跟读练习: The Demographic Transition Model Explained | Geography | ClickView - 通过YouTube学习英语口语
C1
跟读控制
0% 已完成 (0/48 句)
- [Narrator] For most of human history life has been a rather brutal affair.
⏸ 已暂停
速度:
重复次数:
等待模式:
字幕同步:0ms
下载应用
AI 为你说出的每个句子打分
所有句子48 句
1
- [Narrator] For most of human history life has been a rather brutal affair.
2
Both birth rates and death rates were high, making populations relatively stable.
3
With almost eight billion people alive today, our world is a very different place from what it has ever been.
4
To understand the complex relationship between changes in a population as a nation develops over time, demographers can use what's called the Demographic Transition Model.
5
This theory of population change describe transitions between five stages of development.
6
Each stage is defined by the relationship between the birth and death rate which in turn influences the rate of growth or decline.
7
These changes are based on the influences of various social and economic developments.
8
Let's break these stages down in more detail.
9
What we know of ancient humans tells us that around one in four infants died before their first birthday.
10
As many as half of all humans died before puberty.
11
With such a high mortality rate populations needed high birth rates just to survive.
12
Demographers refer to this balance as Stage One of the Demographic Transition Model.
13
Relatively equal rates of births and deaths means the population size is generally stable.
14
A population pyramid for this stage would have a wide base and a narrow top.
15
While some regions today could arguably be described as Stage One, most demographers see it as a stage in our past.
16
For many countries, it began changing during the Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century.
17
Thanks to centuries of science, know a lot about how to keep food and water germ free, how to keep wounds from becoming infected, and how to vaccinate against many diseases.
18
As people gain access to basic levels of healthcare, sanitation, and food security, the death rate falls, especially among children.
19
Meanwhile, the birth rate remains high.
20
While Stage One was relatively stable, Stage Two represents a population explosion.
21
More children survive and have children of their own.
22
Nations south of the Sahara in Africa, such as South Sudan and Nigeria, are considered to be at Stage Two of the model.
23
As medicine and technology advance and more children survive, families start having fewer babies.
24
Expanding populations also experience some significant cultural changes.
25
There are more educational opportunities, especially for women.
26
Better education leads to higher employment rates, meaning women have options other than being full-time mothers, including having a stronger say in how a community is run.
27
Wealth, power, and innovation also help promote access to and use of contraception.
28
These factors lead to a period of growth that's slower than before.
29
Nations such as India, Brazil, and Vietnam are seen as being in this stage.
30
Populations are still increasing, but at a reduced rate compared to Stage Two.
31
Over time the reduced birth rate will be matched by a relatively low death rate, and the population will no longer increase or decrease.
32
Stage Four of the Demographic Transition Model is when low death rates and low birth rates create a stable population.
33
Most of world's developed nations such as the US, France, Canada, and Australia are at Stage Four.
34
When birth rates remain below the approximate 2.1 children per woman that is necessary for keeping even the healthiest population stable, the number of people declines.
35
If current predictions hold, a number of nations could soon join Japan and Germany in the fifth and final stage of the Demographic Transition Model.
36
High costs of living, fear of global catastrophes, and other social pressures could see fewer people choosing to have children.
37
Smaller populations might seem like a win for the environment, demanding fewer resources and leaving less waste.
38
But the pressures on the economy will increase in the short term, as there are fewer young people to care for a slowly aging population.
39
Nations, such as Germany and Japan, are already facing this decline.
40
Other countries such as China might not be far behind.
41
These nations must consider how to meet the challenges of a shrinking population.
42
Croatia is another nation that could be seen as experiencing Stage Five.
43
From the 1950s through the 1970s, 1980s, and to today, Croatia has represented each stage of the Demographic Transition Model.
44
How countries will develop in the future is a hot topic for discussion.
45
The Demographic Transition Model is useful but like all models, it has limits.
46
From the devastation of wars and pandemics to surprises delivered by economic booms and new form of economics, anything could affect the population of Earth in the near and distant future.
47
If you liked this video you can find it and so many more at clickview.net.
48
Sign up for free today!
TRENDING
热门
App Store 和 Google Play 评分 4.9/5
Shadowing English
移动端
随时随地使用 Shadowing English 应用学习英语。今天就提高您的沟通技巧！
跟踪您的学习进度
AI 评分和纠错
丰富的视频库
关于本课
在本课中，学习者将通过观看人口转变模型的讲解视频，了解不同阶段的人口变化及其社会经济影响。学生将练习观察、理解以及复述视频中的关键信息，旨在提高英语发音和口语能力。通过shadow speech技巧，学习者可以有效提升自己的英语流利度，并在雅思口语练习中表现更佳。
关键词汇与短语
- 出生率 (birth rate)
- 死亡率 (death rate)
- 人口金字塔 (population pyramid)
- 工业革命 (Industrial Revolution)
- 医疗保健 (healthcare)
- 生育率 (fertility rate)
- 文化变化 (cultural changes)
- 稳定人口 (stable population)
练习建议
观看视频的同时，建议开启音量并仔细听讲者的发音和语调。在练习时，可以尝试shadowspeak的方式，即在听到每一句话时，立即复述出来。由于视频讲话速度适中，音调清晰，通过shadow speech的方法可以帮助你更好地掌握发音技巧。
建议将视频暂停，在关键句子处停顿并模仿讲者的口音和语调，这样可以有效地提高英语发音的准确性。复述时，注意强调句子的重音部分，从而有助于提升语言表达的自然流畅性。在实现这些步骤时，你会发现自己的英语口语能力，特别是在雅思口语练习中，进步显著。
最后，定期回顾这些关键词汇，通过不断重复和使用这些短语，可以进一步巩固你的学习成果，为将来的语言交流打下坚实的基础。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。