跟读练习: Become Someone for Others - Bishop Barron's Sunday Sermon - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Peace be with you.
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Friends, many years ago when I was a student at Mundelein Seminary, we had a great professor named Dr. Richard Issel.
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He was a psychologist, and he taught these courses in counseling, and one was called, I remember, the Psychology of Successful Parish Priesthood.
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I took all of his courses.
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He was a great teacher.
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And one principle I remember from Issel is this.
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He said, if you want to be happy, stop worrying about being happy and get on with with becoming fulfilled.
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Happiness — and Aristotle knew this too, a long time before Dr. Issel — happiness is a kind of byproduct of fulfillment.
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The worst thing you can do is to turn inward and fuss about, why am I not happy?
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How do I become happy?
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Forget about being happy.
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Become fulfilled, and the happiness will take care of itself.
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Something similar I found in Jordan Peterson's Reflections, where he says, self -consciousness is equivalent to misery.
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And what he means, I think, is this turning inward, the self -preoccupation, is equivalent with misery.
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So you want to be psychologically healthy, well, forget about yourself.
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Stop fussing about yourself and get about the business of fulfillment.
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It's a very helpful principle, I find.
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And I bet now those listening to me, when you find yourself most unhappy, it's that you're just fussing about yourself.
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You're turned inward.
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You're worrying about what might have been and mistakes you made.
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Forget about that.
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Forget about being happy.
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Get on with being fulfilled.
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In other words, there's a kind of extroverted quality that's associated with happiness.
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Well, I always think of this when I come across our reading for today.
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We're reading from the great
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Sermon on the Mount, Jesus' paradigmatic teaching.
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Jesus says to his disciples, "'You are the salt of the earth.
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You are the light of the world.
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You are a city set on a hill." So you say, okay, the sermon that Jesus gives is sort of the key to happiness.
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It begins with the Beatitudes, right?
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Beatitudo means happiness.
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So if I want to be happy, I better follow this.
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Well, look what he tells his followers to be.
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Something for the sake of the other.
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So look at the first one.
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You are the salt of the earth.
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Well, in Jesus' time in the ancient world, you know, long before refrigeration, if you wanted to preserve meat, well, you would salt it.
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You want it to enhance its flavor.
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And that's true today, of course, too.
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You put salt on it.
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What's one thing you never would do if you have guests over at your house.
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Well, I'm serving dinner, and here's a plate of salt for you.
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Well, because salt is not salt for its own sake.
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Salt exists for the sake of the other.
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What's the role of the Christian in the world?
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It's not to be fussily preoccupied with his or her own happiness.
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Rather, it's to become something for the sake of the other other.
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Salt makes things spicy and tasty and interesting.
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Salt preserves what's worth preserving.
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So what's the role of the Christian in the world?
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It's not, well, let me try to be as happy as I can be.
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Let me cultivate my own holiness.
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No, you will become happy and you'll become holy in the measure that you become someone for others.
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So what does it mean to be salt, to be the spicy element within the society.
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I mean that
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Christians would invade all the expressions of the secular culture —entertainment and sports and business and finance and everything.
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Christians invade that space in a spicy,
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salty way to bring something of the style and energy of Jesus into all these elements of life.
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See, a Christian should wake up every morning and say not, well, now, how can I become happier today?
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But rather, how can I make the world more Christ -like?
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How can I be salt for the world?
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How can I spice things up and preserve what's worth preserving?
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I think, everybody, your whole approach to the spiritual life will shift if you think along those lines.
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And look at the second one.
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He says, you are the light of the world.
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Well, you never see light.
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Light in itself is not visible.
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Rather, light is that by which we see other things.
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You walk into a dark room and you're disoriented until someone turns on the light, and then, ah, now I can see what's in the room.
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I always think here of the church in Rome has the wonderful Caravaggio paintings, and they're in the dark,
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and you have to put little coins in a machine to light up the picture.
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And then, boom, the light comes on, and there's Caravaggio in all its splendor.
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And you can see it for a few minutes, and the lights go out, and you've got to put more money in.
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You, my followers, says Jesus, you're the light of the world.
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You are that by which things become more visible and beautiful and appealing.
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People will see beautiful things because of you.
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Now, see, what if you thought about your spiritual life in those terms?
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So my goal today is not to make myself happier.
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No, it's to make others happier.
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being by my own style of being in the world, a light that illumines others.
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Or think of, you know, I often use the example of halos around the heads of saints.
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How come they're depicted that way?
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Because the saint is a light for others.
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How should I live?
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Well, I look to a saint.
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A saint becomes like a luminosity on the road.
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Let's say I'm stumbling around in the dark.
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I don't know what direction my life should take.
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Well, then I see a saint, and suddenly the light goes on, and I can see where I'm going.
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I think of the role that Thomas Aquinas played in my own life when I was a 14 -year -old kid,
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and Thomas was like a light going on.
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Or think of someone who's, you know, they lost their way,
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and they come across the story of a Maximilian Kolbe or a Mother Teresa or the little flower,
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and suddenly the luminosity of that personality and the humanity lights up their path.
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They see where they're supposed to go.
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Huh.
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That's your job, Christian, in the world.
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What if you woke up every day and said, that's my job today, is by my own sanctity to become a light for others to see?
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And then this last image that we might not get as readily.
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You're a city set on the hill.
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Well, see, we've got GPS and everything else and maps to navigate.
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But in the ancient world, they had to navigate in a more, I suppose, clumsy way.
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But one of the ways they navigated was they'd see cities on a hilltop.
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Oh, you've got to move in the direction of that city,
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or you have to come to that city and then you've got to move further west or whatever it was.
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The city on the hill was a means of navigation.
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It was a landmark that everybody could see.
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Huh, that's your job, Christian.
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to be a city set on the hill so that everybody can get their bearings from you.
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Does that make sense?
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We're all wandering around trying to make our way to God.
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Well, how do I find the way?
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Well, look, there's that city.
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Oh yeah, move in that direction.
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Well, that's exactly the role the saints play, isn't it?
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They give directionality to our lives.
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But what if you thought about your own spiritual life precisely in those terms? that your distinctiveness is not for you.
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It's for the sake of someone who's trying to find his or her way.
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Your salt, your light, your city set on a hill.
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You know, this has occurred to me with all of this in mind, is look at Catholics in America,
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so my home country, how we kind of oscillate back and forth between extremes in a way.
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When Catholics arrived here, you know, let's say middle of the 19th century and on, we were arriving at a very Protestant culture.
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And so it was important for Catholics to maintain their distinctiveness.
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And so parishes and Catholic schools and sort of a Catholic subculture developed.
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The stress was on distinctiveness, what makes us uniquely
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Catholic over and against the wider culture.
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Well, is that good?
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Yeah, because salt can lose its saltiness, right? and the light can go out,
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and the city built on the hill can be raised to the ground.
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And so, yes, you do have to be distinctive.
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But the purpose is not to rest in your own distinctiveness.
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The purpose is now to use your distinctiveness as a guide and a light and a spice for others.
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So think of this now.
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When Catholics first arrived here, they were kind of stressing distinctiveness.
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Now, the years I was coming of age, after Vatican II, we went to the other extreme.
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The Church was kind of so open to the world that it lost a sense of what makes it unique.
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The biblical principle is always this sort of tensive, healthily tensive principle.
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We are distinct, salty, luminous, elevated, uh -huh, for the sake of the other,
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not for our own sake.
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What's distinctive to us uniquely
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Catholic is for the sake of the wider world.
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I'm not meant to kind of crouch behind walls and cultivate my private Catholicism.
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No, no. Indeed, kataholos, Catholic, means according to the whole.
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The Church exists for the world.
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We're distinctive for the sake of the world.
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All of that is implicit in these great images that Jesus uses.
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Now let me just close by drawing some attention to reading number one, which is from the prophet Isaiah.
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So if you say, okay, what is it?
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What is this distinctive quality?
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What makes us salty and spicy and luminous and so on?
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Well, listen to what Isaiah says in our first reading.
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Share your bread with the hungry.
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Shelter the oppressed and the homeless.
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Clothe the naked when you see them.
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Listen now.
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Then your light will break forth like the dawn, and your wounds shall quickly be healed.
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It's really interesting now in light of what we've been talking about.
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What's the light?
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What's the light?
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These actions.
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Now, building upon this, the Church develops the corporal works of mercy, which I've talked about a lot.
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Feed the hungry, give drink to the thirsty, clothe the naked, shelter the homeless, visit the imprisoned, visit the sick, bury the dead.
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Concrete things.
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And when you perform these acts of love, what happens?
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Your light will break forth like the dawn.
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You'll be light for others.
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And then listen, though.
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And your wound shall quickly be healed.
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What's the wound?
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I'm just not happy.
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I'm just not content.
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What's the matter?
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Don't turn inward and fuss about it.
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Remember Dr. Issel.
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You know, you want to be happy, forget about your happiness.
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You want to be holy, forget about your holiness.
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You want the wound healed.
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Old, turn your life into a gift for others.
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Salt, light, city on the hill, and it looks like these concrete works of mercy.
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Here's just the last thing from Isaiah that I'll add to the works of mercy.
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Listen, if you remove from your midst oppression, false accusation, and malicious speech,
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then light shall rise for you.
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There it is again.
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Where's the light going to come from?
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Well, he adds these, which I think are very relevant to us today.
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Oppression, false accusation, malicious speech.
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Go online any time of the day or night.
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How often now in the social media context we engage in just this kind of malicious speech,
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attacking people's characters, going after them.
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Remove that.
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You want to be happier?
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Remove that from your life, and light will shine forth.
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Remember, everybody, it's the extroverted move.
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It's the move out from yourself.
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The Christian exists not for herself.
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The Christian exists for the world.
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Light, salt, city set on the hill.
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And God bless you.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“Become Someone for Others - Bishop Barron's Sunday Sermon”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：salt, sake, Catholic, Christian, happiness。 这段视频共有 153 个句子、2005 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 13:40。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 147 个词，很适合跟读。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。 全部 153 个句子中有 26 个是问句，适合练习疑问语调和简短回答。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| happiness 名词 | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | 幸福, 快樂 /快乐 |
| principle 名词 | /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/ | 原理, 原則 /原则 |
| spicy 形容词 | /ˈspaɪsi/ | 辣 |
| spiritual 形容词 | /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/ | 精神 |
| arrive 动词 | /əˈɹaɪv/ | 到達 /到达, 到 |
| mercy 名词 | /ˈmɝsi/ | 慈悲 |
| heal 动词 | /ˈhiːl/ | 醫治 /医治 |
| fulfill 动词 | /fʊlˈfɪl/ | 履行 |
| salty 形容词 | /ˈsɔlti/ | 鹹 /咸 |
| malicious 形容词 | /məˈlɪʃəs/ | 惡意的 /恶意的, 惡毒的 /恶毒的 |
| hungry 形容词 | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | 飢餓 /饥饿, 餓 /饿 |
| concrete 形容词 | /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/ | 切實的 /切实的, 具體的 /具体的 |
| naked 形容词 | /ˈneɪkɪd/ | 赤裸, 裸 |
| visible 形容词 | /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/ | 看得見 /看得见, 可看見的 /可看见的 |
| dawn 名词 | /dɔːn/ | 黎明, 拂曉 /拂晓 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| get on with 动词 | 繼續 /继续, 持續 /持续 | |
| go out 动词 | 出, 出口 | |
| wake up 动词 | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | 醒, 醒來 /醒来 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- How do I become happy?
- It's a very helpful principle, I find.
- How can I be salt for the world?
- How come they're depicted that way?
- You want to be happier?
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | was called · being fulfilled · can be raised |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | has occurred · I've talked |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 29 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, you're, they're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: thirsty /ˈθɝs.ti/, clothe /ˈkloʊð/, catholicos /kəˈθɒlɪkəs/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, oppression /əˈpɹɛʃən/, accusation /ˌæk.jʊˈzeɪ.ʃ(ə)n/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: accusation /ˌæk.jʊˈzeɪ.ʃ(ə)n/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, navigation /nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, distinctiveness /dɪsˈtɪŋ(k)tɪvnɪs/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: preserve /pɹəˈzɝv/, distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, navigate /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/, visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: sake /ˈseɪ̯k/, happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, saint /seɪnt/, preserve /pɹəˈzɝv/, distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: principle /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/, spiritual /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/, follower /ˈfɒləʊə(ɹ)/, precisely /pɹɪˈsaɪs.li/, reflection /ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 happiness, principle, spicy 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。