跟讀練習: [Practice Problems] Regular Expressions (Regex) - Visually Explained - 通過影片學習英語口語
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Have you tried our regular expressions practice exercises?
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If you have, great!
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We're going to work through the solutions now.
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If not, the problems are linked in the description.
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Alright, let's start with problem one.
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In this problem, we want to match all the phone numbers from the bulletin board text.
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Each phone number follows the format.
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A fixed area code, and a hyphen, followed by three digits, another hyphen, and a final four digits.
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Since every phone number starts with the same area code and hyphen, we write the literal characters 1, 2, 3, hyphen directly into the pattern box.
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Next, the middle group of numbers can have any combination of three digits.
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To match this, we use the character class 0 through 9 to match a single digit
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and follow it with the quantifier 3 to match exactly 3.
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Following the character class, we write another literal hyphen.
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To match the last four digits, like the middle three, we use a character class with 0 through 9.
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But to match four digits instead of 3, we use a quantifier of 4.
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Great!
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As we can see, this pattern matches both phone numbers and our bulletin board text.
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Fixed quantifiers like 3 and 4 are ideal when you know the exact length you're looking for.
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Phone numbers, zip codes, product codes, anything with a predictable structure.
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Quantifiers will also be quite useful in problem 2.
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In this problem, we want to write a regular expression to match all the prices in our text string.
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each price starts with a dollar sign followed by one
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or more digits a dot
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and exactly two digits for cents you might be tempted to start by writing the literal dollar sign character
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but in regex dollar sign is a special syntax
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that means end of line
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so it won't match the dollar sign character to match a
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literal dollar sign we put a backslash in front of it after the dollar sign comes the digits before the decimal,
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which we can match using a character class with 0 through 9.
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Since there could be any number of digits before the decimal, we use the plus quantifier to match one or more digits.
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Following this character class, we specify a dot.
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Remember, like the dollar sign, the dot is special syntax, called a wildcard, that matches any single character.
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To use a literal dot character, we need to write a backslash before it.
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Finally, cents always have exactly two digits.
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To match this, we write a character class allowing the digits 0 through 9 and a quantifier of 2.
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Awesome!
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With this pattern, all five prices are matched.
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Before we move on, we've now written the character class containing 0 through 9 several times.
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Since this is such a common pattern, regex syntax actually provides a shorthand for it.
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Instead of explicitly writing the character class, we write backslash d, which also means any digit.
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Awesome, our pattern is now more concise and we still get the same matches.
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We'll use the digit shorthand backslash d again in problem 3.
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In this problem, we want to match all the dates in the text.
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Each date has a month name, a day number, and a four-digit year.
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We'll start by matching the month names.
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Month names are made up of letters, both upper and lowercase, so we'll use a character class of all the uppercase and lowercase letters.
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To match one or more letters, we follow the class with the plus quantifier.
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After the month name comes a literal space.
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After the space, the day can be one digit or two.
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To match exactly one or two digits,
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we use the backslash d shorthand followed by a range quantifier with a lower bound of one and upper bound of two.
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Following the day, we write a literal comma and space.
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Lastly, the year is always four digits, so we write the digit shorthand and a quantifier of four.
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Awesome!
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With that pattern, we've matched all the dates.
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With these practice problems, you've seen how to write patterns for three different data types.
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If you want to go deeper on any of the concepts we used in this video, check out our regular expressions intro video linked in the description.
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We're working on lots more Python explainer videos like this one, so be sure to subscribe so that you don't miss out.
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If you have any questions or topics that you'd like to learn about, let us know in the comments below.
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We'd love to hear from you.
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Thanks for watching!
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關於本課
在本課中，我們將通過實際練習來掌握正規表示式的應用。這包括匹配電話號碼、價格和日期等常見格式。通過實踐，我們可以學會如何使用正規表示式的語法來提取文本中的資訊，從而提升我們的英語理解能力。這些內容不僅對提升英語發音有幫助，也能為雅思口語練習打下良好的基礎。
關鍵詞彙與短語
- 正規表示式 - 一種用於匹配字串的規則。
- 電話號碼 - 特定格式的數字串，用於聯絡。
- 價格 - 帶有貨幣符號的數字。
- 日期 - 由月份、日期和年份構成的字串。
- 字元類 - 匹配特定型別字元的集合。
- 量詞 - 指定匹配字元的數量。
- 萬用字元 - 用於匹配任何單個字元的符號。
- 反斜槓 - 用於轉義特殊字元的符號。
練習技巧
在進行英語影子跟讀時，建議你跟隨影片中的節奏來模仿練習。這種 shadow speak 方法能有效提高你的英語發音和流利度。影片所用的語速適中，非常適合進行逐字跟唱。當你聽到每個正規表示式的構建時，嘗試大聲朗讀並同時理解每個部分的功能。例如，聽到“字元類”時，可以即時模仿發音，並同時理解其含義。通過這樣的反覆練習，不僅能幫助你更好地掌握正規表示式的概念，也能提升你在實際對話中的反應能力，為雅思口語練習提供更多支援。
在模仿過程中，可以多次暫停影片，確保聽懂每個術語和其應用。逐漸加快跟讀速度，挑戰自己的發音和語調。有意識地練習可以幫助你在真實語境中更自信地使用英語。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | Have you tried · we've now written · we've matched |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | are linked · might be tempted · are matched |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。