跟读练习: CAM 20 | IELTS LISTENING TEST | TEST 1 - SECTION 4 #english #listeningpractice #ielts #education - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Part 4
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You will hear part of a presentation by an urban planning student about the role of rivers in cities around the world.
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First, you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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It's quite hard to think of a city that doesn't have a big river running through it.
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If you think about the major cities in the world,
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Shanghai, New York, Mumbai, London,
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they're nearly all built on rivers.
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When these cities were established hundreds or even thousands of years ago,
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the rivers were a big part of people's lives.
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In 16th century London, the quickest way to get from one part of the city to another was by river.
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But people also used the river for fishing,
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as the water then was relatively clean,
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and they would also go on boat trips up and down the river just for pleasure,
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as a relaxing escape from the noise and bustle of the city streets.
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But as industries developed and populations increased, city rivers suffered.
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The rising number of people meant there was a huge increase in the amount of sewage discharged into the rivers.
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Rivers had always been used for this purpose,
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but when the number of inhabitants was so small,
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that wasn't such a problem.
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However, as cities grew to over a million inhabitants,
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the impact on the rivers became more serious.
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In addition, other types of pollution increased as factories were built beside the river and discharged their waste materials into the water.
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This got worse over time.
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As recently as 1957, scientists at London's Natural History Museum declared that the River Thames was dead in biological terms,
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as the water was too filthy to support any kind of life.
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But in recent years, as rivers lost their industrial function,
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cities have begun to recognize their true value and to take steps to clean them up.
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For example, the River Thames is now cleaner than it's been for 150 years.
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These days, you can see seals swimming in the water,
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and recently people had to try to rescue a whale,
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which had got lost and swum up the river from the sea by mistake.
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Unfortunately, they didn't succeed, but the problem was disorientation rather than the quality of the water.
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Then, all around the world,
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riverside areas are now seen as prime sites for development.
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Warehouses that were once used for storing goods are now being converted into expensive restaurants and also into apartments with river views,
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which are in great demand and sell for astronomical prices.
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In Los Angeles, on the west coast of the USA,
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an architect has plans to revitalise the banks of the river
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and to make a park there which can provide facilities for sports as well as a natural environment for relaxing in.
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It's also hoped that the riverside can be used for other purposes.
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It's been proposed that facilities could be provided for displaying projects related to various kinds of art
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that have been produced by local people, for example.
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In the city of Paris,
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during the summer months of July and August,
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all the traffic is banned from the roads by the sides of the river
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and the banks are transformed into beaches where people can relax in deck chairs under potted palm trees,
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sunbathe or buy a drink or a snack while enjoying the view.
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But to make the most of our rivers in our increasingly crowded cities,
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we need to allow them to regain their original purpose and be used as a means of transport,
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reclaiming our streets from cars and lorries.
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To do this, we'll have to shift more traffic back to the river,
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but this time cleanly and silently,
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making the most of modern technology.
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Already, more than two billion passengers use the ferry to travel in cities around the world,
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like Istanbul, San Francisco, and New York,
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and these numbers are set to rise further.
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Admittedly, it's not a fast way of travelling,
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but neither is a car when it's stuck in traffic.
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Of course, passenger traffic on roads might decrease as more people start working from home,
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but another recent development, the huge rise in online shopping,
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has meant that another form of urban traffic just keeps on growing, and that's deliveries.
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Trucks and vans in the city pollute and double park while dropping off parcels.
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Imagine using the immense capacity of shipping to take these trucks off the road.
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One freight barge can replace 44 large trucks,
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uses far less energy, and causes less pollution.
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When the barge docks at the riverside,
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the parcels could be taken the last few kilometres to their final destination on cargo bikes,
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electric ones of course.
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This is already happening in the Dutch city of Amsterdam,
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and in future, the final stage could even be carried out by drone,
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although at present this isn't allowed.
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Wouldn't it be great to unblock our city centres in this way?
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Looking further ahead...
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Thank you.
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That is the end of the listening test.
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In the IELTS test, you would now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.
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Thank you.
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为什么要用这个视频练习口语？
通过这段关于世界各地城市中河流作用的演讲，您可以有效地提高自己的英语口语能力。视频中涵盖了城市发展与河流之间的关系，介绍了历史与现代视角下河流的重要性。这种内容不仅丰富且引人入胜，使学习者在模仿发音和语调时能够更好地投入情感，感受语言的节奏。
练习时，您可以尝试跟读演讲者的语句，通过shadow speech（影子言语）方法，在听的同时进行复述。这种方法极大地帮助学习者提高英语发音和流利度，尤其在处理复杂表达时尤为有效。
语法与表达方式分析
- 被动语态：在描述河流被污染的过程中，演讲者使用了被动语态，如“the River Thames was dead in biological terms”。这种结构突出了事件的影响，而非行动者。
- 时间状语从句：演讲中提到“as cities grew to over a million inhabitants”，这样的句子结构帮助学习者理解事件发展时的因果关系。
- 条件句：表达期望和假设的条件句，如“if you think about the major cities in the world”，使学习者能够掌握表达条件和推理的方式。
- 动名词短语：通过“going on boat trips”这样的表达，演讲者展示了动名词在句子中的多样用法，帮助学习者理解这类结构的自然运用。
常见发音陷阱
此视频中的一些词汇可能对学习者构成发音挑战。例如，"discharged" 和 "industrial" 这两个词在快速语速下可能难以清晰表达。为了提高英语发音，学习者可以多次跟读这些词汇，利用shadowspeak（影子说话）练习，专注于语调和重音位置。
此外，演讲者提到的“pollution”和“development”在连读时可能出现发音模糊的情况，因此注意音节间的连贯性是至关重要的。通过本视频的练习，您将能够纠正这些常见发音问题，从而流利地表达与城市发展相关的话题。
总之，利用这个视频提高您的英语口语，不仅能加深对城市与河流关系的理解，还能掌握一系列的语法与发音技巧，全面提升您的英语能力。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。