跟读练习: Need Conversation Practice? Right This Way! - 通过视频学习英语口语
正在创建课程...
1
This is gonna be so fun.
2
We're studying seven English conversations and you're going to be speaking.
3
Tons of English speaking practice here.
4
When you're learning another language, you just need to speak it as much as you can to build that conversational ability.
5
You'll watch a conversation and we'll define any terms you might not know.
6
Then you will be speaking both parts.
7
You need to speak out loud for this.
8
Don't leave me hanging in silence.
9
Then after all the conversations, we'll review the vocabulary and then you can watch them all one more time.
10
I'm Rachel, I have a background in opera singing, and I've been teaching the American accent to non -native speakers for over 20 years.
11
Scan this QR code or go to rachelsenglish .com slash free to get my free course, The Top 3 Ways to Master the American Accent.
12
It will change the way you think about speaking American English.
13
In the first conversation, you owe a friend money from a trip.
14
Hey, I just wanted to remind you that you still owe me money for the hotel in Cancun.
15
Oh my gosh, thank you so much for reminding me, it totally slipped my mind.
16
If something slips your mind, that just means you forgot.
17
No problem.
18
Do you have Venmo.
19
Venmo is an app popular in the United States for sending money to your friends.
20
Yes, I do.
21
What's your handle?
22
A handle is a unique username for an app.
23
For example, on Instagram, my handle is Rachel's English.
24
I'll text it to you.
25
Okay, thanks.
26
I will get on that.
27
I will pay you right away.
28
Now, we need to have you practice speaking.
29
I'll play person one, And you play person two.
30
I'll put on screen the text for you to say out loud.
31
Hey, I just wanted to remind you that you still owe me money for the hotel in Cancun.
32
No problem.
33
Do you have Venmo?
34
I'll text it to you.
35
Now you be person one.
36
Oh my gosh, thank you so much for reminding me.
37
It totally slipped my mind.
38
Yes, I do.
39
What's your handle?
40
Okay, thanks.
41
I will get on that.
42
I will pay you right away.
43
Now you're calling a friend who broke her foot to offer help.
44
Hey Jane, I heard you broke your foot.
45
Can you believe it?
46
I tripped on the stairs.
47
Oh my gosh, are you immobilized?
48
Immobilized means prevented from moving normally.
49
Yeah, I'm in a boot and I'm non -weight -bearing for six to eight weeks.
50
Non -weight -bearing means I can't stand or walk on my foot.
51
Wow, how can we help?
52
Would it be helpful for us to take Tim to school?
53
We've got most days covered, but actually it would be great if you could take him on Friday.
54
Great, no problem.
55
7 .30 okay?
56
That's perfect, he'll be all ready to go.
57
Thank you so much.
58
Perfect.
59
Now we need to have you practice speaking.
60
I'll play person one, and you play person two.
61
I'll put on screen the text for you to say out loud.
62
Hey Jane, I heard you broke your foot.
63
Oh my gosh, are you immobilized?
64
Wow, how can we help?
65
Would it be helpful for us to take Tim to school?
66
Great, no problem.
67
730 okay?
68
Perfect.
69
Now you be person one. Can you believe it?
70
I tripped on the stairs.
71
Yeah, I'm in a boot and I'm non -weight bearing for six to eight weeks.
72
We've got most days covered, but actually it would be great if you could take him on Friday.
73
That's perfect.
74
He'll be all ready to go.
75
Thank you so much.
76
Do you love babies as much as I do?
77
Hey, we want to come by to meet the new baby.
78
Would Sunday work?
79
Oh my gosh, that's so sweet.
80
Yeah, we have nothing planned.
81
Does one work for you?
82
Yes, we want to bring some food for you guys.
83
Are there any dietary restrictions or foods you absolutely hate.
84
A dietary restriction is a food that you cannot have because you have an allergy to it, or maybe you've chosen not to, like if you're vegan.
85
I don't have any food allergies, but I can think of a peanut allergy, or maybe someone who's lactose intolerant.
86
Those people would have dietary restrictions.
87
No, no restrictions, and we like pretty much everything.
88
Great, we'll see you then.
89
Oh good, I'm so excited for you to meet him.
90
Now, we need to have you practice speaking.
91
I'll play person one, and you play person two.
92
I'll put on screen the text for you to say out loud.
93
Hey, we wanna come by to meet the new baby.
94
Would Sunday work?
95
Yes, we wanna bring some food for you guys.
96
Are there any dietary restrictions or foods you absolutely hate?
97
Great, we'll see you then.
98
Now you be person one.
99
Oh my gosh, that's so sweet.
100
Yeah, we have nothing planned.
101
Does one work for you?
102
No, no restrictions, and we like pretty much everything.
103
Oh good, I'm so excited for you to meet him.
104
Now you're chatting with a colleague.
105
Hey Rachel, how are you?
106
Great.
107
It is such a relief to be heading into the weekend with The Johnson Project done fun.
108
Heading into is a phrasal verb that means going into something.
109
For example, I was heading into the kitchen when I saw a mouse run across the floor.
110
But we also use it for time, when we're at the beginning of a chunk of time, like heading into the weekend.
111
Or I could say, I'm heading into the summer with no vacation plans.
112
Yeah, totally, you put in so much overtime for that.
113
I did.
114
That was a tight deadline.
115
A deadline is the date at which you need to have something done.
116
A tight deadline is one where you're not sure if you have enough time to complete the task.
117
Tight deadlines are stressful.
118
Now, we need to have you practice speaking.
119
I'll play Person 1, and you play Person 2.
120
I'll put on -screen the text for you to say out loud.
121
Hey Rachel, how are you?
122
Yeah, totally.
123
You put in so much overtime for that.
124
Now, you be person one.
125
Great.
126
It is such a relief to be heading into the weekend with the Johnson Project done.
127
I did.
128
That was a tight deadline.
129
I hope you never lose your job.
130
Hey, how are you?
131
Honestly, not very good.
132
Last week I was laid off.
133
We use the word fired when someone is let go from their job for poor performance or for doing something wrong.
134
But we usually use laid off when it wasn't the person's fault but the company was downsizing or something like that.
135
Oh my gosh, I'm so sorry to hear that.
136
Yeah, it's a huge bummer.
137
My whole team was let go.
138
Oh no. So, not doing great today.
139
That's hard.
140
I'm really sorry.
141
Thanks.
142
I'm just taking a few days to lay low and then I'll start looking for work next week.
143
Good luck.
144
Now, we need to have you practice speaking.
145
I'll play person one, and you play person two.
146
I'll put on -screen the text for you to say out loud.
147
Hey, how are you?
148
Oh my gosh, I'm so sorry to hear that.
149
Oh no. That's hard, I'm really sorry.
150
Good luck.
151
Now you be person one.
152
Honestly, not very good.
153
Last week I was laid off.
154
Yeah, it's a huge bummer.
155
My whole team was let go.
156
So, not doing great today.
157
Thanks.
158
I'm just taking a few days to lay low, and then I'll start looking for work next week.
159
Now you're calling a babysitter.
160
Hey Dana, I was calling to see if you could babysit on Friday.
161
Why I was calling instead of I am calling sometimes we
162
use the past continuous tense to ask questions I was calling to see
163
if you could babysit I was wondering
164
if you wanted to go out to dinner with me it
165
just adds an extra layer of politeness oh I can't I'm not free
166
that evening you could also decline by saying I'm not available I already have plans
167
or I'm all booked up I am free Saturday evening though I'm sure we can change our reservations.
168
Let's do Saturday.
169
Does seven o 'clock work?
170
It does.
171
Great.
172
Thank you.
173
See you then.
174
You're welcome.
175
Now we need to have you practice speaking.
176
I'll play person one and you play person two.
177
I'll put on screen the text for you to say out loud.
178
Hey Dana, I was calling to see if you could babysit on Friday.
179
I'm sure we can change our reservations.
180
Let's do Saturday.
181
Does seven o 'clock work?
182
Great, thank you.
183
See you then.
184
Now you be person one.
185
Oh, I can't.
186
I'm not free that evening.
187
I am free Saturday evening though.
188
You're welcome.
189
In our final conversation, you're chatting with a friend about an upcoming trip.
190
So when do you leave for London?
191
Tomorrow night.
192
So you're taking the red eye?
193
A red eye is an overnight flight.
194
Brutal.
195
I cannot sleep on planes.
196
I can, so I'm not worried about that, but the jet lag will be tough.
197
Jet lag is when your body has a hard time adjusting to a new time zone.
198
Well, just douse yourself in lattes your first day.
199
To douse something means to pour liquid over it to soak it.
200
Of course, this is a joke.
201
I don't actually mean to pour lattes on your head.
202
I just mean drink a lot of coffee.
203
I do love a good latte.
204
Then knock yourself out with sleeping pills the first night.
205
To be knocked out means to be made unconscious, like if you got hit in the head with something, but we also use it to describe sleeping very deeply.
206
Yeah, I'll do that.
207
I do want to get on that new time zone quickly since it's such a short trip.
208
Now, we need to have you practice speaking.
209
I'll play person 1, and you play person 2.
210
I'll put on -screen the text for you to say out loud.
211
So when do you leave for London? him.
212
So you're taking the red -eye?
213
Brutal, I cannot sleep on planes.
214
Well, just douse yourself in lattes your first day.
215
Then knock yourself out with sleeping pills the first night.
216
Now you be person one.
217
Tomorrow night.
218
ICAM, so I'm not worried about that, but the jet lag will be tough.
219
I do love a good latte.
220
Yeah, I'll do that.
221
I do want to get on that new time zone quickly since it's such a short trip.
222
Great.
223
Now let's review all the vocabulary we learned learned.
224
We'll review them out of order.
225
Put anything that is new to you that you're learning right now in the comments below as a list.
226
Nouns.
227
Red eye.
228
A red eye is an overnight blight.
229
Venmo.
230
Venmo is an app popular in the United States for sending money to your friends.
231
Dietary restriction.
232
A dietary restriction is a food that you cannot have because you have an allergy to it, or maybe you've chosen not to, like if you're vegan.
233
I don't have any food allergies, but I can think of a peanut allergy, or maybe someone who's lactose intolerant.
234
Those people would have dietary restrictions.
235
Jet lag.
236
Jet lag is when your body has a hard time adjusting to a new time zone.
237
Deadline, a deadline is the date at which you need to have something done.
238
A tight deadline is one where you're not sure if you have enough time to complete the task.
239
Tight deadlines are stressful.
240
Handle, a handle is a unique username for an app.
241
For example, on Instagram, my handle is Rachel's English.
242
Now some verbs.
243
Douse.
244
To douse something means to pour liquid over it to soak it.
245
Of course, this is a joke.
246
I don't actually mean to pour lattes on your head.
247
I just mean drink a lot of coffee.
248
Heading into.
249
Heading into is a phrasal verb that means going into something.
250
For example, I was heading into the kitchen when I saw a mouse run across the floor.
251
But we also use it for time, time, when we're at the beginning of a chunk of time, like heading into the weekend.
252
Or I could say, I'm heading into the summer with no vacation plans.
253
Knocked out, to be knocked out means to be made unconscious, like if you got hit in the head with something, but we also use it to describe sleeping very deeply.
254
Laid off, we usually use laid off when it wasn't the person's fault but the company was downsizing or something like that.
255
Now some adjectives, adverbs, or other descriptors.
256
Immobilized.
257
Immobilized means prevented from moving normally.
258
Non -weight -bearing.
259
Non -weight -bearing means I can't stand or walk on my foot.
260
And finally, other expressions and phrases.
261
Something slips your mind.
262
If something slips your mind, that just means you forgot.
263
I was calling.
264
Why I was calling instead of I am calling.
265
Sometimes we use the past continuous tense to ask questions.
266
I was calling to see if you could babysit.
267
I was wondering if you wanted to go out to dinner with me.
268
It just adds an extra layer of politeness.
269
And now we'll see all that vocabulary in context and watch the conversations again.
270
Hey, I just wanted to remind you that you still owe me money for the hotel in Cancun.
271
Oh my gosh, thank you so much for reminding me.
272
It totally slipped my mind.
273
No problem.
274
Do you have Venmo?
275
Yes, I do.
276
What's your handle?
277
I'll text it to you.
278
Okay, thanks.
279
I will get on that.
280
I will pay you right away.
281
Hey Jane, I heard you broke your foot.
282
Can you believe it?
283
I tripped on the stairs.
284
Oh my gosh, are you immobilized?
285
Yeah, I'm in a boot and I'm non -weight -bearing for six to eight weeks.
286
Wow, how can we help?
287
Would it be helpful for us to take Tim to school?
288
We've got most days covered, but actually it would be great if you could take him on Friday.
289
Great, no problem.
290
7 .30 okay?
291
That's perfect.
292
He'll be all ready to go.
293
Thank you so much.
294
Perfect.
295
Hey, we want to come by to meet the new baby.
296
Would Sunday work?
297
Oh my gosh, that's so sweet.
298
Yeah, we have nothing planned.
299
Does one work for you?
300
Yes, we want to bring some food for you guys.
301
Are there any dietary restrictions or foods you absolutely hate?
302
No, no restrictions and we like pretty much everything.
303
Great, we'll see you then.
304
Oh good, I'm so excited for you to meet him.
305
Perfect.
306
Hey Rachel, how are you?
307
Great.
308
It is such a relief to be heading into the weekend with the Johnson Project done.
309
Yeah, totally.
310
You put in so much overtime for that.
311
I did.
312
That was a tight deadline.
313
Hey, how are you?
314
Honestly, not very good.
315
Last week I was laid off.
316
Oh my gosh, I'm so sorry to hear that.
317
Yeah, it's a huge bummer.
318
My whole team was let go.
319
Oh no. So, not doing great today.
320
That's hard.
321
I'm really sorry.
322
Thanks.
323
I'm just taking a few days to lay low and then I'll start looking for work next week.
324
Good luck.
325
Hey Dana, I was calling to see if you could babysit on Friday.
326
Oh, I can't.
327
I'm not free that evening.
328
I am free Saturday evening though.
329
I'm sure we can change our reservations.
330
Let's do Saturday.
331
Does seven the clockwork it does great thank you see you then you're welcome so when do you leave for london
332
tomorrow night so you're taking the red eye brutal i cannot sleep on planes i can
333
so i'm not worried about that
334
but the jet lag will be tough well just douse yourself
335
in lattes your first day i do love a good latte then knock yourself out with sleeping pills the first night Yeah, I'll do that.
336
I do want to get on that new time zone quickly since it's such a short trip.
337
I would love it if every day this week, you watched the training part of the video where you participate out loud in the conversation.
338
The more you practice speaking, the easier it becomes.
339
Here's an idea, try making up your own responses within the conversations.
340
Just anything to get you thinking and speaking.
341
Don't forget to head over to rachelsenglish .com free to get my free course, The Top 3 Ways to Master the American Accent.
342
Keep your learning going now with this video and don't forget to subscribe with notifications on.
343
I absolutely love being your English teacher.
344
That's it and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
📺 同频道
B12,690
The 7 Habits of Highly Successful Students (Part 6) 💯
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2489
The 7 Habits of Highly Successful Students (Part 5) 🌟
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B129
The 7 Habits of Highly Successful Students (Part 1) ✅
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity Students
![English Sounds - OW [aʊ] Diphthong - How to make the OW as in NOW Diphthong](https://img.youtube.com/vi/i8KThVR713Q/mqdefault.jpg)
B11
English Sounds - OW [aʊ] Diphthong - How to make the OW as in NOW Diphthong
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B1173
English Conversation: Job Interview🧑🏻💼
American AccentBusiness EnglishInterview EnglishUniversity Students
B129
The 7 Habits of Highly Successful Students (Part 3) 🎯
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B138
The 7 Habits of Highly Successful Students (Part 2) 🏆
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B144
The 7 Habits of Highly Successful Students (Part 4) 🚀
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B149
The 7 Habits of Highly Successful Students (Part 7) 🥇
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B22
Learn English with Movies – Ferris Bueller’s Day Off
American AccentDaily ConversationWorking Adults
![American English Pronunciation: EH [ɛ] vs. AA [æ] Vowels](https://img.youtube.com/vi/UM9gPzKs1Hg/mqdefault.jpg)
B14
American English Pronunciation: EH [ɛ] vs. AA [æ] Vowels
American AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
A225
Complement vs. Compliment 🤗
American AccentTeensDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B111
English Vocabulary -- Words for the Kitchen -- American English
American AccentDaily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
English Words You’re Probably Mispronouncing ❌Difficult English Pronunciation | Rachel’s English
American AccentDaily ConversationWorking Adults
B27
Pronunciation – The Definitive Guide to the Top 100 Words in American English | Rachel’s English
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B112
Unvoiced vs. Voiced: American English Pronunciation
American AccentDaily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
B14
Mixing Up V & W sounds: American English Pronunciation
American AccentDaily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
How to Network | Find a Job in the US by Networking | How to Find a Job | Networking Tips
American AccentBusiness EnglishInterview EnglishWorking Adults
B24
Learning English—How to learn ENGLISH SPEAKING—Learning English with movies | Rachel’s English
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B16
Weddings! 2-Syllable Words Stress in American English
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
✨ 推荐视频
B11
193 句
Improve Your English Speaking Fluency \ Level "Hard"
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B13
244 句
Real English Conversation Practice | Learn English with Everyday Conversations
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
B11
178 句
Speak With Me: English Speaking Practice
American AccentInterview EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B12
170 句
Learn English Conversation | Shadowing English Speaking Practice 🎧
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B11
468 句
Speaking English: You NEED This Vocab!
American AccentTravel EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
A228 句
20260630 TUTOR A EN 9x16 FX CUSTOMS free ZT YOUNGNV L2 RS P1X1R1C1 YQ XT XT
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B12
70 句
Hear it & Say it: Listen and Repeat English Sentences for Speaking Practice
American AccentBusiness EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B14
25 句
Don’t you want to have real conversations in English?
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B16
113 句
Improve Your English Speaking Skills | English Restaurant conversation practice
British AccentTravel EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B13
111 句
Practice Speaking Fast and Fluent | 10 Minutes English Speaking Exercise
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
B11
423 句
Real English Conversation Practice: Shadow This with Only 210 Words
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
B13
89 句
Learn English with Podcast | 5 Minutes Listening Practice
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“Need Conversation Practice? Right This Way!”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：speaking, gosh, heading, calling, restriction。 这段视频共有 344 个句子、2829 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 20:36。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 137 个词，很适合跟读。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| gosh | /ɡɑːʃ/ | 唉, 啊呀 |
| restriction 名词 | /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/ | 限制 |
| deadline 名词 | /ˈdɛdˌlaɪn/ | 截止日期, 限期 |
| remind 动词 | /ɹəˈmaɪnd/ | 提醒 |
| knock 动词 | /nɑk/ | 敲 |
| slip 动词 | /ˈslɪp/ | 滑 |
| allergy 名词 | /ˈæl.əɹ.d͡ʒi/ | 過敏 /过敏 |
| pour 动词 | /poɹ/ | 倒 |
| helpful 形容词 | /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/ | 有幫助 /有帮助 |
| boot 名词 | /but/ | 靴子, 長靴 /长靴 |
| accent 名词 | /ækˈsɛnt/ | 重音, 腔調 /腔调 |
| stairs 名词 | /ˈstɛɹz/ | 樓梯 /楼梯 |
| brutal 形容词 | /ˈbɹuːtəl/ | 殘忍 /残忍, 野蠻 /野蛮 |
| pill 名词 | /pɪl/ | 藥丸 /药丸, 藥片 /药片 |
| reservation 名词 | /ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/ | 保留 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| knock out 动词 | 昏迷 | |
| make up 动词 | /ˌmeɪk ˈʌp/ | 組成 /组成 |
| speak out 动词 | 表達意見 /表达意见, 主張己見 /主张己见 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- Don't leave me hanging in silence.
- I'll text it to you.
- Wow, how can we help?
- Do you love babies as much as I do?
- Does one work for you?
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | was laid · is let · was let |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | you've chosen |
| 过去进行时 was/were + -ing — 过去某一时刻正在进行的动作 | was heading · was downsizing · was calling |
| 动词 + -ing enjoy、keep、stop… + -ing — 后接 -ing 形式的动词 | practice speaking · start looking |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 109 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 I'm, I'll, you're。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: gosh /ɡɑːʃ/, restriction /ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/, reservation /ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/, vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/, unconscious /ˌʌnˈkɑnʃəs/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: reservation /ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/, participate /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: reservation /ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/, overtime /ˈoʊ.vɚˌtaɪm/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, verb /vɝb/, vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: gosh /ɡɑːʃ/, remind /ɹəˈmaɪnd/, knock /nɑk/, slip /ˈslɪp/, boot /but/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: allergy /ˈæl.əɹ.d͡ʒi/, brutal /ˈbɹuːtəl/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, stressful /ˈstɹɛsfəl/, intolerant /ɪnˈtɑləɹənt/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 gosh, restriction, deadline 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。