跟读练习: Why Michael Jackson’s Death was 25 Years in the Making - 通过视频学习英语口语
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336 句
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1
I don't want my brother's death to be a mystery to us or the public.
我不希望我哥哥的死对我们或公众来说是一个谜。
2
We want the world to know what really happened to him.
我们希望全世界都知道他到底遭遇了什么。
3
It's June 25th, 2009, 2.26pm Pacific Time.
现在是太平洋时间2009年6月25日下午2点26分。
4
The alarm sound comes on over the system and says 50 year old male cardiac arrest, 100 North Carolwood.
系统警报响起，播报内容为：50岁男性心脏骤停，地点北卡罗伍德100号。
5
He's pumping his chest but he's not responding to anything, sir.
他正在按压他的胸部，但他对任何刺激都没有反应，长官。
6
Did anybody witness what happened?
有没有人目击到发生了什么事？
7
No, just the doctor, sir.
不，先生，只有医生来了。
8
We're on our way.
我们已经在路上了。
9
In minutes of Michael Jackson's death being reported, the internet began to break.
迈克尔·杰克逊的死讯传出仅几分钟，互联网就开始陷入瘫痪。
10
Michael Jackson, the pop star, the king of pop, the king of pop, pop music and dance innovator.
迈克尔·杰克逊，流行歌星，流行音乐之王，流行音乐之王，流行音乐与舞蹈的革新者。
11
He has been rushed to a Los Angeles hospital.
他已被紧急送往洛杉矶的一家医院。
12
We've also been told that Michael Jackson was brought here in full cardiac arrest, that he wasn't breathing or conscious when they picked him up in the ambulance.
我们还得知，迈克尔·杰克逊被送到这里时已经心脏骤停，救护人员接他上车时，他已经没有呼吸，也失去了意识。
13
The LA Times was the first major news organization to confirm he was gone.
《洛杉矶时报》是首家证实他已离世的主流新闻机构。
14
That article recorded 2.3 million page views in a single hour.
那篇文章在一小时内的页面浏览量达到了230万次。
15
And it kept going.
而且它还在继续。
16
TMZ crashed, AOL crashed, ABC, CBS, and CNN money went dark.
TMZ网站崩溃，AOL网站崩溃，ABC、CBS和CNN Money也都无法访问。
17
Yahoo's story, Michael Jackson Rushed to Hospital, got 800,000 clicks in 10 minutes.
雅虎那篇题为《迈克尔·杰克逊紧急送医》的报道在十分钟内获得了80万次点击。
18
So many people searched Michael Jackson on Google simultaneously that they thought they were under cyber attack.
大量用户同时在谷歌上搜索迈克尔·杰克逊，谷歌方面一度以为遭到了网络攻击。
19
Wikipedia crashed at 3.15 p.m.
维基百科在下午3点15分崩溃了。
20
Users were in editing war over whether or not he was dead before the news was officially confirmed.
在消息得到官方证实之前，用户们就他是否已经去世展开了编辑战。
21
By then, nearly a million people visited his Wikipedia article in a single hour.
到那时，已有近百万人在短短一小时内访问了他的维基百科页面。
22
AOL called it, quote, a seminal moment in internet history.
美国在线称其为“互联网历史上的一个开创性时刻”。
23
The whole world knew Michael Jackson had died.
全世界都知道迈克尔·杰克逊去世了。
24
But do we actually know why?
但我们真的知道原因吗？
25
Everyone thinks they know what happened.
每个人都觉得自己知道发生了什么。
26
A propofol dose gone wrong.
丙泊酚用药剂量出错了。
27
But that's not the whole story.
但事情并非如此简单。
28
Michael Jackson's death wasn't caused by a single night in 2009.
迈克尔·杰克逊的离世并非由2009年的那一个夜晚单独造成。
29
It was the final domino in a 25 year chain that began with Pepsi and ended with propofol.
这是一场长达25年连锁反应的最后一块多米诺骨牌，这场连锁始于百事可乐，终于丙泊酚。
30
This is the 15 seconds that killed Michael Jackson.
就是这15秒，夺走了迈克尔·杰克逊的生命。
31
There are more than 20 documentaries about Michael Jackson, and that's just counting the ones formerly tagged on Wikipedia.
关于迈克尔·杰克逊的纪录片有20多部，这还只是统计了维基百科上之前有标记的那些。
32
The real number is uncountable.
实数是不可数的。
33
This year, Michael became the highest grossing musical biopic of all time.
今年，《迈克尔》成为有史以来票房最高的音乐传记片。
34
Just the movie trailer was viewed 30 million times in six hours and 116 million times in 24 hours.
仅该电影的预告片在六小时内就获得了3000万次观看，24小时内的观看量达到了1.16亿次。
35
That's more than any trailer for any musical biopic or concert film in history.
这一数据超过了历史上任何一部音乐传记片或演唱会电影的预告片播放量。
36
And weeks after the movie was released, yet another documentary on the 2005 trial titled The Verdict dropped on Netflix.
这部电影上映数周后，另一部关于2005年审判的纪录片《裁决》在Netflix上线。
37
No other entertainer commands this much screen time or cultural attention 17 years after his death. So
在去世17年后，没有其他艺人能拥有如此多的荧幕曝光和文化关注度。所以
38
when this larger than life figure in the midst of a
当这位传奇人物正身处一场
39
massive comeback was struck down at just 50 years old from an anesthetic in his own bedroom, something didn't add up.
他原本有望迎来一场强势复出，却年仅50岁就在自己的卧室里因麻醉剂意外离世，整件事疑点重重。
40
The night of June 25th, 2009 was just the final domino.
2009年6月25日的那个夜晚，不过是最后倒下的那一块多米诺骨牌。
41
But where did the chain reaction start?
但这场连锁反应究竟是从哪里开始的？
42
We went looking for that domino.
我们去找那块多米诺骨牌了。
43
Here's what those 20 plus documentaries leave out.
那二十多部纪录片没有提到的是这些。
44
It's November 30th, 1982.
今天是1982年11月30日。
45
Radio stations across America start playing a new album.
美国各地的广播电台开始播放一张新专辑。
46
Within weeks, it's everywhere.
几周之内，它就遍布各处了。
47
In cars, in living rooms, in every record store window in the country.
在汽车里，在客厅里，在全国每一家唱片店的橱窗里。
48
Thriller.
惊悚片
49
It's Michael's much anticipated album after the extraordinary success of Off the Wall.
这是《Off the Wall》大获成功后，迈克尔备受期待的专辑。
50
As we well know, it went on to become the highest selling album in the world
众所周知，这张专辑后来成为了全球销量最高的专辑。
51
and still is with over 70 million copies.
至今其销量仍超过7000万册。
52
But in late 1982, none of that was written yet.
但在1982年末，这一切都还未被书写下来。
53
What was already clear to anyone paying attention was that something had shifted.
任何稍加留意的人都早已清楚，有些事情已经发生了变化。
54
Michael Jackson wasn't just popular.
迈克尔·杰克逊不仅仅是受欢迎而已。
55
He was becoming something the music industry didn't quite have a word for yet.
他正逐渐成为音乐界当时还找不到合适词汇来定义的一类存在。
56
I made a deal with myself if I win one more award, which is this award, which is seven, which is a record, I would take off my glasses.
我跟自己约好了，如果再拿一个奖，也就是这个奖，凑够七个，破个纪录，我就把眼镜摘了。
57
Then this happened.
然后就发生了这件事。
58
Michael performed Billie Jean in front of a live audience and debuted his famous moonwalk.
迈克尔在现场观众面前表演了《Billie Jean》，并首次展示了他著名的太空步。
59
When it aired on NBC two months later, 47 million people watched it.
两个月后，该节目在NBC播出时，有4700万人观看。
60
The following morning, the show's director was at the White House filming an interview.
次日上午，该节目的导演正在白宫拍摄采访。
61
Every single person he passed from the elevator to the East Wing was talking about Michael.
从电梯到东翼，他遇到的每一个人都在谈论迈克尔。
62
His performance was even nominated for an Emmy.
他的表演甚至获得了艾美奖提名。
63
It was that groundbreaking.
它当时就是这么具有开创性。
64
Thriller already catapulted Michael into mega stardom, but the Motown performance sent his fame into the stratosphere.
《Thriller》已经让迈克尔一跃成为超级巨星，但那场在摩城唱片的演出更是将他的声望推上了顶峰。
65
The next day after the show, when Fred Astaire called my house, he said, I saw the show last night, I taped it, I watched it twice this morning, and he said, you were incredible, you're a hell of a mover.
演出结束后的第二天，弗雷德·阿斯泰尔打电话到我家，他说：“我昨晚看了演出，录了像，今天早上又看了两遍，你太不可思议了，你的动作简直绝了。”
66
And that was my reward because I think he's brilliant.
而那就是给我的奖励，因为我觉得他非常出色。
67
By the time the death settled, Michael Jackson was the most famous entertainer on the planet.
当他的死讯尘埃落定时，迈克尔·杰克逊已是全球最负盛名的艺人。
68
And this unprecedented fame is exactly what made this next decision possible.
而这份前所未有的名气，恰恰让接下来的这个决定成为了可能。
69
Michael wanted to do a solo tour for the Thriller album, his first one ever without his brothers.
迈克尔原本想为《Thriller》专辑举办一场个人巡演，这是他第一次不与兄弟们一起巡演。
70
But his family had other plans in mind.
但他的家人却另有打算。
71
For his father, Joe Jackson, this was a chance to capitalize on the success of Thriller and show the world that the Jackson Five were back,
对他的父亲乔·杰克逊来说，这是一个利用《Thriller》的成功向世界证明杰克逊五兄弟乐队强势回归的机会。
72
or rather that they had never left.
或者说，他们从未离开过。
73
It was to be called the Victory Tour.
这场巡演原定名为“胜利之旅”。
74
Michael didn't want to do the Victory Tour, but according to his biographer, J.
迈克尔原本不想举办胜利巡演，但据他的传记作者J.所说，
75
Randy Teraborelli, who spent 30 years documenting his life, it wasn't his father who changed his mind.
兰迪·特拉博雷利花了30年时间记录自己的生活，而改变他想法的人并不是他的父亲。
76
It was his mother, Catherine.
那是他的母亲凯瑟琳。
77
She appealed to him directly.
她直接向他提出了申诉。
78
The other brothers needed the money and Michael, by all accounts, couldn't say no to his mother.
其他兄弟都需要这笔钱，而且所有人都说迈克尔根本无法拒绝他的母亲。
79
So the victory tour was announced.
胜利巡演的消息已经公布了。
80
Don King, the famous American boxing promoter, was brought in as their tour promoter.
美国著名拳击推广人唐·金被聘为他们的巡回赛推广商。
81
To fund a tour of this scale, the Jacksons needed a corporate sponsor and they had one.
要为如此大规模的巡演筹集资金，杰克逊家族需要一家企业赞助商，而他们当时确实找到了一个。
82
Apples and cinnamon.
苹果和肉桂。
83
Apples and cinnamon.
苹果和肉桂。
84
Quaker Oats came to the table with a serious offer.
桂格燕麦提出了一份极具诚意的收购方案。
85
The Jacksons had pretty much all but finalized the deal.
杰克逊一家几乎已经敲定了这笔交易。
86
Then Don King showed up with a contract he'd already signed.
随后唐·金带着一份他已经签好字的合同出现了。
87
King had been in talks with Pepsi before the Jacksons officially hired him.
在杰克逊家族正式聘请金之前，他就已经在和百事公司进行洽谈了。
88
And before agreeing to any sponsorship deal, King signed with Pepsi on their behalf and presented it to the Jacksons as a done deal.
在敲定任何赞助协议之前，金就已经代表他们与百事可乐签了约，并把这份协议当作既成事实摆在了杰克逊家族面前。
89
The Pepsi deal was for a whopping $5 million, which at the time was the largest endorsement deal ever signed.
百事可乐的这笔代言合约高达500万美元，在当时是有史以来签署的金额最大的代言合同。
90
But the Quaker Oats deal, according to Michael's own lawyer, John Branca, was 40% more money,
但据迈克尔的代理律师约翰·布兰卡称，桂格燕麦公司的报价要高出40%。
91
40% more for a brand that Jacksons had actually chosen.
对于一个杰克逊一家真正心仪的品牌来说，价格要高出40%。
92
But it didn't matter.
但这已经不重要了。
93
King structured the Pepsi deal with an exclusivity clause, which meant the moment it was signed,
金在与百事的交易中加入了独家经营权条款，这意味着协议一经签署，
94
no competing sponsor could come in regardless of what they offered.
无论其他竞争赞助商开出什么条件，都无法介入。
95
The Jacksons didn't choose that clause or this deal.
杰克逊一家并没有选择那项条款，也没有选择这笔交易。
96
Michael didn't even drink Pepsi, but they were now bound by it.
迈克尔本来连百事可乐都不喝，可现在他俩却被这东西绑在了一起。
97
So they took the deal and broke off talks with Quaker.
于是他们接受了这份协议，终止了与Quaker的谈判。
98
Part of the arrangement was two TV commercials, but Michael had one condition.
这一合作安排的一部分是拍摄两支电视广告，但迈克尔提出了一个条件。
99
His face couldn't appear on screen for more than five seconds to avoid overexposing his image.
为了避免他的形象过度曝光，他的脸在屏幕上出现的时间不能超过五秒钟。
100
Watch the first commercial back.
回看第一条广告。
101
You can count the seconds.
你可以数秒。
102
The first commercial was straightforward.
第一条广告很直白。
103
The Jacksons come across a group of young kids who are their super fans.
杰克逊一家遇到了一群他们的超级粉丝，都是小孩子。
104
And the Michael of the group was none other than a young Alfonso Ribeiro, better known to most of you as Carlton Banks from The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air.
而组合里的迈克尔不是别人，正是年轻的阿方索·里贝罗，也就是大多数人更熟悉的《贝莱尔的新鲜王子》里的卡尔顿·班克斯。
105
That was the first commercial done and dusted.
那是第一条顺利完成的广告片。
106
The second one is where the story actually begins and the day that changed Michael Jackson forever.
第二件事才是故事真正的开端，也是彻底改变迈克尔·杰克逊一生的那一天。
107
3,000 screaming fans are packed into the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles for what was supposed to be a routine shoot.
三千名尖叫的粉丝挤满了洛杉矶圣殿礼堂，这里原本要进行一场常规拍摄。
108
This commercial featured a live performance of the Pepsi jingle to a remixed version of Billie Jean.
这支广告中搭配了混音版《Billie Jean》，现场演绎了百事可乐的广告歌。
109
Michael was to descend a lit staircase as pyrotechnics fired behind him,
迈克尔原本要走下亮着灯的楼梯，同时身后燃放烟火。
110
timed the music, and joined his brothers on stage to sing the jingle.
配合着音乐的节奏，他和兄弟们一起登上舞台唱起了那首广告歌。
111
They had already done five or six takes with absolutely no issues.
他们已经顺利拍了五六条，完全没出任何问题。
112
The crowd was electric, everything was going smoothly.
现场气氛热烈高涨，一切都进展得十分顺利。
113
Those who were there that day said the atmosphere was fantastic, and Michael was in a particularly good mood.
那天在场的人都说气氛非常好，迈克尔的心情也格外舒畅。
114
So what changed?
那到底发生了什么变化？
115
The director, Bob Giraldi, who also famously directed Beat It, asked Michael for one more take.
曾执导《Beat It》而闻名的导演鲍勃·吉拉尔迪要求迈克尔再拍一条。
116
But this time he wanted something slightly different.
但这一次，他想要的东西略有不同。
117
He told Michael, quote, you're going down too early.
他对迈克尔说：“你出局得太早了。”
118
We want to see you up there on the stairs.
我们想看到你站在楼梯上。
119
When the lights come on, we want to reveal that you're there.
当灯光亮起时，我们希望能展现出你就在那里。
120
And all the previous takes, you'll notice Michael does a quick signature pose at the top before bounding down the stairs to join his brothers.
在所有之前的拍摄片段中，你会注意到迈克尔在冲下楼梯和兄弟们会合之前，都会先在楼梯顶端快速摆一个标志性的姿势。
121
On this last take, Michael holds his pose at the top for a few seconds before going down the stairs, exactly as the director asked,
在最后一次拍摄中，迈克尔按照导演的要求，在楼梯顶端保持姿势几秒钟后才走下楼梯。
122
which meant he was still standing at the top of the stairs when the pyrotechnics fired.
这意味着当烟火点燃时，他还站在楼梯顶端。
123
Michael wrote about what happened next in his autobiography, Moonwalk.
迈克尔在他的自传《太空步》中记述了接下来发生的事。
124
The reason for the fire was stupidity, pure and simple, Only later did I find out that these bombs were only two feet away from either side of my head,
起火的原因纯粹就是愚蠢，再无其他。后来我才发现，那些炸弹当时距离我头部两侧只有两英尺远。
125
which was a total disregard of the safety regulations.
这完全是对安全规定的漠视。
126
The sparks set my hair on fire.
火星把我的头发点着了。
127
I was dancing down this ramp and turning around spinning, not knowing I was on fire.
我当时正沿着这条斜坡跳舞，转着圈，完全不知道自己身上着火了。
128
Suddenly, I felt my hands reflexively going to my head in an attempt to smother the flames.
突然，我下意识地伸手往头上捂，想把火扑灭。
129
I fell down and just tried to shake the flames out." End quote.
我摔倒了，当时只想把身上的火抖掉。”引述结束。
130
Michael didn't realize he was on fire for several seconds.
迈克尔有好几秒钟都没意识到自己身上着火了。
131
He started doing his famous spins in a desperate attempt to put the fire out.
他开始做他那著名的旋转动作，拼命想把火扑灭。
132
In the audience, the chaos was immediate.
观众席上顿时一片混乱。
133
Michael apparently called out for his brother Tito to help him, but his brothers who were watching from the stage process what they were seeing.
迈克尔显然曾大声呼喊他的哥哥蒂托来帮忙，但在台上观看的兄弟们一时都没反应过来到底发生了什么。
134
Their first thought was someone in the theater had shot Michael.
他们的第一反应是剧院里有人开枪打了迈克尔。
135
An assassination attempt.
一起暗杀企图。
136
The Pepsi executives retreated to a corner.
百事公司的高管们退到了一个角落。
137
They were in Michael's own words, quote, so scared they couldn't even bring themselves to check on me, end quote.
用迈克尔自己的话来说，他们当时吓得连过来看看我都不敢。
138
Nobody in that building understood they were actually watching the first domino fall in a chain
那栋楼里的人都没有意识到，他们当时正在目睹一连串事件中倒下的第一块多米诺骨牌。
139
that wouldn't finish for another 25 years.
那还要再过25年才能完工。
140
Michael was rushed to Brotman Medical center for second and third degree burns to his scalp.
迈克尔因头皮二度和三度烧伤被紧急送往布罗特曼医疗中心。
141
And everything that followed, the surgeries, the pain management, the medications, would not be over in weeks or months or even years.
而之后的一切，无论是手术、疼痛治疗还是药物服用，都不会在几周、几个月甚至几年内结束。
142
What the fire left behind was a palm-sized area of permanently destroyed hair follicles on his scalp.
火灾过后，他头皮上留下了一块手掌大小、毛囊永久受损的区域。
143
Hair follicles don't regenerate.
毛囊无法再生。
144
Once they're gone, they're gone.
一旦失去，就再也找不回来了。
145
Michael Jackson was only 25 years old, at the peak of his career,
迈克尔·杰克逊当时年仅25岁，正处于事业巅峰。
146
and one of the most photographed people on earth.
也是全世界被拍摄次数最多的人物之一。
147
The only surgical solution was to try to replace the scar tissue with healthy, hair-bearing scalp from the surrounding area.
唯一的手术治疗方案是尝试用周围区域健康的、有毛发的头皮替换疤痕组织。
148
But to do that, you first had to create enough excess scalp to work with.
但要做到这一点，首先得留出足够的多余头皮组织来进行手术操作。
149
And this is where some would argue things took a turn.
而正是在这一点上，有些人会认为事态发生了转折。
150
To rebuild Jackson's scalp, surgeons used a technique called tissue expansion.
为重建杰克逊的头皮，外科医生采用了一种名为组织扩张术的技术。
151
It uses a silicone balloon placed in a pocket under the
它采用了一个放置在下方袋中的硅胶球囊
152
healthy scalp near the injury with a tiny valve left just beneath the skin.
伤口附近的健康头皮下会留下一个微小的阀门，埋在皮肤表层之下。
153
Every week or so for two to three months, the surgeon will inject a small amount of saline directly into that valve.
在两到三个月的时间里，外科医生大约每周都会向那个瓣膜直接注射少量生理盐水。
154
In response, the balloon grows and the scalp skin stretches to make room.
作为响应，球囊会膨胀，头皮皮肤也会拉伸以腾出空间。
155
Under that time under tension, the skin cells begin dividing and creating new collagen from scratch.
在那种张力持续的作用下，皮肤细胞会开始分裂，并从头生成新的胶原蛋白。
156
So Michael's body was building a new scalp cell by cell.
所以迈克尔的身体正在一个细胞一个细胞地生成新的头皮组织。
157
And unlike a skin graft, the expanded scalp continues to grow real hair.
与植皮手术不同，扩张后的头皮可以继续生长真正的头发。
158
In theory, it was a brilliant solution.
从理论上讲，这是一个绝妙的解决方案。
159
But for Michael Jackson, it kept failing.
但对迈克尔·杰克逊来说，这件事一直未能如愿。
160
His own dermatologist, Dr. Arnold Klein, described exactly why in a 2009 interview on CNN's Larry King Live.
他的皮肤科医生阿诺德·克莱因博士在2009年CNN《拉里·金直播》的采访中详细说明了原因。
161
He used a great deal of what are called tissue expanders in his scalp, which are balloons that go up, blow up the scalp, and then what they do is they try to cut out the scar.
他在头皮上使用了大量所谓的组织扩张器，这是一种可以膨胀的球囊，会将头皮撑开，之后医生就会尝试切除疤痕。
162
But because he had lupus, what happened is every time they would do it, the bald spot would keep enlarging.
但因为他患有红斑狼疮，每次他们进行这种治疗时，斑秃的范围都会不断扩大。
163
So, I mean, he went through a lot of painful procedures with these tissue expanders until I put a stop to it.
我的意思是，在我叫停之前，他靠着这些组织扩张器经历了很多痛苦的治疗过程。
164
I said, no more tissue expanders, because he had to wear a hat all the time, and it was really painful for him.
我说过不要再用组织扩张器了，因为他得一直戴着头套，而且那对他来说真的很疼。
165
So what would his, without the hat, what would he look like?
那他不戴帽子的话会是什么样子？
166
He would have a big raised ball on the top of his head because of this device.
因为这个装置，他头顶上会鼓起一个很大的包。
167
We expand the tissue which you cut out.
我们会对您切除的组织进行扩增处理。
168
Michael Jackson was walking around with a growing mass under his scalp, managing it under hats and careful styling,
迈克尔·杰克逊头皮下长了一个不断增大的肿块，他一直靠戴帽子和精心打理发型来掩盖这个问题。
169
performing in front of sold out arenas,
在座无虚席的体育馆内演出
170
then returning to the surgeon's office every week or two for another needle in the valve for another increment of pressure.
之后每隔一两周就要回到外科医生的诊室，再往瓣膜里扎一针，进一步调高压力。
171
But with each procedure meant another round of pain.
但每一次治疗都意味着新一轮的疼痛。
172
Less than six months after the incident, Michael was back on stage for the sold-out victory tour in July 1984.
事件发生后不到六个月，迈克尔就于1984年7月重返舞台，开启了场场爆满的胜利巡演。
173
Despite the serious nature of the incident, the press reported it as a freak accident and was soon forgotten.
尽管这一事件性质严重，媒体却将其报道为一起离奇的意外事故，很快便被人们遗忘了。
174
But it wasn't that simple.
但事情并没有那么简单。
175
Michael was only meant to have one tissue expansion procedure, but because of his lupus, he underwent several.
迈克尔原本只需要接受一次组织扩张手术，但由于他患有狼疮，他接受了好几次手术。
176
According to those close to him, it caused him to be in excruciating pain.
据与他关系密切的人透露，这件事给他带来了难以忍受的剧痛。
177
And managing that escalating cycle of pain meant medication, strong medication, specifically a drug called Demerol.
要控制住这种不断加剧的疼痛，就必须使用药物，强效的药物，具体来说是一种叫做杜冷丁的药物。
178
Here's what people don't explain about Demerol
关于杜冷丁，人们没有说明的真相
179
and why it's used in this case is more disturbing the closer you look at it.
而深究之下，就会发现它在这种情况下被使用的原因愈发令人不安。
180
Demerol is not a long-term pain management drug.
德美罗不是一种用于长期疼痛管理的药物。
181
The clinical guidance is crystal clear.
这份临床指导意见非常明确。
182
It's only meant for short-term acute pain with treatment lasting no more than 48 hours.
它仅适用于短期急性疼痛，治疗持续时间不超过48小时。
183
Remember that for later.
把这事记下来，以后用得上。
184
And there's a good reason for this.
这其中有一个很充分的原因。
185
When the body metabolizes Demerol, a bioproduct called normoparidine is produced.
人体代谢地美罗时，会产生一种名为去甲哌替啶的生物产物。
186
This molecule builds up in the nervous system over time and becomes neurotoxic and is capable of triggering tremors and seizures.
这种分子会随着时间在神经系统中累积，产生神经毒性，并可能引发震颤和癫痫发作。
187
Now get this,
你听我说，
188
burn patients are specifically named in the clinical literature as a group requiring extra caution with this drug
临床文献中特别指出，烧伤患者是使用该药物时需格外谨慎的一类人群。
189
because they are already at increased risk for this toxicity.
因为他们发生这种毒性反应的风险本就更高。
190
In other words, Demerol, the drug prescribed to manage his burn pain was,
换句话说，为控制他烧伤疼痛而开的药物杜冷丁，当时是
191
in his specific situation, one of the most dangerous choices available.
在他的具体处境下，这是他所能做出的最危险的选择之一。
192
If you've never heard of Demerol, there's a reason.
如果你从未听说过杜冷丁，那是有原因的。
193
Its use in the US dropped by 97% between 2001 and 2021 because doctors stopped prescribing it due to its toxicity.
由于其毒性，医生不再开具该药物，2001年至2021年间，它在美国的使用量下降了97%。
194
And eventually Pfizer discontinued it.
最终辉瑞公司停止了该产品的生产。
195
Nine years after the fire in 1993, Michael Jackson was still in pain and still undergoing scalp procedures.
1993年的那场火灾过去九年后，迈克尔·杰克逊仍饱受疼痛折磨，还在接受头皮相关治疗。
196
By November of that year, he announced the cancellation of the second leg of his dangerous world tour.
同年11月，他宣布取消其备受争议的世界巡演的第二站行程。
197
When he did, he issued a public statement.
他随后发表了一份公开声明。
198
In the statement, he said the following.
他在声明中表示如下。
199
You're undergoing treatment for a dependency on pain medication.
你正在接受止痛药依赖的治疗。
200
This medication was initially prescribed to see the excruciating pain that I was suffering after recent reconstructive surgery on my scalp.
这种药物最初是为了缓解我最近头皮重建手术后所遭受的剧烈疼痛而开的。
201
Michael drew the line himself from the fire to the dependency in his own words.
迈克尔亲口把火灾和那栋附属建筑之间的关联划清了界限。
202
But the dead world didn't stop in 1993.
但这个死寂的世界并没有在1993年停下脚步。
203
According to medical records introduced at the wrongful death trial, Jackson visited his dermatologist, Dr. Arnold Klein,
根据过失致死案庭审中出示的医疗记录，杰克逊曾就诊于他的皮肤科医生阿诺德·克莱因，
204
24 times in the final three months of his life,
在他生命的最后三个月里，这样的情况发生了24次。
205
receiving a total of 6,500 milligrams of Demerol during those visits.
在这些就诊期间，他总共接受了6500毫克的地美罗注射。
206
To put that in context, the recommended dose is 50 to 100 milligrams every few hours.
具体来说，推荐剂量为每几小时服用50至100毫克。
207
So Michael was receiving nearly three times that per visit.
所以迈克尔每次就诊的收入几乎是这个数的三倍。
208
And remember, Demerol is not supposed to be used for more than 48 hours,
请记住，杜冷丁的使用时间不应超过48小时，
209
but Michael had been using it for 25 years.
但迈克尔已经用了它25年了。
210
Now here's the question this raises.
这就引出了一个问题。
211
If he was allegedly dependent on Demerol, how did he die from propofol?
如果据称他依赖杜冷丁，那他怎么会死于丙泊酚呢？
212
When you're chronically taking an opioid, you'll get withdrawal symptoms and it can happen fast.
长期服用阿片类药物时，会出现戒断症状，而且发作速度可能很快。
213
I'm talking within six to 12 hours of your last dose.
我指的是你上次服药后的六到十二小时内。
214
And one of the major withdrawal symptoms of Demerol is insomnia.
杜冷丁的主要戒断症状之一是失眠。
215
Expert witness Dr. Robert Waldman testified that Jackson was attempting to treat his insomnia with propofol.
专家证人罗伯特·瓦尔德曼博士作证称，杰克逊当时正尝试用丙泊酚治疗自己的失眠症。
216
That is the link between Pepsi and propofol.
这就是百事可乐与丙泊酚之间的关联。
217
The drug prescribed for his burn became the reason he was using an operating room anesthetic in his bedroom.
医生为他的烧伤开的药，后来竟成了他在卧室里使用手术室麻醉剂的原因。
218
Until June 2009, most people outside medicine had never even heard of propofol.
在2009年6月之前，医学界以外的大多数人甚至从未听说过丙泊酚。
219
There's a reason for that.
这是有原因的。
220
It's not supposed to leave the operating room.
它本不该被带出手术室的。
221
Michael had a private name for it.
迈克尔给它起了个只有自己知道的名字。
222
He called it his milk because of how it looked.
他因为它的样子，把它叫做自己的牛奶。
223
If you've ever had general anesthesia, there is a high chance propofol was part of your anesthesia cocktail to put you under.
如果你曾经接受过全身麻醉，那么丙泊酚很可能是让你进入麻醉状态的麻醉药剂中的一种。
224
Its specific job is to rapidly and reliably make you unconscious within seconds of injection.
它的具体作用是在注射后数秒内迅速且可靠地使你失去意识。
225
It works remarkably well in the right setting.
在合适的环境下，它的效果非常出色。
226
When paramedics rushed into Michael's bedroom, it was in various states of disarray, but that wasn't what drew their attention.
当医护人员冲进迈克尔的卧室时，房间里一片狼藉，但这并没有引起他们的注意。
227
It was all the pill bottles and IV bags and stands.
到处都是药瓶、输液袋和输液架。
228
He practically had a makeshift hospital in his room.
他的房间里简直就像有个临时医院一样。
229
From his autopsy report, Michael had the following medications in his system at the time of his death.
根据尸检报告，迈克尔去世时体内有以下药物。
230
Lorazepam, midazolam, diazepam, three benzodiazepines, which is a class of drugs used for anxiety,
劳拉西泮、咪达唑仑、地西泮这三种苯二氮䓬类药物，是用于治疗焦虑症的一类药物。
231
insomnia, and seizures, lidocaine, a local anesthetic, and then the one that changed everything, propofol.
失眠、癫痫发作、局部麻醉剂利多卡因，以及后来彻底改变了一切的丙泊酚。
232
We know Michael was attempting to use propofol to help him sleep, but that's not what it does because sleep isn't passive.
我们知道迈克尔当时试图用丙泊酚来帮助自己入睡，但丙泊酚并没有助眠的作用，因为睡眠并不是一个被动的过程。
233
Every night, your brain runs something called the glymphatic system, discovered only in 2012 by neuroscientist Mike Nedergaard at the University of Rochester.
每晚，你的大脑都会运作一种名为类淋巴系统的机制，该系统于2012年由罗切斯特大学的神经科学家迈克·内德高发现。
234
It uses cerebral spinal fluid to flush out toxic byproducts that build up in the brain during the day.
它利用脑脊液清除白天在大脑中积累的有毒代谢副产物。
235
This system is 10 times more active during deep sleep than when you're awake.
该系统在深度睡眠期间的活跃程度是清醒时的十倍。
236
Nadergaard described it perfectly.
237
Quote, you can think of it like having a house party.
238
You can either entertain the guests or clean up the house, but you can't really do both at the same time.
239
One study found it can take up to four days of proper rest to recover from a single hour of lost sleep.
240
And Michael's sleep was already severely disrupted from the Demerol.
241
Opioids are documented to suppress REM and slow-wave sleep, which are the exact stages the glymphatic system needs to do its work.
242
Then the drug changed from something that disrupted sleep to replacing it entirely with something that wasn't sleep at all.
243
An anesthesiologist who testified at the wrongful death trial stated directly,
244
proper REM or non-REM sleep is not possible under propofol sedation.
245
What propofol does is produce a pharmacologically induced loss of consciousness.
246
When Michael woke up each morning, he felt rested, but that was just a dopamine release upon waking
247
that had nothing to do with whether his body had actually recovered.
248
He felt fine, but he was not fine.
249
And he had no way to know the difference.
250
This Is It is three weeks away.
251
50 shows.
252
It's the most anticipated comeback in pop history.
253
And the man at the center of it hasn't had a real night's sleep in years.
254
This is it.
255
I I mean, this is really it.
256
This is the final curtain call.
257
And the night of June 24, 2009, was no different.
258
His personal doctor, Conrad Murray, tries Valium first.
259
Jackson is still awake.
260
He tries lorazepam, still awake.
261
He tries midazolam.
262
Hours pass, still awake.
263
According to trial testimony, Jackson told Murray he needed to sleep, that he couldn't function, that he might have to cancel the concerts,
264
that he just needed it to stop.
265
Murray held out through the night.
266
Then at approximately 10.40 in the morning, after hours of failed alternatives, he gave in and administered the propofol.
267
Jackson lost consciousness almost immediately.
268
And then Conrad Murray left the room.
269
Murray was a cardiologist, not an anesthesiologist.
270
Propofol requires constant monitoring of breathing and heart function.
271
And for that reason must only be administered in a hospital or clinical setting with a trained specialist present throughout.
272
Dr. Linda Aglio, associate professor of anesthesiology at Harvard Medical School, was asked about propofol's requirements after Jackson's death.
273
She was direct, I won't leave a patient unattended for a second.
274
I was surprised that any doctor taking care of him would leave him alone.
275
End quote.
276
So not only did Murray administer a medication he was not authorized to use in an unauthorized setting,
277
he left Michael alone afterwards.
278
When Murray returned to the room, Michael Jackson had stopped breathing.
279
The worst part about this entire incident is that expert testimony established it was entirely preventable.
280
If Murray had simply stayed, noticed Jackson slowed breathing, and used a basic bag mask to ventilate his lungs,
281
Michael Jackson would likely have survived that night.
282
But Murray didn't have one.
283
He wasn't there.
284
And Michael didn't survive.
285
Before Michael hired Murray, he asked three other doctors for propofol.
286
All three refused on safety grounds.
287
It was Conrad Murray's gross negligence.
288
It was Conrad Murray's unskilled hands
289
and his desire to obtain this lucrative contract of $150,000 a month that led Dr. Murray not only to abandon his patient,
290
but to abandon all principles of medical care.
291
So I think the problem was that relying on medications to actually have a normal life, then what is the new normal, right?
292
Because I know I can take something to get out of bed every day and be able to have a normal life.
293
Then I want a medication because I have trouble sleeping.
294
and maybe the trouble sleeping is because over activation during the day
295
but you have to be careful when you're combining this together
296
because otherwise you become dependent on everything
297
and you're not able to have a normal life unless you get a pharmacological help
298
and that's really dangerous
299
and i think that's what happened you were taking something to have regular day
300
that was affecting the way you were sleeping at night
301
because you know maybe it was over activating
302
and then you have to take something else to fall asleep right
303
and then you couldn't get up of bed
304
because you know proper will make you you know i mean i've taken proper for
305
when you know you have a procedure in the hospital a minor they give you proper fall
306
but you know you actually it's like you're taking a nap you go to sleep
307
and then you wake up an hour later that's it
308
but if you are taking it to basically sleep through the night you can imagine how much you are taking
309
so i think it was a problem with it was not just i don't know
310
if it was synergy between everything because I'm not, I don't have the data and I can't say that, but it was the dependency.
311
It's been 17 years since Michael Jackson died and yet here we are still talking about it.
312
Why?
313
Because when someone that extraordinary dies in such an ordinary way, we can't accept it.
314
The manner of death must match the magnitude of the person.
315
So we reach for something larger like conspiracies, cover-ups, anything that feels proportionate to the loss.
316
But the truth doesn't need to be conspiratorial to be devastating.
317
It just needs to be told.
318
Here's the detail that has stayed with me since we started working on this.
319
The Pepsi incident was the exact midpoint of Michael Jackson's life.
320
He died on June 25th, 2009.
321
The Pepsi fire happened on January 27th, 1984.
322
He lived 25 years, four months and 29 days before the fire and 25 years,
323
four months and 29 days after it.
324
One day separates the two halves of his life.
325
That fire in so many ways was the turning point that changed the entire trajectory.
326
Michael Jackson survived burns, reconstructive surgeries, lupus, vitiligo, opioid dependency, rehab,
327
a criminal trial, and two decades of chronic pain that never fully went away.
328
He received $1.5 million from Pepsi as part of the financial settlement from the accident.
329
Michael donated all of it, every dollar, to the burn unit at the hospital that treated him.
330
Which went on to treat children who couldn't afford care?
331
He was by any clinical measure a patient failed by a system
332
that had no way of telling the most famous person on Earth
333
that what he was asking for was going to kill him
334
Those 15 seconds on that soundstage didn't kill Michael Jackson
335
The 25 years of what followed did
336
if you want to make the world a better place Take a look at yourself and then make a change Thank you.
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本片段的口语练习目标
这段视频非常适合提升英语影子跟读的流畅度，尤其是处理长句和快速信息传递的能力。你将学会如何在保持语速的同时，清晰传达复杂事件（如迈克·杰克逊去世的背景），轻松突破“说得慢且断续”的瓶颈，实现口语表达的自然连贯。
实用短语库
- cardiac arrest（心脏骤停）
- page views（页面浏览量）
- editing war（编辑大战）
- seminal moment（重要时刻）
- chain reaction（连锁反应）
- grossing musical biopic（票房最高的音乐传记片）
这些短语覆盖新闻报道、文化分析等场景，是英语口语练习的高频素材，记住就能立刻用在日常交流或演讲中。
攻克你的薄弱点
视频中大量使用“主谓宾”结构的长句（如“So many people searched... that they thought...”），其节奏和重音是练习重点。通过shadowspeak（影子跟读），你能精准把握英语句子的“轻重缓急”——比如在“the internet began to break”中，“break”需要重读以突出紧迫感。此外，数字和时间表达（如“2.3 million page views”“3.15 p.m.”）的发音也常被忽略，跟着视频反复模仿，能彻底解决“数字说不清楚”的问题。找一个专业的shadowing site，每天花10分钟跟读，不出一周就能明显感受到进步！
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | being reported · has been rushed · been told |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | has been rushed · We've also been told · you've never heard |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | award, which is · kids who are · Those who were |
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。