跟读练习: What Happens When You Die? - 通过视频学习英语口语

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What happens when you finally kick the bucket, so to speak?

Despite our mostly science -grounded views on death these days, it seems many of us believe in life after it.

In 2014, UK citizens were polled by the Telegraph, and just under 60 % of respondents said they believe some part of us lives on.

In the US, still a very Christian nation, Pew Research in 2015 asked people what happened after you die.

The survey found that 72 % of Americans believed you go to heaven,

which was described as a place where people who have led good lives are eternally rewarded.

54 % of U .S adults replied that they believed in hell,

which was described as a place where people who have led bad lives and die without being sorry are eternally punished.

With that in mind, welcome to this episode of the Infographics Show, What Happens When You Die?

Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button so that you can be part of our notification squad.

It seems a lot of people do believe that after death we might be ensconced in some cloud -strewn paradise,

or conversely, if we haven't adhered to the ethics prescribed to us by our chosen religion or denomination of that religion,

we might be faced with eternal hellfire

and the prospect of groveling to a bearded red man who hardly ever puts down his pitchfork.

But let's start with some empirical realism and what actually happens to the body when we die.

Physicians know you're dead because the heart stops beating and there is no longer any electrical activity in your brain.

Brain death equals dead, although machines can keep you going a little bit longer.

You can also have what's called a cardiac death, which means the heart stops beating and blood no longer flows through your body.

The strange, even wonderful thing is, people that have suffered cardiac death

but have been brought back to life have said they were aware of what was going on around them.

Others have talked about walking towards a light in such a near -death experience.

You can be brought back from what we call clinical death, but you only have a grace period of about 4 -6 minutes.

But let's say you get to the light and pass through.

This is what we call biological death.

Game over, the final whistle, dead as a dodo.

This is where it gets kind of undignified, but what do you care, you're dead.

Once you're definitely no longer with us, your muscles relax, and this means your sphincter will too,

meaning that triple whopper and large fries you had for lunch will spill out of you.

The gas you have in you may also leak out and cause a stink.

The same goes for the pee you've got in your bladder.

So dying, not surprisingly, is a bit of a messy affair.

And men, you might even ejaculate.

As for women, you may give birth after you have died if you were pregnant, which is something called coffin birth.

It doesn't happen often, though.

Instead of pushing, it's the gases in the abdomen that squeeze the newborn into the world.

As the body gets rid of what is trapped inside, noises may be emitted from your mouth as air escapes.

Nurses and people working close to dead bodies have regularly reported hearing very alive -sounding moans and groans coming from dead bodies.

You may twitch, but this doesn't mean there is life in you, these are just muscle contractions.

You could also soon get an erection if you died lying on your stomach and the blood flowed down there.

All your blood will pool to a certain area of your body.

This is called liver mortis, and it's the reason parts of you will have that dark purple color you have seen on TV.

These are the lovely things that can happen quite shortly after you go.

With no blood flowing through your body, it will begin to cool down, known as algor mortis, or simply death chill.

It will keep cooling until it is the same temperature as your surroundings, you will become stiff within about 2 -6 hours,

and this we call rigor mortis.

This is because calcium is getting into your muscle cells,

cells break down without blood flow and this leads to bacteria growth and that's why you start to decompose.

You may look like your hair or your nails have grown, but that isn't the case.

What is happening is that your skin is receding, giving the impression of growth.

The skin will loosen too, and blisters will appear on the body.

The next stage is putrefaction, when bacteria and microorganisms start feasting on you.

You'll soon start to stink as bad as anything you could have imagined while you were alive.

One person described the smell as rotten eggs, feces, and a used toilet left out for a month, times 1000.

It is unholy.

Soon everything that is soft becomes liquefied, with things like bones, cartilage, and hair remaining strong.

You're already well on your way to decomposing by the time you are being put in the ground, ground, but if embalmed and buried,

decomposition could be a slow process.

Left above ground, you'll be a liquefied mess within about a month, feasted on by insects, maggots, plants and animals.

Underground, some experts say it might take 8 -12 years before you are reduced to nothing but a skeleton.

After around 50 years, even your bones will become part of the earth.

We should add the rate of decomposition depends on all manner of factors, too many to list here, but we think you get the picture.

While some people report that their near -death experience was a scene to behold, that's That's not always the case.

One person writing on Reddit said his experience was as follows, it was just black emptiness, no thoughts, no consciousness, nothing.

Is there really something else?

French philosopher René Descartes believed the soul was separate from the body, as many religions will tell you, and perhaps when we die, something lingers on.

Friedrich Nietzsche talked about the concept of eternal recurrence,

or eternal return, meaning all existence or energy in the universe has forever and will forever keep repeating itself ad infinitum.

You live the same life again and again forever.

Now doesn't that make you want to live well?

Here we can make similarities to the Buddhist belief of the Wheel of Samsara wherein all souls

or lives will begin a cycle again after death, except not the same exact life,

something we call reincarnation, which some people say is connected to what we sometimes call deja vu.

Buddhists believe we can end this vicious cycle if we can become truly enlightened, therefore achieving nirvana.

Or do we make our way to heaven after our bodies stop working,

tipping our cap to St. Peter at the pearly gates hoping he won't deny us entrance for stealing

that candy bar when we went on a school trip to Niagara Falls.

Will we be taken into paradise, a place replete with excellent foods and gorgeous maidens that make your dead knees go weak?

Or will we simply seed the earth, our souls nothing more than a worldly fancy

that took our minds off our cosmic insignificance and the feeling of futility that we sometimes experience here on Terra Firma?

While this video was pretty grim, let's for a second step away and think about your life now and how you can make it better.

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“What Happens When You Die?”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：die, dead, blood, happen。这段视频共有 69 个句子、1374 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 6:16。说话人语速较快，每分钟约 219 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
muscle 名词	/ˈmʌs.əl/	肌肉, 筋肉
eternal 形容词	/ɪˈtɝ.nl̩/	永恆 /永恒, 永遠 /永远
bone 名词	/boʊn/	гўдў, гўдўзы
paradise 名词	/ˈpæɹədaɪs/	天堂, 樂園 /乐园
subscribe 动词	/səbˈskɹaɪb/	簽署 /签署
feast 名词	/ˈfiːst/	盛宴, 筵席
belief 名词	/bɪˈliːf/	相信, 信心
cloud 名词	/ˈklaʊ̯d/	йүн, 雲 /云
egg 名词	/ɛɡ/	卵, 卵子
suffer 动词	/ˈsʌfɚ/	受苦, 遭受
stomach 名词	/ˈstʌmək/	дўзы, 胃
steal 动词	/stiːl/	偷, 盜 /盗
nurse 名词	/nɝs/	護士 /护士, 看護 /看护
entrance 名词	/ˈɛn.tɹəns/	入口, 門口 /门口
connect 动词	/kəˈnɛkt/	連接 /连接

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	发音	释义
break down 动词		壞了 /坏了, 出故障
check out 动词		退房
cool down 动词	/kuːl ˈdaʊn/	冷卻 /冷却
figure out 动词		弄清楚
put down 动词		放下

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	were polled · was described · might be ensconced
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事	have led · haven't adhered · have suffered
定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物	people who have · man who hardly · death, which means

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 17 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, doesn't, you're。请按听到的简短形式来说。

“sh” 和 “zh” 音: shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, physician /fəˈzɪʃən/, consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/
长单词——注意重音位置: electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/, realism /ˈɹi.əlɪzəm/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

/v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: vicious /ˈvɪʃəs/, conversely /kənˈvɝsli/, grovel /ˈɡrɒvəl/, livor /ˈlaɪvɔəɹ/, nirvana /nɪɹˈvɑ.nə/
词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: paradise /ˈpæɹədaɪs/, subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/, feast /ˈfiːst/, cardiac /ˈkɑɹdiˌæk/, belief /bɪˈliːf/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, triple /ˈtɹɪp.əl/, relax /ɹɪˈlæks/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 muscle, eternal, bone 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: What Happens When You Die? - 通过视频学习英语口语

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