with a textbook
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and explain the grammar rules did she give you multiple choice exercises conjugation tables all of
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that no of course not you learned by listening to the language
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and repeating sentences out loud over and over again and by getting corrected.
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People corrected your mistakes until you got it right.
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That's how you learned your native language.
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Nobody gave you a grammar textbook before you could talk and you speak your native language perfectly.
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And yet, how do most people try to learn a foreign language?
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They study tenses and theory and grammar rules, conjugation tables.
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They do fill -in -the -blank exercises.
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And after years of that, they still freeze the moment a native speaker asks them a
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simple question that's actually most people in spain after years and years of english classes in school
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they know the rules they pass exams most of them
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but they can't have a basic conversation it's really really bad
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and i know this from experience and it's not only for english
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because i did four years of french classes at university as
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well four full years not four months four years with grammar tables, conjugation drills, all of that.
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And at the end of those four years, my French was basically non -existent.
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I had passed the exams, but completely incompetent at conversations.
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Nothing.
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Zero.
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And I can't really think of anyone from that class being able to speak French after four years.
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Because in real conversations, you don't have 30 seconds to remember the grammar rules
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and search for the vocab and fill the gaps.
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By the time you've retrieved the rule and applied it, the conversation has moved on without you.
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So you don't need to study grammar.
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Grammar is a side effect of language learning, not a prerequisite.
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Does that mean grammar is completely useless?
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No, of course not.
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You can use it like a dictionary.
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When you have a doubt, you look it up.
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That's fine.
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But it shouldn't be the center of your learning.
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That's a waste of time.
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The next myth that we need to tackle is that streaks in certain apps make you fluent.
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No, they don't.
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Let me ask you something.
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How many people do you know who actually got fluent using apps with streaks and cute animals?
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Zero, right?
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Yeah, that's what I thought.
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Those apps are designed to be addictive, not effective.
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They gamify learning because it keeps you coming back, not because it makes you fluent.
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So you get points and levels, streaks.
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All those little rewards and, of course, the cute animals with the colors.
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All of that is designed to give you a very satisfying feeling of progress.
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But you're not learning a language.
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You're playing a video game disguised as language learning.
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And here's how you can check if the app you're using is actually working.
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What can you do in the language now that you couldn't do a month ago?
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Can you have a basic conversation?
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If the answer is no, and you've been using the app every single day, religiously, keeping the streak alive for months,
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then you've been wasting your time imagine you've been learning something practicing every single day for 500
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or 1000 days in a row that's several years by the way
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and you still can't do it you're still completely incompetent the logical conclusion would be
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that the system is useless right especially
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if millions of other people are getting the same results as
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you that's really all you need to know about gamified apps
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and finally we need to debunk another myth and this is the one that's causing the most damage.
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To learn a language, you just need to immerse yourself and you'll learn naturally.
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Comprehensible input.
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Just watch YouTube videos in Spanish.
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You need more immersion.
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You need more comprehensible input.
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You need a silent period of six months.
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All of that nonsense.
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Sounds nice, but it doesn't work.
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Rather, it works incredibly slowly and only for some aspects of language learning.
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It doesn't work for speaking.
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And I know what some of you are thinking.
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But Mikkel, why do you hate comprehensible input so much?
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I don't hate comprehensible input.
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I read more than 100 books a year in a dozen languages.
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I do a lot of reading and listening in all the languages I've learned.
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But I'm realistic.
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I didn't learn to speak by reading and listening.
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I learned to speak by speaking.
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Then I can tell you exactly what happens if you only do input.
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Because I've done it before.
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After those four useless years of French classes, studying grammar, I went all in with comprehensible input.
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I live right next to the French border.
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We got French TV here.
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So I watched French TV every single day.
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I put French radio on in the background.
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I read magazines and eventually also read real books.
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Not graded readers.
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Real books by native speakers for native speakers.
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I read over 100 books in French.
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Thousands and thousands of hours of input.
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And the results in terms of comprehension were really good.
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I could read French as fast as I read Spanish, Basque or English.
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I could understand native speakers talking at full speed.
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No subtitles, no problem.
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But then every single time I was face to face with a French person, something strange happened.
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I understood every single word they said to me, but I couldn't produce a single sentence back.
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I just couldn't speak.
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And this wasn't one or two awkward encounters.
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By the way, this kept happening for years, over and over again.
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Full comprehension, but almost no ability to speak.
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And that's when I came to a conclusion that makes a lot of people in the internet very uncomfortable.
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Massive amounts of comprehensible input on its own does not teach you how to speak a language.
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It helps you understand, but understanding and speaking are two completely different skills, built through two completely different kinds of practice
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and there's another problem as well for
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so -called comprehensible input to be actually comprehensible you need to
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know at least 90 of the words you're hearing otherwise it's not comprehensible input it's basically noise
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so if it only works
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when you already know most of the words it's not a
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very effective way to learn new words is it passive immersion
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is like trying to learn to swim by watching olympic swimmers on tv you can watch all day
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if you're really into swimming you might even learn something useful
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but unless you practice properly you're still going to drown
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when you jump in the pool and let me be clear reading
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and listening are good the more the better they're great for reviewing what you already know but
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if your goal is to speak input alone is not enough
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here's what i need you to understand you can max out your listening comprehension
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and still freeze the moment someone asks you a question i've
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seen it happen hundreds of times people consume thousands of hours of content, and then they open their mouth and nothing comes out.
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I even worked with professional translators who could read and write perfectly in English, better than most native speakers.
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And before calls with clients, they'd come to me and say, can you do the talking?
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Because I can't really speak English.
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I can only read and write.
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They were terrified of speaking because they weren't used to speaking.
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They had lots of practice reading and writing, but not speaking.
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And reading, writing, listening and speaking are different skills And you get good at what you practice, remember that So if grammar doesn't work,
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most apps don't work And watching videos doesn't teach you how to speak What does actually work?
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Well, to answer that, you first need to understand what speaking actually is
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Because most people don't understand this Speaking is a physical skill
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It's not just about knowing the words It's not about knowing
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the grammar rules Your mouth needs to get used to producing the sounds of the language.
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in a way that's natural and comfortable
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and some of those sounds are probably very different from the sounds in your own language
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and like any other skill like sports or playing an instrument
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you need to practice actively you need more reps otherwise it's
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impossible the same way watching sports doesn't make you good at sports
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or going to concerts doesn't make you good at playing music
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listening to a language doesn't make you good at speaking it
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because listening is recognition your brain is decoding something that's already there.
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Speaking is retrieval.
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Your brain has to generate something from nothing in real time, under pressure, with almost no time to think.
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Recognition and retrieval are not the same thing.
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And you can train one of them for thousands of hours and it will do almost nothing for the other one.
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And speaking isn't even one skill.
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It's at least three different skills combined.
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And you need to train all three.
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The first one is fluency.
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Everyone confuses fluency with speaking well.
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But specifically, fluency means speaking with ease.
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Being able to say what you want to say without having to think too much about it.
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Forming complete sentences without stumbling, without running out of words, without going blank.
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That's fluency.
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The second one is pronunciation.
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Sounding as close as possible to a native speaker.
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And here's something interesting.
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You can speak very fluently with terrible pronunciation.
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There are tons of people who speak very fluently with a strong accent.
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And pronunciation matters.
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People need to understand you.
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And knowing the correct pronunciation also helps you understand other people better.
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But fluency should be the priority.
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Being able to say what you want to say.
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And finally, the third one is accuracy.
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Using the right words and the correct grammar in the right context.
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Making as few mistakes as possible.
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So three things.
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Thinking fast enough in the language to say what you want to say, being understood when you speak, and saying it with the minimum number of mistakes possible.
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And each one of these needs specific exercises.
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And I'm going to give you all of them in this video.
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But there's one more thing you need to know about speaking.
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It's not only a skill issue, it's also psychology.
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Because speaking a foreign language is like a performance.
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When you speak to native speakers for the first time in real life, it's a bit like public speaking, or playing live music or competing in sports and
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if you've ever fought in a boxing ring in front of
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a crowd you know exactly what i'm talking about performance anxiety
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is real you will get nervous the good news is
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that you can fix it how by improving your speaking skills
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and by noticing how much you are improving and by speaking more
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and more until it's not stressful anymore the more you do
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it the easier it gets like mike tyson used to say confidence confidence breeds success and success breeds confidence.
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So think about it this way.
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What does an actor do when they have to perform in a film in another language?
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Do they spend months studying grammar?
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Do they memorize endless lists of irregular verbs?
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Do they analyze every verb tense before they start speaking?
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No, of course not.
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They learn the script.
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They read it over and over again.
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And they listen to it over and over again.
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And they repeat it out loud.
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They imitate the pronunciation, the rhythm, the intonation everything until every line comes out automatically and
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when it's time to perform they're not thinking about grammar rules they're just speaking
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so why don't you learn languages the same way
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because the reality of it is learning to speak a language
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is a lot more like learning to act than studying a subject for an exam
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and that's the whole idea behind my system language learning is
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actually very simple you only need to do three things you
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need to learn a lot of useful sentences You need to listen to the language a lot
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And you need to speak the language a lot with feedback That's it That's really all you need Simple
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but not easy Because it's hard work
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If you want a clear plan showing you exactly how to
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implement this system I've organized everything into the Hyperpolyglot roadmap It gives you a structured 12 -week plan With the exercises,
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repetition targets and daily instructions All laid out for you You can find it through the link in the description All right,
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now let's talk about each part of the system and how they work together.
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So in order to learn a language, you need to learn a lot of useful sentences.
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You need to listen to the language a lot, and you need to speak the language a lot with feedback.
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And how many sentences do you need to know exactly?
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Well, with around 1 ,000 useful sentences, you will be conversational.
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That's the number.
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1 ,000 sentences, more or less.
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Useful sentences, of course.
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I've done it in language after language, and I've watched thousands of students do it as well.
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Not random sentences, useful sentences.
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Sentences you actually want to use in real life.
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This is where most people go completely wrong.
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Most language courses and apps teach you things you'll never say.
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The cat is on the table, the bear likes the banana.
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Unless you go to certain kind of nightclubs, when was the last time you needed to say that?
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These apps and courses have a one -size -fits -all approach.
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It doesn't matter if you're a university student, an expat, retired engineer, restaurant owner.
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It doesn't matter.
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They teach everyone exactly the same vocabulary in exactly the same order.
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But if you've got a business, learning to talk about your business is way more important than learning the names of the animals at the zoo.
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So you're going to learn two kinds of sentences.
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First, high -frequency sentences, the basics that everyone needs.
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And second, your own personal sentences.
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what I call language islands.
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Let's start with the basics.
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The first thing you need is the most common vocabulary in the language.
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And here's something most people don't know.
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The 1 ,000 most common words in the language will allow
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you to understand around 80 % of the vocabulary people use in real conversations.
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80 % with just 1 ,000 words.
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That's huge.
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So yes, start with the most common words.
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Learn them as fast as you can.
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But here's the crucial point.
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Never learn words in isolation.
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Always learn them inside complete sentences.
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Because if you memorize a word by itself, you might remember it, but you won't know how to use it in a real sentence.
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Context is everything.
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So for every word you learn, you learn at least one example sentence.
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Ideally several.
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And the most useful sentences to start with, especially if you're a complete beginner, are simple questions and answers.
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How are you?
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I'm fine.
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Thanks.
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What's your name?
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My name is Michael.
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Where are you from?
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I'm from this place.
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What do you do?
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I do this and that.
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Very simple, basic questions and answers.
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But in a real conversation, especially if you're talking to people you just met, there's going to be a lot of simple questions and answers.
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So if you learn these fast, your conversational level improves really, really quickly.
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And by the way, these sentences also contain all the basic grammar of the language.
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And this is really important, because when you learn full sentences, you're learning grammar without studying grammar rules.
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Because once you've learned 30 sentences in the past tense, you don't need to study the past tense.
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You're already able to use it.
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Your brain absorbs the pattern automatically.
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And after a few hundred sentences, you'll start to feel what sounds right, like a native speaker, before you can even explain why.
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No textbook required.
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And that intuitive grammar is the only type of grammar
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that actually works at normal speaking speed
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and this is exactly how the fastest language learning programs in
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the world work the fastest ones until now of course traditionally
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the fastest language programs in the world were programs built by governments and militaries
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that couldn't afford to learn slowly for example the foreign service
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institute trained american diplomats to professional fluency in months the defense
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language institute does the same thing for soldiers who need to be operational in a language before deployment.
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And you cannot send someone into the field with a textbook.
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You need actual skills.
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Well, both programs and many others ended up with the same core mechanic, the pattern drill.
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Instead of teaching a grammar rule and then trying to use it to form sentences,
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you drill a sentence structure over and over again with small variations until the pattern is automatic.
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You don't learn how verbs conjugate in the past tense.
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You drill it.
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I went to the store.
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I went to work.
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I went home.
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I went to the beach.
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Dozens of times in quick succession until your mouth already knows
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the grammar instead of your brain having to calculate it in the middle of the sentence.
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Because your brain doesn't retrieve abstract grammar rules in real time.
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It retrieves pre -built patterns.
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And repetition is what builds these patterns.
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You can do this yourself with any sentence.
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Take a sentence you already understand.
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I live in San Sebastian.
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Now change one word and say it out loud.
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I work in San Sebastian.
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I used to live in San Sebastian.
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I drive in San Sebastian.
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I party in San Sebastian.
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Not anymore, but whatever.
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And then you start changing more and more words.
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She lives in San Sebastian.
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You turn it into a question.
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Have you ever been in San Sebastian before?
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I don't live in San Sebastian.
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I live in Berlin.
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And you make them longer and more complex.
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I don't live in San Sebastian anymore.
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I like living in san sebastian
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but i don't like driving in san sebastian the combinations are endless
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and you always do this out loud as many reps as
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possible as fast as possible one sentence teaches you one sentence
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but a pattern drilled through 15
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or 20 variations teaches you the entire structure plus a pile of extra vocabulary
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so you walk away able to say sentences you've never specifically memorized
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because you internalized the shape of the sentence not just the content anyone who's done sports
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or martial arts will tell you the same thing nothing improves your skills faster than repetition and deliberate practice.
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Just do more drills For example, when I was competing in boxing,
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my performance got way better once I started drilling my favorite combos over and over again on my own at home.
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And then when I was sparring, I didn't hesitate.
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I just used the combos automatically.
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And drilling useful sentences and using them in conversation is exactly the same thing if you think about it.
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So that's your foundation.
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The most common words inside useful sentences.
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Basic questions and answers.
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Common sentence patterns drilled over and over again.
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But the basics alone won't make you fluent.
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They'll get you started.
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What makes you fluent is the next part.
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Language islands.
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And this is the most important concept in this entire video.
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So pay attention.
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A language island is a set of sentences connected to each other around one specific topic
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or for one specific situation in your life.
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Talking to strangers and introducing yourself.
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That's an island.
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Talking about your job.
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That's another island maybe several islands your hometown your family your
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hobbies why you're learning the language ordering food traveling meeting people
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telling a story from your past all those are language islands and
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when you have enough language islands dozens of islands you'll speak
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fluently not textbook fluency real conversational fluency the kind where people
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just talk to you like a normal person instead of treating you like a student
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and why does this work so well
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because we all talk about the same things over
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and over again everyone does this your job your family where
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you're from your plans your opinions the stories you usually tell
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these topics cover 95 to 99 of the things you normally talk about
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so if you prepare sentences for all of them
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and you learn them really well you can have real conversations in weeks not years
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and here's something that makes total sense but almost nobody does.
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Don't just learn individual sentences.
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Learn entire paragraphs.
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Exactly the same way an actor learns an entire scene, not just one line.
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Because real conversations never last one sentence.
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When someone asks you what you do for a living, you don't answer with one word.
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You usually answer with several sentences in a row.
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And when you talk about where you're from, that's a whole paragraph.
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When you explain why you're learning the language, That's also a paragraph.
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So why practice isolated words when you can learn entire paragraphs?
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Paragraphs you're actually going to use.
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You're basically preparing lots of mini speeches that you can use whenever you need them.
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For example, if I were learning a new language, my first island would be something like this.
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My name is Mikel.
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I'm from Donostia San Sebastian.
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I am a YouTuber.
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I have a bunch of YouTube channels in different languages, and so on and so on a short text about myself.
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I can memorize those lines
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and start speaking about myself with native speakers instantly without studying vocabulary
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or grammar because that island has already all the sentences I need to get started at least.
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Or let's say you play football.
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You create a language island about football.
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I play football every weekend with my friends.
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I like playing football.
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I've been playing football since I was a child etc. Now some of that vocabulary is low frequency.
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A textbook would never teach you some of those words in your first year.
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But for you, those words are really important, because it's a topic you constantly talk about.
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And vocabulary you learn this way sticks, because it's connected to your life.
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It's things you actually mean to say, so it's much easier to remember.
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When you study with someone else's materials, a lot of it will be irrelevant to you.
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When you study with your own sentences and paragraphs, you're learning how to be yourself in another language and that's exactly the kind of fluency you want.
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So how do you build your language islands?
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Well, this used to be a lot of work, very time -consuming, but it's not anymore.
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Technology has made it easy.
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Here's what you do.
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For a few days, talk to yourself constantly.
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Yes, out loud.
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Yes, you look a little crazy, but who cares?
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This works.
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You're going to use a speech -to -text app on your phone to capture everything you say, narrate your entire life.
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When you wake up, say what you're going to do today When you're making breakfast, talk about whatever you're going to have for breakfast And after work,
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you can rant about how boring and unnecessary all those meetings were Every single thing that comes to mind, say it to your phone, capture it And after a few days,
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you'll have pages and pages of useful text, your own words This is your personal blueprint,
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your language islands Lots of useful sentences and entire paragraphs to learn
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because these are the sentences you actually use in real life
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and there's another way to do it as well
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if you're staring at a blank page
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because the blank page is really the only problem here take a topic let's say your job
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and ask ai to generate 50 questions about it what do
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you do how long have you been doing it what's the
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hardest part about it It is what do you actually like about it etc
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and then you answer every single question in your own words
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and just like that you've got lots of sentences
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that are real sentences you're going to use in real conversations
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and then you use ai to translate everything into your target
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language you translate it as one connected paragraph not sentence by sentence
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so it sounds natural if you want you can also get a native speaker to check it
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and a question i get often from my students is
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which topics should i do this with first well i recommend
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this order first yourself everything about yourself then your work then the language itself
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and why you're learning it and then places why you live there where you're from originally
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if you travel a lot places you've been to of course the country
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and the people whose language you're learning learn to talk about those things as well
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and of course your hobbies and the things you're interested in
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and finally the stories you usually tell learn to tell a
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bunch of stories in your target language this will take your speaking skills to the next level
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but first focus on what you need there's really no fixed path to follow
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if you never talk about your work skip it completely if you want the language for travel
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start with travel learn whatever you're going to use first then
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of course one more thing once you have your sentences you
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need audio you can use hyperlingua for this take your sentences
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and import them into the app and generate audio files of them.
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And now you can review them.
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Audio is really, really important because now we get to the part that most people get completely wrong.
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Listening.
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Everyone tells you that you need to listen to the language a lot.
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And that's true.
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But most people do it the wrong way.
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They put random YouTube videos they barely understand and they call it immersion.
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That's mostly noise.
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And it's not very helpful no matter how much you do it.
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Here's what you do instead.
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You listen to your own sentences, to your language islands.
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The same sentences over and over again.
470
And you do it in three stages.
471
Stage one, you read while listening, while the translation is in front of you.
472
So you actually understand what you're hearing.
473
This is really important.
474
If you don't understand what you're listening to, you're wasting your time.
475
And you don't do it once.
476
You need to do it over and over again.
477
The same sentences.
478
Lots of repetition.
479
And then comes stage two.
480
Once you feel confident, you listen without the translation.
481
Just to check if you understand it only by listening.
482
If you understand it easily, great.
483
If not, go back to stage one for a bit.
484
And finally, stage three.
485
Once you understand them easily, you keep listening to them in the background while you do other things.
486
When you're commuting, you're listening.
487
When you're working out, you're listening to your sentences.
488
When you go for a run, you're listening to your sentences.
489
When you're doing dishes, you're listening to your language islands.
490
And when you are pretending to work at the office, you're listening to your language islands.
491
You need to do massive amounts of listening with the exact sentences you want to be able to say in real life.
492
Your goal is to hear each sentence so many times
493
that you know exactly what it sounds like before you even hear it.
494
And at some point, you should be able to predict the next sentence.
495
And this does two things.
496
First, it trains your ear to recognize the sounds and the rhythm of the language at real speed.
497
No slowing down.
498
No artificial pronunciation for beginners.
499
Real speed.
500
Over and over again.
501
Until your brain adapts.
502
And second, this is spaced repetition.
503
Reviewing.
504
Reviewing is extremely important.
505
In fact, reviewing is more important than seeing new content.
506
If you don't review, you're going to forget most of what you learn.
507
Most people do spaced repetition by grinding through hundreds of flashcards every day.
508
But you don't have to.
509
You have audio.
510
You can review everything by simply listening to it in the background.
511
It doesn't take any extra time.
512
You're doing it while doing something else.
513
Listen to your sentences for 30 days every day, and there's no way you don't know those sentences every day at first,
514
then every other day, then once or twice a week until you know them really well.
515
And then you move on to new sentences while still listening to the old ones every now and then.
516
That's an extra hour or two of listening per day without taking any time of your day.
517
But listening only gets you halfway because listening is still passive.
518
You're following along.
519
You're not producing anything.
520
And you want to speak, right?
521
So now we get to the part where you actually open your mouth and speak.
522
And the first speaking exercise is the most basic one.
523
Listen and repeat.
524
You take your list of useful sentences with audio, your language island.
525
You press play and you listen to each sentence and you repeat it out loud.
526
The same sentences over and over again.
527
That's it.
528
It's extremely simple, but if you do it every day for 10, 15, 30 minutes a day, it will do a lot for your speaking skills,
529
because you're training your mouth to speak in complete sentences.
530
This is muscle memory.
531
It gets your mouth used to the sounds of the language.
532
And if you want to work specifically on your pronunciation, here's what I recommend.
533
Repeat each sentence five times.
534
You'll do fewer sentences per session, but you'll say them much better because the second, third, fourth, fifth time you repeat the same sentence,
535
you'll notice some small detail in the way the native speaker says it.
536
Something you didn't notice the first time.
537
And you'll adjust.
538
Let's say the first repetition is at 50 % accuracy.
539
Let's say the second one is at 60 % and the third one at 70%.
540
And by the end, you're at 80 or 90 % accuracy with your pronunciation.
541
This is targeted
542
and it's much more effective than repeating random sentences only once the rule here is simple the lower your level
543
or the harder the language the more reps per sentence you need
544
if the language is very different from yours five reps
545
if it's easier one or two reps
546
and here's one little trick you can have fun with it exaggerate imitate the pronunciation in a cartoonish way why
547
because when you actually speak in real life you're going to go back to your normal accent anyway
548
so if you've been exaggerating during practice you'll end up somewhere in the middle
549
and it will sound pretty good and
550
if you're struggling with one specific sound take just two sentences
551
that have that sound
552
and do a couple of hundred reps with them yes it's boring it is boring
553
but it works and once listening
554
and repeating gets comfortable you can level up with shadowing shadowing means you listen
555
and repeat at the same time you speak along with the audio simultaneously like
556
when you listen to a song and sing along You try to become an echo of the native speaker's voice.
557
You imitate the rhythm, the pronunciation, the intonation, the poses, everything.
558
And my students often ask me, which one is better, listening and repeating or shadowing?
559
Honestly, it's a matter of preference.
560
Both are good.
561
Shadowing is slightly harder to do, but I recommend doing both.
562
Shadowing is harder.
563
It can be stressful at first, but it's faster once you get used to it.
564
Listening
565
and repeating with pauses is easier Gives you much more time
566
to pay attention to the details It's better in the beginning Either way, at first you'll stumble And that's normal You start slow
567
and you just keep going You keep doing it and you'll improve very quickly You speak faster, more fluently And you'll start to sound more
568
and more like what you actually want to sound like
569
But don't try to speak too fast You want to sound like you, at a natural speed Now, I know what you're thinking How do I know if I'm saying it correctly?
570
That's a great question.
571
The reality of it is you don't.
572
You won't know 100%.
573
But if you repeat the same sentences over and over again and you pay attention to what you're hearing, you'll gradually improve.
574
And if you're a perfectionist, record yourself.
575
Seriously.
576
Record yourself saying the sentences, repeating them out loud, and listen to them.
577
And compare yourself to the original.
578
Or send the recording to a native speaker.
579
But just by listening to yourself, you'll notice the differences a lot more.
580
But don't worry too much about pronunciation or about mistakes in general.
581
Some people will tell you that
582
if you start speaking too early you'll fossilize your mistakes and you'll get a bad accent forever.
583
And that's a lie.
584
It doesn't work like that.
585
You can change your accent at any time if you work on it.
586
Actors do it all the time.
587
You could even change your accent in your native language if you wanted to.
588
Waiting a year before you start speaking has nothing to do with how good your accent will be.
589
The only thing that improves your pronunciation is working on your pronunciation deliberately.
590
And if you wait until you feel ready to start speaking, that moment never arrives.
591
Perfect is the enemy of good.
592
Most people never get good enough at foreign languages to even have a basic conversation.
593
So you're allowed to make mistakes if you're speaking fluently.
594
The vast majority of native speakers won't care.
595
And if the occasional weirdo has something to say about your speaking not being perfect, chances are they were worse at foreign languages than you are.
596
Ignore those people.
597
You don't want to talk to them anyway.
598
Focus on communicating effectively.
599
Get what you want and have fun.
600
So listening and repeating and shadowing train your mouth.
601
They take care of your fluency and your pronunciation.
602
But that's still not enough because you don't only need to train your mouth, you also need to train your brain.
603
You need to remember the sentences fast enough
604
and correctly enough in real time to be able to use them in real conversations.
605
And for that, we need the most important exercise of all.
606
Active recall.
607
Active recall is the single most effective exercise you can do to learn a foreign language.
608
It's a non -negotiable.
609
This is the step that separates people who kind of know a language from people who actually speak it fluidly.
610
And 99 % of language learners will never do this.
611
because it's hard work, but it's extremely effective.
612
Here's how it works.
613
You take one of your sentences in your native language, and without looking at the translation, you try to say it in your target language, out loud, from memory.
614
And then you check if you said it correctly or not.
615
And if you got it wrong, that's fine.
616
You look at the right answer, and you say it correctly out loud.
617
And you try it again.
618
And that's really it.
619
Translate into the target language with instant feedback, over and over again.
620
No reading, no cheating.
621
Just you and your brain trying to produce the language from scratch.
622
This is how you train fluency.
623
Let me show you how it works in real life.
624
Let's say your sentence is I need to leave early tomorrow because I have a flight.
625
You read it in English, you try to say it in your target language and of course it's a long sentence so you'll struggle.
626
Or maybe you don't know the word flight so you freeze.
627
In a real conversation that would be a problem but here you just check the answer.
628
And the next time you try, you'll do it better and faster.
629
And you keep doing this sentence after sentence.
630
And every time you hesitate a little less.
631
That's your brain rewiring itself under pressure.
632
It's getting used to thinking in the target language, in real time.
633
That rewiring does not happen when you're passively consuming content.
634
It happens when you retrieve information.
635
This is backed by one of the most replicated findings in memory research, by the way it's called the testing effect.
636
Retrieving information strengthens your memory far more than reviewing it.
637
One round of active recall is roughly worth 5 to 10 passive reviews of the same sentence.
638
This is also how all the best students study.
639
And for language learning, it works really, really well.
640
Now, this exercise is brutal.
641
At the beginning, it's going to be really frustrating.
642
You're going to do a lot of mistakes, and you'll do it very slowly.
643
Some sentences, you won't be able to say them at all.
644
You'll forget a lot of words.
645
This is all completely normal.
646
It's part of the learning process.
647
That's the signal that it's working because you're seeing your weaknesses in real time.
648
You're getting the brutal truth without sugarcoating.
649
You either know it and can say it or you don't know it and you can't say it.
650
No more lying to yourself.
651
No more pretending that understanding equals speaking.
652
Getting it wrong and then seeing the correct answer creates a memory that sticks.
653
Getting it right without any effort just means you already knew it.
654
You need that friction, that struggle, that frustration.
655
You need it.
656
Because that's when the learning actually happens.
657
And why does it work so well for language learning?
658
Because it trains three things at the same time, at maximum intensity.
659
First, retrieval speed.
660
How fast you can pull the sentence out of your memory.
661
That's fluency.
662
Second, accuracy.
663
You make mistakes and you get corrected immediately, every single time so your grammar and your vocabulary get better
664
and better without studying any rules and the third muscle memory
665
because you're saying everything out loud fluency accuracy
666
and pronunciation the three skills we talked about all in one exercise
667
and this is also by the way what people mean
668
when they talk about learning to think in the language
669
if you've only ever recognized a sentence your brain has no pathway for producing it
670
So in a conversation you have to build it from scratch
671
And you end up thinking in your native language first
672
and translating Active recall fixes that You stop translating in your head
673
and learn to think in the language By translating faster
674
and faster into the target language And by doing it better
675
and better And eventually you're not translating anymore You're just thinking in the language
676
And here's something important Don't do active recall with sentences you've
677
never seen before That's going to be extremely hard first listen to them
678
while reading then listen to them without a translation listen
679
and repeat a few times and then do active recall you can start earlier
680
if you want to but it's much easier this way
681
and here's exactly how to do it every day take 10 sentences sentences
682
that matter to you sentences from your language islands
683
and review them once and then close everything
684
and translate them out loud into the target language
685
and check your mistakes and try again until you can do all 10 sentences with no hesitation
686
and no mistakes that's one round and then you take 10 more sentences
687
and then 10 more sentences and after that 10 more sentences
688
and you keep doing this every single day and in a week
689
or two you'll be able to say hundreds of sentences from memory
690
when i was learning russian i did this for 20 minutes every morning
691
and after seven days i noticed i was retrieving words
692
and sentences way faster after 30 days native speakers were already
693
surprised by my speaker skills they said my russian sounded natural not perfect of course
694
but natural and if active recall feels too hard at first Just do it in small doses, like working out.
695
Start small and slowly increase the amount you do every day.
696
Because every day it gets a bit easier.
697
Every day you get a bit better at it.
698
And there's one more tip.
699
Speak slowly.
700
Speaking fast is often a sign of nervousness.
701
And we all speak faster when we're nervous.
702
If you slow down, you'll make considerably fewer mistakes.
703
You'll have more time to think about the grammar and the pronunciation.
704
And you'll actually sound more confident.
705
And if there are words that just won't stick, no matter how many times you review them, then use mnemonics.
706
A mnemonic is a mental image with a little story that makes the information stick.
707
It's the technique memory champions use to memorize thousands of pieces of information fast.
708
And it works incredibly well for vocabulary, especially for words that have no logical connection to anything in the languages you already speak.
709
But again, always inside a sentence use mnemonics to remember the word
710
and use this sentence to learn how to use it now you can take everything i'm explaining in this video
711
and organize it yourself but
712
if you don't want to waste your time deciding what to
713
practice each day i've already turned the complete system into a
714
step -by -step 12 -week roadmap the link is in the description all right
715
so now you can say hundreds of sentences from memory.
716
What's next?
717
Well, very simple.
718
Actually speaking.
719
Freestyle.
720
No script.
721
And what's much easier than talking to people?
722
Talking to yourself.
723
You go for a walk.
724
You take your phone and pretend you're sending a voice message to someone.
725
And you send voice messages to yourself in the target language over and over again.
726
As many of them as you want.
727
You can start small very short messages
728
and as it gets easier you speak more
729
and more in each message talk about your day talk about
730
what you're doing what you're planning whatever this is where you'll find out what you can say
731
and what you still can't say and if you're thinking yeah
732
but who corrects me well
733
if you're also doing active recall every day you're getting corrected all the time anyway but
734
if you want to take this even further you can talk
735
to ai this is what i do i go for a
736
long walk every day i open a voice conversation with ai
737
and i talk and talk and talk in the target language every day
738
and you'll make a lot of mistakes
739
but ai will give you a corrected transcript of everything you said
740
and when you get home you go through the corrections one by one
741
and tomorrow you try again and here's the best part you take those corrected transcripts
742
and you turn them into new language islands.
743
So your daily speaking practice creates more and more learning materials.
744
Personalized learning materials about exactly the things you want to talk about.
745
You build the sentences, you drill them, you speak, you get feedback, and you build more sentences.
746
Genius, isn't it?
747
And you can do this while walking.
748
Most of us don't move enough.
749
So if you walk 10 ,000 steps a day while doing this, you'll be healthier, you'll probably lose weight, and you'll improve your speaking skills massively all at the same time
750
and of course whenever you have the chance talk to real native speakers as well nothing beats real conversations
751
but real conversations alone are not enough and here are two reasons for
752
that first access you need to find native speakers set up appointments actually go out
753
and talk to people even
754
if you live in the country real speaking opportunities are more
755
limited than you think i live right next to the french border
756
and i still get very limited french conversation practice
757
and it's mostly from africans in the gym
758
so it's not exactly helping my pronunciation
759
and relying only on conversation with native speakers has another disadvantage
760
as well native speakers almost never correct you people are polite they let your mistakes slide they just nod
761
and mourn because once they understand you that's good enough
762
so you keep repeating the same mistakes for years without even realizing it that's why you combine both real conversations
763
and active recall
764
and here's the thing the more you practice on your own the better you do in real conversations
765
so you'll speak more so the conversations will last longer
766
so you'll practice more and you'll improve more it's a virtuous cycle
767
but whatever you do there's one speaking exercise i wouldn't even call it an exercise
768
that you should avoid it's going to ruin your speaking skills the only speaking practice
769
that you should avoid is what some people are calling cross -talk.
770
This means a native speaker talks to you in the language you're learning and you answer in your own language.
771
Yes, this is a thing these days.
772
People are doing this.
773
And this is not only useless, it's even detrimental because you're wasting chances to speak the target language
774
and you're conditioning yourself to answer in your own language when native speakers speak to you in your target language.
775
If a native speaker is talking to you in your target language, speak your target language.
776
And if you can't speak it yet, practice more on your own until you're able to speak it.
777
The more you speak your target language, the better.
778
Don't waste chances to practice your speaking.
779
You will not get good at speaking a language without speaking it a lot.
780
All right, so let's put all of this together because a system is useless if you don't actually implement it.
781
So here's what a typical day looks like with this system.
782
In the morning, while you're getting ready, you have your sentences playing and you are listening and repeating while you're getting ready.
783
While you're getting dressed, make breakfast, all of that.
784
Even in the shower.
785
That's already 20 or 30 minutes of listening and repeating without taking any extra time out of your day.
786
And then you go to work and if you drive, the audio is playing in the car and you are listening and repeating or shadowing.
787
If you take the public transport, maybe listen to your sentences but don't repeat them out loud or do it if you want.
788
I'm sure there are crazier people in the public transport anyway
789
and that's another 30 or 40 minutes of exposure to the language to your own sentences
790
that you want to be able to say.
791
Then at lunch, maybe you can squeeze in 10
792
or 15 minutes of active recall with your language islands you
793
go through your sentences trying to say each one from memory
794
and you check if you said them correctly
795
or not this is focused high intensity work
796
and 15 minutes a day is already enough if you're pushing yourself
797
and doing deep work focused work and it's even better
798
if you do several small sessions throughout the day
799
and of course on the way home from work you listen to your sentences again
800
or maybe you go for a walk and you talk to yourself
801
or to ai and in the evening I recommend doing another session of active recall
802
if possible If you have the time and the energy The more you do it, the better But I recommend you start small Because this is a frustrating
803
and exhausting exercise But you'll get used to it
804
And you can do all of this With as little as 30
805
or 45 minutes of focus practice per day Because a lot of it, you can do it
806
while doing something else A lot of people say they don't
807
have the time for language learning What they really mean is they don't have three hours to sit down in a classroom.
808
But you don't need three hours in a classroom.
809
You need to use your time intelligently.
810
Oh, and I almost forgot.
811
There's another technique I wanted to talk to you about.
812
This technique will allow you to understand native speaker content relatively early in your language learning journey.
813
Because normally when you start learning a language, you can't enjoy native speaker content until you've already done a lot of learning.
814
You watch a video in Spanish and you understand maybe 10 % of it.
815
And that's being generous.
816
And that 10 % is the stuff that you already knew.
817
The other 90 % is noise.
818
Not much learning going on there.
819
And if you don't know a word, you're not going to learn it by hearing it once
820
or twice by accident and then not hearing it again for a while.
821
You just hear sounds.
822
Unless you hear it 100 times, you won't pick it up through casual exposure.
823
So here's what you do.
824
Before you watch or listen to anything, get the transcript.
825
Most content has a transcript these days. On YouTube, you can get it right from the video description that's also
826
how other youtubers copy my videos by the way you take the transcript
827
and you review the vocab
828
and all the words you didn't know you memorize them with mnemonics
829
and only after doing that you watch the video
830
or you listen to it and now suddenly you understand way more 70
831
or 80 percent maybe even more
832
and every time you hear one of those words you just
833
memorized you're reviewing it in context said by a native speaker
834
that space repetition happening naturally so you get two things at once the memorization
835
and the review and the content is actually enjoyable now
836
because you understand it and it's relevant
837
and interesting to you this one technique will save you thousands
838
of hours pretending to learn watching childish videos on youtube try it once with content you're genuinely really interested in
839
and you'll never go back all right
840
so let's recap you need to stop studying grammar you need to stop playing with apps
841
that are video games disguised as language learning
842
and you need to stop wasting your time with thousands of hours of
843
so -called comprehensible input videos for beginners you need to start
844
with the basics the most common words always inside sentences basic questions
845
and answers common patterns lots of drilling out loud build your
846
language islands everything you actually talk about in real life in
847
paragraphs translated into the target language with audio you can use
848
hyperlingua for this prepare paragraphs about yourself your work where you're
849
from your hobbies why you're learning the language all of that
850
and listen to them and repeat them out loud over
851
and over again and practice saying them from memory
852
and then speak a lot to native speakers whenever you can
853
but also to yourself and to AI
854
and turn every speaking practice session into more language islands to learn
855
and drill those as well build more materials drill them practice
856
more speaking that's the loop it's always the same loop
857
and it works for any language is this a lot of work yes it is anyone who tells you
858
that learning a language requires no effort is lying to you but this is hard work that actually produces results and fast.
859
And now it's your decision.
860
You can waste two more years with gamified apps and classes
861
and videos and still not be able to have a basic conversation in the language.
862
Or you can do three months of focused, deliberate practice and start having real conversations.
863
It's more effort now, but you'll get dramatically better results.
864
And long term, it's going to save you a lot of time.
865
Now you understand the complete system.
866
You know how to learn a language.
867
But understanding is not the same thing as doing it consistently for the next three months.
868
Results come from consistency, doing the reps, creating your language islands, practicing active recall regularly, and gradually speaking more and more.
869
Now you know what to do.
870
It's time to get started.
871
You can follow my step -by -step 12 -week hyperpolyglot roadmap.
872
There you have a daily learning plan for the next three months.
873
The link is in the description.
874
And if you want me to help you personally, you can also apply for personalized language coaching.
875
With the right method and hard work, you can learn to speak any language fast.
876
So stop wasting time and start taking language learning seriously.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“How to Learn Any Language From Zero to Fluent”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：language, sentence, speaking, learn, speak。 這段影片共有 875 個句子、9237 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 51:04。 說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 181 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 87% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙容易理解。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| grammar 名詞 | /ˈɡɹæm.ə(ɹ)/ | 語法 /語法, 文法 |
| pronunciation 名詞 | /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/ | 發音 /發音 |
| drill 名詞 | /dɹɪl/ | 鑽 /鑽 |
| recall 動詞 | /ɹɪˈkɔl/ | 罷免 /罷免, 召回 |
| input 名詞 | /ˈɪnpʊt/ | 輸入 /輸入 |
| paragraph 名詞 | /ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/ | 段, 段落 |
| vocabulary 名詞 | /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/ | 詞匯 /詞彙, 語匯 /語彙 |
| audio 形容詞 | /ˈɔ.di.oʊ/ | 音訊 /音訊, 伴音 |
| translate 動詞 | /tɹænzˈleɪt/ | 翻譯 /翻譯, 譯 /譯 |
| shadow 名詞 | /ˈʃædəʊ̯/ | йинзы, йинйинзы |
| accent 名詞 | /ækˈsɛnt/ | 重音, 腔調 /腔調 |
| textbook 名詞 | /ˈtɛkst.bʊk/ | 課本 /課本, 教科書 /教科書 |
| fluent 形容詞 | /ˈfluənt/ | 流利, 滔滔 |
| topic 名詞 | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | 主題 /主題, 話題 /話題 |
| technique 名詞 | /tɛkˈniːk/ | 技術 /技術, 技巧 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| come out 動詞 | /ˌkʌm ˈaʊt/ | 出, 出來 /出來 |
| end up 動詞 | 到達 | |
| go through 動詞 | 通過 /通過 | |
| slow down 動詞 | 減速 /減速, 放慢 | |
| work out 動詞 | /ˌwɝk ˈaʊt/ | 計算 /計算, 算出 |
| come back 動詞 | 回來 /回來, 返回 | |
| find out 動詞 | 找出, 查明 | |
| go back 動詞 | 回去, 返回 |
值得反覆跟讀的句子
影片中簡短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常對話裡：
- How long have you been trying to learn a language?
- How much can you actually speak?
- That's how you learned your native language.
- Can you have a basic conversation?
- Yes, you look a little crazy, but who cares?
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成進行時 have/has been + -ing — 以前開始、現在仍在繼續的動作 | have you been trying · you've been using · you've been wasting |
| 條件句 if + 從句，will/would + 動詞 — 條件及其結果 | if you stay until the end, I'll show · if you've been exaggerating during practice you'll end · if you start speaking too early you'll fossilize |
| “used to” used to + 動詞 — 過去的習慣或狀態，現在已不再如此 | used to say · used to live · used to be |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | I've helped · you've been told · you've retrieved |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 246 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you're, don't, you'll。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: myth /mɪθ/, rhythm /ˈɹɪð.əm/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, shadow /ˈʃædəʊ̯/, translation /tɹænzˈleɪʃən/, comprehension /ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, accuracy /ˈæk.jɚ.ə.si/, naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, retrieve /ɹɪˈtɹiːv/, passive /ˈpæs.ɪv/, actively /ˈæktɪvli/, variation /ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: input /ˈɪnpʊt/, paragraph /ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/, translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/, rep /ɹɛp/, accent /ækˈsɛnt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: drill /dɹɪl/, recall /ɹɪˈkɔl/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/, correctly /kəˈɹɛk(t).li/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 grammar, pronunciation, drill 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。