跟读练习: The Best Dragon (According to Science) - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
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Hi, this is Julián from MinuteEarth.
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Hi, this is Julián from MinuteEarth.
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Dragons don't exist - but if they did – which would be pretty cool – they'd need to conform to Earth's biological and physical rules.
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So we figured we'd make a fun video about which of these famous fantasy dragons would have the best shot at being more than just fantasy.
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To rank these dragons’ believability, we’ll start with the most egregiously unnatural characteristics of dragons and move up from there.
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Look, obviously dragons breathe fire, but we looked into it and the only thing that even comes close to that in nature is the bombardier beetle, which fires boiling hot liquid from its butt to burn its enemies – not exactly fire breathing.
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So let’s just move on to limbs.
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Most Western depictions of dragons, like on the Welsh flag, have four legs and two wings for a total of six limbs.
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But all bony creatures on Earth evolved from a four-limbed fish whose body is the blueprint for every other bony creature … including a hypothetical dragon, clearly a bony creature.
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This would make it very unlikely for a six-limbed dragon to evolve on Earth.
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That’s why some fantasy writers, filmmakers, and game designers have used real bats, birds, and pterosaurs as models for their four-limbed dragons.
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So we’re placing all these six-limbed dragons in the bottom tier, including the Smaug from the theatrical release of the first Hobbit film.
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The Smaug from the second film, however, gets to move on, since the filmmakers removed his front legs, not because they particularly cared about Earth’s evolutionary history, but because they thought it would make for a more expressive performance.
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A wingless four-legged dragon would be accurate too, but without magical flight like Eastern depictions of dragons, that’s basically just a lizard.
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So, let’s talk about wings: animals need them in order to fly, which means they need big chest muscles to flap their wings, which means they need a tall ridge on their specially modified sternums called a “keel” for the muscles to attach to.
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A dragon without a keel couldn’t have the muscles needed to power fast enough flight to keep its massive body in the air.
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That means it’s the end of the line for these smooth-chested beauties.
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But a keel alone is not enough to fly; any creature that wants to fly also needs the right combination of weight, wing size, and flight speed.
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The more a creature weights, the bigger its wings need to be or the faster it needs to fly to generate the necessary lift to keep it afloat.
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For example, penguins, which do have a keel, could actually fly despite their comically narrow wings, but they would have to go nearly as fast as a commercial airliner and deal with ludicrous forces on their wings.
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The Quetzalcoatlus pterosaur, thought to be the largest flying animal to have ever existed, had a 12 meter wingspan, which kept its 250 kilograms aloft at a reasonable 80 Km/h speed.
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Naturally, we painstakingly calculated the weights and wing sizes of all our remaining dragon contenders and found they all had wings too small for their weight, meaning they’d need to fly at ridiculously fast speeds in order to sustain flight and the forces involved would destroy any flesh and bone based wings.
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Wait, so NOBODY wins?
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Well … among our remaining candidates, the most realistic has to be the one with the biggest wings in relation to their weight.
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And the winner is: the Hungarian Horntail from Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire.
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It has four limbs, a keel to hold its muscles, and the biggest wings in relation to its weight.
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Now, whether or not you could ride it … we could get into that, but we don’t want this video to drag-on.
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Did someone just make a claw-some pun?!
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Hey Matt! What brings you over to MinuteEarth from the Extra Credits side of the internet?
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Well Julián, you got me thinking… if the existence of these fantastical beasts are scientifically improbable at best… then how did tons of cultures around the world each come up with Dragons myths before every having contact with one another?
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Good question!
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Say, you wouldn’t happen to… oh I don’t know… have any idea where one could find a youtube video discussing that very topic would you?
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You know, I just might!
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If you’re fired up about dragons like I am, then come fly by the Extra Mythology campfire, where we’ll talk all about the Dragon myths of various cultures, human psychology, dinosaurs, and even the politics of Dragons!
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Political dragons eh?
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Hope they can let “Bagons be Bagons”… Did we just become best friends?
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为什么要通过这个视频练习口语？
在学习英语的过程中，口语练习是不可或缺的一部分。《科学上最好的龙》这个视频为学习者提供了一个充满趣味的环境，适合进行英语口语练习。通过模仿视频中的发音和语调，学习者可以增强自己的语言表达能力和自信心。此外，这段视频讨论了关于龙的科学背景，帮助学生在练习时不仅是重复句子，更能够理解所说内容，从而提高交际能力。
语法与表达方式分析
视频中的讲述者使用了几种关键的语言结构，这些表达对学习者的shadow speech技巧提升非常有用。以下是其中的一些结构：
- “如果……那就……”：这种假设结构用来讨论不真实的情况，比如“如果龙存在，那将是多么酷！”。
- “我们研究发现……”：这句常用于介绍研究结果，帮助学习者理解如何在口语中引入论据。
- “很不幸……”：这种表达方式用来引入负面的结果，有助于学习者增强表达的情感色彩。
掌握这些表达不仅有助于提高英语发音、流利度，还能让学生在对话中更有效地传达观点。
常见发音陷阱
在视频中，有些单词和短语可能会对学习者构成挑战。以下是需要注意的几点：
- “dragon”（龙）：这个词的发音十分重要，注意清晰地发出“dr”的音节。
- “breathe” （呼吸）：要特别注意在这个单词中“th”的发音，许多学习者容易忽略。
- “evolved” （进化）：注意发音的重音位置，以提升整体口语的自然感。
定期通过视频进行提高英语发音的练习，不仅会帮助学员克服常见的发音障碍，还能在与他人交流时更加自如。尝试使用shadowspeak的方法，模仿讲述者的语调和节奏，以增强自身的口语能力！
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。