跟讀練習: What is Ethereum Gas? (Examples + Easy Explanation) - 通過影片學習英語口語
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132 句
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Let's say you're standing in line at Starbucks waiting for your coffee
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and you notice that there's maybe 4 people in front of you.
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Normally you'd look at this number and you'd think about your wait time, but just for the fun of it,
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now let's say that you're thinking about the 4 people in correlation to both your wait time and your new transaction fee.
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Because in this thought experiment, the more people that are waiting for coffee, the higher the price to get your coffee.
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Why?
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Because this coffee shop works like an auction, and serves coffee to the people who will pay the highest transaction fee first.
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So you get up to the counter
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and your barista says your coffee will be $8 plus a transaction fee of $2 which would come out to $10 total.
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Now let's imagine that there are 300 people standing in line for coffee because they just released their new pumpkin spice flavor.
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Since there are 300 people in line, the average transaction fee to get your coffee soon is $50.
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That's outrageous you think.
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You could pay your old $2 if you wanted to, but you would be waiting all morning, all day, evening until the rush of pumpkin heads died down.
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Instead, you pay the $50 transaction fee on your $8 coffee, coming to a total of $58 for your morning cup of joe.
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Welcome to Whiteboard Crypto, where we explain cryptocurrency topics in a way
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that is so easy to understand your grandpa would smash the like button.
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Hopefully, you connected with that pumpkin spice analogy because it's relevant to Ethereum
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and something you're going to learn about today called Ethereum Gas.
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So what is Ethereum and what is Ethereum Gas?
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Well first off, Ethereum is programmable money.
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Basically, you can use it to do things.
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For example, if you wanted to, you could add 4 plus 4 and then Ethereum would tell you that the answer is 8, but it would cost you 3 gas.
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If you wanted to check your friend's Ethereum wallet balance because you want to know how much money he has, you might need 400 gas.
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And if you wanted the network to send some ether that you have to your friend, you would have to pay 21,000 gas.
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Now you might be wondering, why the heck would I have to pay to have Ethereum do some simple addition for me?
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Well, if you keep watching this video, I'm going to explain it at the end.
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And oh yeah, it's called gas because it's similar to the gasoline that you put in your car.
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It is the fuel that powers the code and computations that happen on the Ethereum network.
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So just like I said, Ethereum is programmable money.
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And we have gas as a way to make sure
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that these things don't change even if the price of Ethereum skyrockets or plummets.
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It should always take three gas to add two numbers, whether the price of Ethereum is $200 or $20,000.
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However, one thing we do have to do is convert the amount of gas to the cost of gas.
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So to find out how much it will truly cost, we need to multiply gas cost by the gas price.
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The gas cost of things doesn't change.
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It's always 21,000 gas for a transaction or 400 gas to check a balance.
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But the price of one gas does change.
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And this is where something weird called GUE comes in.
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So what is GUE?
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Well, GUE stands for GIGAWAY.
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Now, you can think about it like this.
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A WAY is like one penny that is to a dollar, or one satoshi to a bitcoin.
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Instead, it's for Ethereum.
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So there are actually one quintillion ways in one Ethereum.
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And because that is a ridiculously small amount,
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we instead use GIGAWAY, which is 0.000000001 Ether.
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Now, personally, I learn best by examples and actually seeing something in action.
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So to learn what Ethereum gas is, let's go over a simple example.
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Let's say you want to send some money to your friend.
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Well first, we're going to have to know some things.
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The first thing we need to know is the price of what a transaction costs.
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Well that is 21,000 gas.
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This number never changes.
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The next thing we need to know is the price of Ethereum.
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Right now, Ethereum is at $2,000 USD.
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And this number actually changes all the time.
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And the third thing that we need to know is the price of gas.
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And this actually can be whatever you want it to be, but the higher that it is, the faster that this calculation will be performed.
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And we'll talk about that in a little bit.
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But right now let's assume the average price of gas is 100 Guay.
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So this means the cost of the transaction is 21,000 gas times 100 Guay.
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So let's do some simple math and reduce this.
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If we do 21,000 times .0000100 because that's 100 Guay, we get what it is equal to in Ether.
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And this comes out to .0021 Ethereum.
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This means that it costs us .0021 Ethereum to send a transaction.
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If you want to figure out how much actual cash that is, you take .0021 and you multiply it by the price of Ethereum,
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which is $2,000, and you get $4.20.
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This means that it costs $4.20 to make a transaction.
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So breaking this down, to find out how much something costs to perform on the Ethereum network, you take the price of the action times the cost of gas,
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and that gives you the amount of Ethereum it takes to perform that task.
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And if you want to convert that to how much actual cash or how many United States dollars it takes, you just take that amount of ether and you multiply it by the current price of ether.
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So I hope that this explanation was helpful.
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In fact, there's a little cool resource I want to share.
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If you're curious what the current price of gas is, you can actually check out ethgasstation.info.
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There's a link in the description below if you want to look at it.
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But while we're at it, let's go over one more example just to make sure you get the hang of it.
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Let's assume the same situation as above, but for this example, we're going to say that the network is very busy, and because of this the cost of gas is high.
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Now the cost of gas is 700 guay instead of 100 guay.
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So to calculate how much it would cost to send your friends some money, we have to plug in these numbers into the equation.
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Remember the equation is price of action, price of whatever the action is in gas, times the cost of gas in guay, times the ethereum price in dollars.
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So here we go.
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The price of a transaction is still 21,000 gas.
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However this time the cost of gas is now 700 Guay which is equal to .000000700 Ether.
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And the price of Ethereum is still the same for this example, we're going to use $2000.
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So we multiply all of those together,
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21000 times .0000007 times 2000 and we end up with a transaction fee of $29.40.
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So because the network is congested and tons of people are waiting on it to do stuff, this This transaction will cost $29.40 to send money to your friend,
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and that transaction cost is the same whether you're sending $5 or whether you're sending $5 million.
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And this is the beauty and the downfall of this system.
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Now moving on, earlier I said that the gas price can be different, and this is where we go back to the coffee analogy.
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Let's say there are people standing in line for coffee, and the people willing to pay the most get their coffee the first.
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Since Ethereum miners can only include a certain number of transactions per block, they pick whichever ones pay them the most right now they get those fees as a reward.
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So for example, you could spend 100 guay or 10 guay or even a thousand guay if you wanted to.
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If you spend 10 guay, it might take a few hours to get confirmed.
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But if you spend 1000 guay, it could be confirmed almost immediately.
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It really depends how bad you want your coffee.
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And if you want to think about it better, imagine yourself as a miner and on average you're getting a $5 to mine some transactions.
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However, some guy gives you a $50 tip and tells you to hurry up and do his.
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You can be sure that you're going to be doing his very quickly.
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However, if someone's like, well, 20 cents is all I got, do with it what you can, you're only going to do it when all the other transactions are finished first.
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Now this far in the video, you might be wondering why we need all of this.
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Because it's very confusing.
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GWE and GAS were actually implemented into the Ethereum network so people had to pay for code to be ran.
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Imagine if you could write a piece of code that said, I want someone to do this action for free forever.
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Well, without a GAS limit and a GWE price, they could actually write code that went on forever, ruining the entire blockchain.
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Another thing I want to talk about in this video is something called EIP-1559.
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Improvement Plan, which is what EIP stands for, and the number is 1559, it is said to go live in July of 2021.
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And what it will do is take whatever the transaction fee is for a transaction and essentially burn it.
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It'll be gone forever.
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Now right now, while we are posting this video, the miners still get that fee, and it can equal up to an extra $4,000 per block.
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This makes mining very profitable.
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In fact, Ethereum is the most profitable coin to mine right now.
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However, After July 2021, these fees will be burned and gone forever.
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This means mining could be less profitable, which could mean less miners and also less expensive GPUs due to supply and demand.
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I don't want to give my personal opinion on this, but it will be very interesting to see whether this actually gets implemented at all, and if it does, how the network and the miners will react to it.
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And ending this video, I want to answer the main question.
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Why would you want to do something as simple as adding two numbers in Ethereum?
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So I said earlier that Ethereum is programmable money.
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In fact, you can write entire programs, and even whole functioning websites that work using Ethereum.
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These are called decentralized applications, or what we call them, dApps dApps function by running code that you paid for to do certain things,
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and on the Ethereum network you can literally write programming code to run certain functions.
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So adding or addition is really basic, but it's the foundation of code.
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You can also subtract, multiply, divide, and from there you can do other logic things like if-then statements and for loops, and it gets really complicated very quickly.
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With enough imagination and education, you can actually create an entire decentralized exchange like Uniswap,
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where you can trade coins for other coins without there being a central authority, like Coinbase.
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But that's a video for another day.
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If you enjoyed this video, please please please hit that like button and subscribe, because it helps us like you can't even imagine.
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We are just starting this channel, and every little bit helps.
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We love making these videos, but they take a lot of time and even money to produce.
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However, we know that they will help someone, because creating them helps us understand these topics even better too.
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Anyways, we hope that you learned something, and we hope to see you in the next video.
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Thanks for watching!
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這段影片共有 132 個句子、1959 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 9:38。 說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 203 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 89% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙容易理解。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| transaction 名詞 | /tɹænˈzækʃən/ | 處理 /處理 |
| miner 名詞 | /ˈmaɪnə(ɹ)/ | 礦工 /礦工, 礦夫 /礦夫 |
| coin 名詞 | /ˈkoɪ̯n/ | 硬幣 /硬幣, 銅錢 /銅錢 |
| profitable 形容詞 | /ˈpɹɑ.fɪ.tə.bl̩/ | 可獲利的 /可獲利的, 有利可圖 /有利可圖 |
| pumpkin 名詞 | /ˈpʌm(p).kɪn/ | 南瓜 |
| topic 名詞 | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | 主題 /主題, 話題 /話題 |
| confirm 動詞 | /kənˈfɝm/ | 證實 /證實, 確認 /確認 |
| implement 動詞 | /ˈɪmpləmənt/ | 實施 /實施, 執行 /執行 |
| equation 名詞 | /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/ | 方程式, 方程 |
| spouse 名詞 | /spaʊ̯s/ | 配偶 |
| analogy 名詞 | /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/ | 類推 /類推, 類比 /類比 |
| rush 動詞 | /ɹʌʃ/ | 急速去, 急速做 |
| complicated 形容詞 | /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ | 複雜 /複雜 |
| curious 形容詞 | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | 好奇, 有好奇心 |
| explanation 名詞 | /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/ | 解釋 /解釋, 說明 /說明 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| find out 動詞 | 找出, 查明 |
| check out 動詞 | 退房 |
| figure out 動詞 | 弄清楚 |
| get up to 動詞 | 幹 /幹, 做 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 條件句 if + 從句，will/would + 動詞 — 條件及其結果 | if you wanted to, but you would be |
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | will be performed · is congested · could be confirmed |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | people who will · GIGAWAY, which is · Guay which is |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 22 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you're, we're, don't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: mathematics /mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/, ether /ˈi.θɚ/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: transaction /tɹænˈzækʃən/, equation /ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/, rush /ɹʌʃ/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: analogy /əˈnæləd͡ʒi/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, essentially /ɪˈsɛnʃəli/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 transaction, miner, coin 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。