تدريب Shadowing: What Happens When You Die? - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
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What happens when you finally kick the bucket, so to speak?
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Despite our mostly science -grounded views on death these days, it seems many of us believe in life after it.
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In 2014, UK citizens were polled by the Telegraph, and just under 60 % of respondents said they believe some part of us lives on.
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In the US, still a very Christian nation, Pew Research in 2015 asked people what happened after you die.
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The survey found that 72 % of Americans believed you go to heaven,
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which was described as a place where people who have led good lives are eternally rewarded.
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54 % of U .S adults replied that they believed in hell,
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which was described as a place where people who have led bad lives and die without being sorry are eternally punished.
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With that in mind, welcome to this episode of the Infographics Show, What Happens When You Die?
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Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button so that you can be part of our notification squad.
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It seems a lot of people do believe that after death we might be ensconced in some cloud -strewn paradise,
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or conversely, if we haven't adhered to the ethics prescribed to us by our chosen religion or denomination of that religion,
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we might be faced with eternal hellfire
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and the prospect of groveling to a bearded red man who hardly ever puts down his pitchfork.
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But let's start with some empirical realism and what actually happens to the body when we die.
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Physicians know you're dead because the heart stops beating and there is no longer any electrical activity in your brain.
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Brain death equals dead, although machines can keep you going a little bit longer.
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You can also have what's called a cardiac death, which means the heart stops beating and blood no longer flows through your body.
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The strange, even wonderful thing is, people that have suffered cardiac death
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but have been brought back to life have said they were aware of what was going on around them.
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Others have talked about walking towards a light in such a near -death experience.
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You can be brought back from what we call clinical death, but you only have a grace period of about 4 -6 minutes.
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But let's say you get to the light and pass through.
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This is what we call biological death.
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Game over, the final whistle, dead as a dodo.
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This is where it gets kind of undignified, but what do you care, you're dead.
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Once you're definitely no longer with us, your muscles relax, and this means your sphincter will too,
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meaning that triple whopper and large fries you had for lunch will spill out of you.
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The gas you have in you may also leak out and cause a stink.
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The same goes for the pee you've got in your bladder.
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So dying, not surprisingly, is a bit of a messy affair.
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And men, you might even ejaculate.
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As for women, you may give birth after you have died if you were pregnant, which is something called coffin birth.
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It doesn't happen often, though.
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Instead of pushing, it's the gases in the abdomen that squeeze the newborn into the world.
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As the body gets rid of what is trapped inside, noises may be emitted from your mouth as air escapes.
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Nurses and people working close to dead bodies have regularly reported hearing very alive -sounding moans and groans coming from dead bodies.
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You may twitch, but this doesn't mean there is life in you, these are just muscle contractions.
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You could also soon get an erection if you died lying on your stomach and the blood flowed down there.
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All your blood will pool to a certain area of your body.
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This is called liver mortis, and it's the reason parts of you will have that dark purple color you have seen on TV.
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These are the lovely things that can happen quite shortly after you go.
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With no blood flowing through your body, it will begin to cool down, known as algor mortis, or simply death chill.
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It will keep cooling until it is the same temperature as your surroundings, you will become stiff within about 2 -6 hours,
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and this we call rigor mortis.
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This is because calcium is getting into your muscle cells,
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cells break down without blood flow and this leads to bacteria growth and that's why you start to decompose.
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You may look like your hair or your nails have grown, but that isn't the case.
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What is happening is that your skin is receding, giving the impression of growth.
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The skin will loosen too, and blisters will appear on the body.
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The next stage is putrefaction, when bacteria and microorganisms start feasting on you.
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You'll soon start to stink as bad as anything you could have imagined while you were alive.
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One person described the smell as rotten eggs, feces, and a used toilet left out for a month, times 1000.
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It is unholy.
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Soon everything that is soft becomes liquefied, with things like bones, cartilage, and hair remaining strong.
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You're already well on your way to decomposing by the time you are being put in the ground, ground, but if embalmed and buried,
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decomposition could be a slow process.
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Left above ground, you'll be a liquefied mess within about a month, feasted on by insects, maggots, plants and animals.
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Underground, some experts say it might take 8 -12 years before you are reduced to nothing but a skeleton.
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After around 50 years, even your bones will become part of the earth.
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We should add the rate of decomposition depends on all manner of factors, too many to list here, but we think you get the picture.
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While some people report that their near -death experience was a scene to behold, that's That's not always the case.
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One person writing on Reddit said his experience was as follows, it was just black emptiness, no thoughts, no consciousness, nothing.
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Is there really something else?
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French philosopher René Descartes believed the soul was separate from the body, as many religions will tell you, and perhaps when we die, something lingers on.
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Friedrich Nietzsche talked about the concept of eternal recurrence,
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or eternal return, meaning all existence or energy in the universe has forever and will forever keep repeating itself ad infinitum.
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You live the same life again and again forever.
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Now doesn't that make you want to live well?
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Here we can make similarities to the Buddhist belief of the Wheel of Samsara wherein all souls
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or lives will begin a cycle again after death, except not the same exact life,
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something we call reincarnation, which some people say is connected to what we sometimes call deja vu.
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Buddhists believe we can end this vicious cycle if we can become truly enlightened, therefore achieving nirvana.
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Or do we make our way to heaven after our bodies stop working,
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tipping our cap to St. Peter at the pearly gates hoping he won't deny us entrance for stealing
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that candy bar when we went on a school trip to Niagara Falls.
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Will we be taken into paradise, a place replete with excellent foods and gorgeous maidens that make your dead knees go weak?
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Or will we simply seed the earth, our souls nothing more than a worldly fancy
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that took our minds off our cosmic insignificance and the feeling of futility that we sometimes experience here on Terra Firma?
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While this video was pretty grim, let's for a second step away and think about your life now and how you can make it better.
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If you are one of the many living people who are running a business or thinking of starting one, you probably need a website.
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But since we all have limited time on earth,
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We share that mentality, and that's why we love using Squarespace.
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Squarespace has a huge library of beautiful designer templates so that you can be up and running within minutes.
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تنزيل التطبيق
كل ما تحتاجه للتحدث بطلاقة
تقييم النطق بالذكاء الاصطناعيتقييم كل جملة
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
هذا الدرس في المحادثة مبني على الفيديو “What Happens When You Die?”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: die, dead, blood, happen. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 69 جملة و1374 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 6:16. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة، نحو 219 كلمة في الدقيقة، لذا ستسمع كثيرًا من وصل الكلمات واختزال الأصوات. 83% من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، ويُستحسن مراجعة الباقي قبل البدء.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
15 كلمة من الفيديو تستحق التعلّم، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| muscle اسم | /ˈmʌs.əl/ | عَضَلَة |
| eternal صفة | /ɪˈtɝ.nl̩/ | أَبَدِيّ |
| bone اسم | /boʊn/ | عَظْم, عضم |
| paradise اسم | /ˈpæɹədaɪs/ | جَنَّة, سَمَاوَات |
| subscribe فعل | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | اِشْتَرَكَ |
| feast اسم | /ˈfiːst/ | وَلِيمَة, مَأْدُبَة |
| cardiac صفة | /ˈkɑɹdiˌæk/ | قَلْبِيّ |
| belief اسم | /bɪˈliːf/ | اِعْتِقَاد |
| cloud اسم | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | سَحَاب, غَيْم |
| egg اسم | /ɛɡ/ | بَيْض, بَيْضَة |
| suffer فعل | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | تَأَلَّمَ, عَانَى |
| stomach اسم | /ˈstʌmək/ | مَعِدَة, مِعْدَة |
| steal فعل | /stiːl/ | سَرَقَ |
| nurse اسم | /nɝs/ | مُمَرِّض, مُمَرِّضَة |
| entrance اسم | /ˈɛn.tɹəns/ | دُخُول |
الأفعال المركبة التي ستسمعها
| الكلمة | المعنى |
|---|---|
| pass through فعل | اِخْتَرَقَ, نَفَذَ |
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | were polled · was described · might be ensconced |
| المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآن | have led · haven't adhered · have suffered |
| جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء | people who have · man who hardly · death, which means |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 17 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل don't, doesn't, you're. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, physician /fəˈzɪʃən/, consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/, realism /ˈɹi.əlɪzəm/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: paradise /ˈpæɹədaɪs/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, poll /poʊl/, trap /tɹæp/, purple /ˈpɝ.pl̩/
- /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: vicious /ˈvɪʃəs/, conversely /kənˈvɝsli/, grovel /ˈɡrɒvəl/, livor /ˈlaɪvɔəɹ/, nirvana /nɪɹˈvɑ.nə/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/, feast /ˈfiːst/, shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, cloud /ˈklaʊ̯d/, electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل muscle, eternal, bone.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.