Prática de Shadowing: Become Someone for Others - Bishop Barron's Sunday Sermon - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Peace be with you.
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Friends, many years ago when I was a student at Mundelein Seminary, we had a great professor named Dr. Richard Issel.
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He was a psychologist, and he taught these courses in counseling, and one was called, I remember, the Psychology of Successful Parish Priesthood.
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I took all of his courses.
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He was a great teacher.
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And one principle I remember from Issel is this.
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He said, if you want to be happy, stop worrying about being happy and get on with with becoming fulfilled.
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Happiness — and Aristotle knew this too, a long time before Dr. Issel — happiness is a kind of byproduct of fulfillment.
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The worst thing you can do is to turn inward and fuss about, why am I not happy?
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How do I become happy?
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Forget about being happy.
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Become fulfilled, and the happiness will take care of itself.
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Something similar I found in Jordan Peterson's Reflections, where he says, self -consciousness is equivalent to misery.
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And what he means, I think, is this turning inward, the self -preoccupation, is equivalent with misery.
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So you want to be psychologically healthy, well, forget about yourself.
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Stop fussing about yourself and get about the business of fulfillment.
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It's a very helpful principle, I find.
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And I bet now those listening to me, when you find yourself most unhappy, it's that you're just fussing about yourself.
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You're turned inward.
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You're worrying about what might have been and mistakes you made.
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Forget about that.
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Forget about being happy.
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Get on with being fulfilled.
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In other words, there's a kind of extroverted quality that's associated with happiness.
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Well, I always think of this when I come across our reading for today.
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We're reading from the great
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Sermon on the Mount, Jesus' paradigmatic teaching.
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Jesus says to his disciples, "'You are the salt of the earth.
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You are the light of the world.
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You are a city set on a hill." So you say, okay, the sermon that Jesus gives is sort of the key to happiness.
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It begins with the Beatitudes, right?
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Beatitudo means happiness.
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So if I want to be happy, I better follow this.
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Well, look what he tells his followers to be.
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Something for the sake of the other.
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So look at the first one.
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You are the salt of the earth.
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Well, in Jesus' time in the ancient world, you know, long before refrigeration, if you wanted to preserve meat, well, you would salt it.
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You want it to enhance its flavor.
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And that's true today, of course, too.
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You put salt on it.
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What's one thing you never would do if you have guests over at your house.
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Well, I'm serving dinner, and here's a plate of salt for you.
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Well, because salt is not salt for its own sake.
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Salt exists for the sake of the other.
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What's the role of the Christian in the world?
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It's not to be fussily preoccupied with his or her own happiness.
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Rather, it's to become something for the sake of the other other.
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Salt makes things spicy and tasty and interesting.
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Salt preserves what's worth preserving.
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So what's the role of the Christian in the world?
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It's not, well, let me try to be as happy as I can be.
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Let me cultivate my own holiness.
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No, you will become happy and you'll become holy in the measure that you become someone for others.
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So what does it mean to be salt, to be the spicy element within the society.
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I mean that
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Christians would invade all the expressions of the secular culture —entertainment and sports and business and finance and everything.
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Christians invade that space in a spicy,
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salty way to bring something of the style and energy of Jesus into all these elements of life.
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See, a Christian should wake up every morning and say not, well, now, how can I become happier today?
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But rather, how can I make the world more Christ -like?
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How can I be salt for the world?
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How can I spice things up and preserve what's worth preserving?
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I think, everybody, your whole approach to the spiritual life will shift if you think along those lines.
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And look at the second one.
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He says, you are the light of the world.
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Well, you never see light.
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Light in itself is not visible.
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Rather, light is that by which we see other things.
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You walk into a dark room and you're disoriented until someone turns on the light, and then, ah, now I can see what's in the room.
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I always think here of the church in Rome has the wonderful Caravaggio paintings, and they're in the dark,
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and you have to put little coins in a machine to light up the picture.
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And then, boom, the light comes on, and there's Caravaggio in all its splendor.
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And you can see it for a few minutes, and the lights go out, and you've got to put more money in.
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You, my followers, says Jesus, you're the light of the world.
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You are that by which things become more visible and beautiful and appealing.
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People will see beautiful things because of you.
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Now, see, what if you thought about your spiritual life in those terms?
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So my goal today is not to make myself happier.
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No, it's to make others happier.
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being by my own style of being in the world, a light that illumines others.
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Or think of, you know, I often use the example of halos around the heads of saints.
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How come they're depicted that way?
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Because the saint is a light for others.
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How should I live?
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Well, I look to a saint.
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A saint becomes like a luminosity on the road.
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Let's say I'm stumbling around in the dark.
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I don't know what direction my life should take.
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Well, then I see a saint, and suddenly the light goes on, and I can see where I'm going.
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I think of the role that Thomas Aquinas played in my own life when I was a 14 -year -old kid,
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and Thomas was like a light going on.
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Or think of someone who's, you know, they lost their way,
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and they come across the story of a Maximilian Kolbe or a Mother Teresa or the little flower,
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and suddenly the luminosity of that personality and the humanity lights up their path.
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They see where they're supposed to go.
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Huh.
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That's your job, Christian, in the world.
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What if you woke up every day and said, that's my job today, is by my own sanctity to become a light for others to see?
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And then this last image that we might not get as readily.
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You're a city set on the hill.
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Well, see, we've got GPS and everything else and maps to navigate.
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But in the ancient world, they had to navigate in a more, I suppose, clumsy way.
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But one of the ways they navigated was they'd see cities on a hilltop.
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Oh, you've got to move in the direction of that city,
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or you have to come to that city and then you've got to move further west or whatever it was.
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The city on the hill was a means of navigation.
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It was a landmark that everybody could see.
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Huh, that's your job, Christian.
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to be a city set on the hill so that everybody can get their bearings from you.
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Does that make sense?
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We're all wandering around trying to make our way to God.
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Well, how do I find the way?
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Well, look, there's that city.
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Oh yeah, move in that direction.
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Well, that's exactly the role the saints play, isn't it?
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They give directionality to our lives.
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But what if you thought about your own spiritual life precisely in those terms? that your distinctiveness is not for you.
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It's for the sake of someone who's trying to find his or her way.
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Your salt, your light, your city set on a hill.
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You know, this has occurred to me with all of this in mind, is look at Catholics in America,
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so my home country, how we kind of oscillate back and forth between extremes in a way.
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When Catholics arrived here, you know, let's say middle of the 19th century and on, we were arriving at a very Protestant culture.
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And so it was important for Catholics to maintain their distinctiveness.
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And so parishes and Catholic schools and sort of a Catholic subculture developed.
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The stress was on distinctiveness, what makes us uniquely
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Catholic over and against the wider culture.
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Well, is that good?
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Yeah, because salt can lose its saltiness, right? and the light can go out,
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and the city built on the hill can be raised to the ground.
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And so, yes, you do have to be distinctive.
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But the purpose is not to rest in your own distinctiveness.
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The purpose is now to use your distinctiveness as a guide and a light and a spice for others.
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So think of this now.
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When Catholics first arrived here, they were kind of stressing distinctiveness.
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Now, the years I was coming of age, after Vatican II, we went to the other extreme.
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The Church was kind of so open to the world that it lost a sense of what makes it unique.
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The biblical principle is always this sort of tensive, healthily tensive principle.
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We are distinct, salty, luminous, elevated, uh -huh, for the sake of the other,
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not for our own sake.
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What's distinctive to us uniquely
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Catholic is for the sake of the wider world.
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I'm not meant to kind of crouch behind walls and cultivate my private Catholicism.
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No, no. Indeed, kataholos, Catholic, means according to the whole.
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The Church exists for the world.
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We're distinctive for the sake of the world.
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All of that is implicit in these great images that Jesus uses.
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Now let me just close by drawing some attention to reading number one, which is from the prophet Isaiah.
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So if you say, okay, what is it?
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What is this distinctive quality?
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What makes us salty and spicy and luminous and so on?
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Well, listen to what Isaiah says in our first reading.
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Share your bread with the hungry.
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Shelter the oppressed and the homeless.
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Clothe the naked when you see them.
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Listen now.
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Then your light will break forth like the dawn, and your wounds shall quickly be healed.
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It's really interesting now in light of what we've been talking about.
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What's the light?
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What's the light?
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These actions.
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Now, building upon this, the Church develops the corporal works of mercy, which I've talked about a lot.
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Feed the hungry, give drink to the thirsty, clothe the naked, shelter the homeless, visit the imprisoned, visit the sick, bury the dead.
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Concrete things.
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And when you perform these acts of love, what happens?
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Your light will break forth like the dawn.
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You'll be light for others.
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And then listen, though.
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And your wound shall quickly be healed.
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What's the wound?
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I'm just not happy.
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I'm just not content.
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What's the matter?
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Don't turn inward and fuss about it.
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Remember Dr. Issel.
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You know, you want to be happy, forget about your happiness.
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You want to be holy, forget about your holiness.
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You want the wound healed.
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Old, turn your life into a gift for others.
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Salt, light, city on the hill, and it looks like these concrete works of mercy.
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Here's just the last thing from Isaiah that I'll add to the works of mercy.
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Listen, if you remove from your midst oppression, false accusation, and malicious speech,
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then light shall rise for you.
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There it is again.
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Where's the light going to come from?
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Well, he adds these, which I think are very relevant to us today.
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Oppression, false accusation, malicious speech.
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Go online any time of the day or night.
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How often now in the social media context we engage in just this kind of malicious speech,
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attacking people's characters, going after them.
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Remove that.
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You want to be happier?
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Remove that from your life, and light will shine forth.
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Remember, everybody, it's the extroverted move.
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It's the move out from yourself.
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The Christian exists not for herself.
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The Christian exists for the world.
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Light, salt, city set on the hill.
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And God bless you.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Become Someone for Others - Bishop Barron's Sunday Sermon”. As palavras que mais se repetem: salt, sake, Catholic, Christian, happiness. Este vídeo tem 153 frases e 2005 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 13:40. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 147 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. 83% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar. 26 das 153 frases são perguntas, por isso é um bom treino para a entonação de perguntas e respostas curtas.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| sake substantivo | /ˈseɪ̯k/ | causa, interesse |
| happiness substantivo | /ˈhæpinɪs/ | felicidade, alegria |
| preserve verbo | /pɹəˈzɝv/ | preservar |
| principle substantivo | /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/ | princípio |
| spicy adjetivo | /ˈspaɪsi/ | picante |
| fuss substantivo | /fʌs/ | rebuliço, confusão |
| spiritual adjetivo | /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/ | espiritual |
| arrive verbo | /əˈɹaɪv/ | chegar |
| mercy substantivo | /ˈmɝsi/ | misericórdia, piedade |
| heal verbo | /ˈhiːl/ | curar, sanar |
| fulfill verbo | /fʊlˈfɪl/ | realizar, cumprir |
| salty adjetivo | /ˈsɔlti/ | salgado, salobro |
| navigate verbo | /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/ | navegar |
| malicious adjetivo | /məˈlɪʃəs/ | malicioso, maldoso |
| hungry adjetivo | /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/ | faminto, com fome |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| get on with verbo | andar logo com | |
| go out verbo | sair | |
| wake up verbo | /ˌweɪk ˈʌp/ | acordar, despertar |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- How do I become happy?
- It's a very helpful principle, I find.
- How can I be salt for the world?
- How come they're depicted that way?
- You want to be happier?
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | was called · being fulfilled · can be raised |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has occurred · I've talked |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 29 contrações e formas reduzidas, como I'm, you're, they're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: thirsty /ˈθɝs.ti/, clothe /ˈkloʊð/, catholicos /kəˈθɒlɪkəs/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: malicious /məˈlɪʃəs/, shelter /ˈʃɛltə/, oppression /əˈpɹɛʃən/, accusation /ˌæk.jʊˈzeɪ.ʃ(ə)n/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: accusation /ˌæk.jʊˈzeɪ.ʃ(ə)n/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, navigation /nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/, distinctiveness /dɪsˈtɪŋ(k)tɪvnɪs/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: sake /ˈseɪ̯k/, saint /seɪnt/, navigate /ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/, concrete /ˌkɑnˈkɹit/, naked /ˈneɪkɪd/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: principle /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/, spiritual /ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/, heal /ˈhiːl/, fulfill /fʊlˈfɪl/, visible /ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: happiness /ˈhæpinɪs/, heal /ˈhiːl/, hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, unhappy /ʌnˈhæpi/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como sake, happiness, preserve.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.