跟读练习: What is AI? - 通过视频学习英语口语
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What is AI?
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You've probably heard a lot about artificial intelligence or AI in the last few years.
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News and social media has been flooded with stories
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and reports about AI and there's been a global conversation about the balance between risks and supporting innovation.
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But once we sweep away some of the complicated words, cliched imagery and science fiction, what is artificial intelligence?
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The term artificial intelligence can mean a lot of things and there is no single definition that is suitable for every scenario.
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But one widely accepted meaning is that AI systems are machines
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that perform tasks that normally require human intelligence and often learn from and use data to do those tasks.
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The idea of AI has been around for a long time.
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Discussions around artificial intelligence began in the 1940s and 1950s with the advent of computers
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and had already entered homes by the end of the 20th century with the AI systems inside automated vacuum cleaners.
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AI systems follow the rules of an algorithm or a method of data analysis called machine learning to make predictions and decisions.
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These systems are often used to do tasks that are traditionally thought of as requiring humans.
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So, what are the different types of artificial intelligence?
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Here are a few examples.
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Narrow AI is the type of AI that has been around the longest.
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It is an artificial intelligence system that has been developed or trained to do one specific task.
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For example, a fraud detection tool might be trained to look for patterns in a set of financial transactions
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and flag the need for investigations.
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General purpose AI involves using large quantities of data to train a system to perform a wide range of tasks.
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These AI systems can be used to generate content, translate languages or answer queries.
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They are often referred to as foundation models
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because they can provide a base system upon which more specific AI applications can be built.
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You may also have heard of the term Artificial General Intelligence or AGI.
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This is an idea that computers will soon be able to achieve general intelligence and autonomy, but this is still, as yet, very much theoretical.
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Has your council started discussions about an AI strategy?
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What existing processes in your council could benefit from AI support?
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What training or guidance might you and your team need to work effectively with AI?
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Watch more of our AI Unpack series to explore answers to some of the most common questions about AI.
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These videos explain some of the terms and concepts to help you understand how you and your organisation
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might respond to the opportunities and challenges the AI brings.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
视频中反复出现的词有：intelligence, artificial, task, term。 这段视频共有 31 个句子、447 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 2:48。 说话人语速自然，每分钟约 160 个词，接近日常对话。 只有 80% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。 全部 31 个句子中有 6 个是问句，适合练习疑问语调和简短回答。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 13 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| automate 动词 | /ˈɔ.təˌmeɪt/ | 自動化 /自动化 |
| query 名词 | /ˈkwɪɹ.i/ | 問題 /问题, 質問 /质问 |
| advent 动词 | /ˈæd.vɛnt/ | 到來 /到来, 出現 /出现 |
| autonomy 名词 | /ɔˈtɑ.nə.mi/ | 自治 |
| cleaner 名词 | /ˈkli.nɚ/ | 清潔工 /清洁工 |
| translate 动词 | /tɹænzˈleɪt/ | 翻譯 /翻译, 譯 /译 |
| prediction 名词 | /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/ | 預言 /预言, 預估 /预估 |
| sweep 动词 | /swiːp/ | 打掃 /打扫, 掃 /扫 |
| theoretical 形容词 | /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/ | 理論 /理论 |
| algorithm 名词 | /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/ | 算法, 演算法 |
| quantity 名词 | /ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/ | 數量 /数量, 量 |
| vacuum 名词 | /ˈvæ.kjuːm/ | 真空 |
| scenario 名词 | /sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/ | 腳本 /脚本, 場景 /场景 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | You've probably heard · has been flooded · has been |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | has been flooded · has been developed · might be trained |
需要注意的发音
- “th” 音: theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, detection /dɪˈtɛk.ʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: autonomy /ɔˈtɑ.nə.mi/, theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: advent /ˈæd.vɛnt/, vacuum /ˈvæ.kjuːm/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: automate /ˈɔ.təˌmeɪt/, advent /ˈæd.vɛnt/, translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/, sweep /swiːp/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/, theoretical /ˌθi.əˈɹɛt.ɪ.kəl/, algorithm /ˈælɡəɹɪðm̩/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 automate, query, advent 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。