Prática de Shadowing: What Happens When You Die? - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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What happens when you finally kick the bucket, so to speak?
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Despite our mostly science -grounded views on death these days, it seems many of us believe in life after it.
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In 2014, UK citizens were polled by the Telegraph, and just under 60 % of respondents said they believe some part of us lives on.
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In the US, still a very Christian nation, Pew Research in 2015 asked people what happened after you die.
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The survey found that 72 % of Americans believed you go to heaven,
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which was described as a place where people who have led good lives are eternally rewarded.
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54 % of U .S adults replied that they believed in hell,
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which was described as a place where people who have led bad lives and die without being sorry are eternally punished.
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With that in mind, welcome to this episode of the Infographics Show, What Happens When You Die?
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Don't forget to subscribe and click the bell button so that you can be part of our notification squad.
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It seems a lot of people do believe that after death we might be ensconced in some cloud -strewn paradise,
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or conversely, if we haven't adhered to the ethics prescribed to us by our chosen religion or denomination of that religion,
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we might be faced with eternal hellfire
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and the prospect of groveling to a bearded red man who hardly ever puts down his pitchfork.
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But let's start with some empirical realism and what actually happens to the body when we die.
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Physicians know you're dead because the heart stops beating and there is no longer any electrical activity in your brain.
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Brain death equals dead, although machines can keep you going a little bit longer.
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You can also have what's called a cardiac death, which means the heart stops beating and blood no longer flows through your body.
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The strange, even wonderful thing is, people that have suffered cardiac death
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but have been brought back to life have said they were aware of what was going on around them.
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Others have talked about walking towards a light in such a near -death experience.
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You can be brought back from what we call clinical death, but you only have a grace period of about 4 -6 minutes.
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But let's say you get to the light and pass through.
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This is what we call biological death.
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Game over, the final whistle, dead as a dodo.
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This is where it gets kind of undignified, but what do you care, you're dead.
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Once you're definitely no longer with us, your muscles relax, and this means your sphincter will too,
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meaning that triple whopper and large fries you had for lunch will spill out of you.
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The gas you have in you may also leak out and cause a stink.
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The same goes for the pee you've got in your bladder.
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So dying, not surprisingly, is a bit of a messy affair.
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And men, you might even ejaculate.
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As for women, you may give birth after you have died if you were pregnant, which is something called coffin birth.
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It doesn't happen often, though.
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Instead of pushing, it's the gases in the abdomen that squeeze the newborn into the world.
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As the body gets rid of what is trapped inside, noises may be emitted from your mouth as air escapes.
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Nurses and people working close to dead bodies have regularly reported hearing very alive -sounding moans and groans coming from dead bodies.
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You may twitch, but this doesn't mean there is life in you, these are just muscle contractions.
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You could also soon get an erection if you died lying on your stomach and the blood flowed down there.
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All your blood will pool to a certain area of your body.
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This is called liver mortis, and it's the reason parts of you will have that dark purple color you have seen on TV.
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These are the lovely things that can happen quite shortly after you go.
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With no blood flowing through your body, it will begin to cool down, known as algor mortis, or simply death chill.
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It will keep cooling until it is the same temperature as your surroundings, you will become stiff within about 2 -6 hours,
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and this we call rigor mortis.
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This is because calcium is getting into your muscle cells,
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cells break down without blood flow and this leads to bacteria growth and that's why you start to decompose.
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You may look like your hair or your nails have grown, but that isn't the case.
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What is happening is that your skin is receding, giving the impression of growth.
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The skin will loosen too, and blisters will appear on the body.
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The next stage is putrefaction, when bacteria and microorganisms start feasting on you.
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You'll soon start to stink as bad as anything you could have imagined while you were alive.
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One person described the smell as rotten eggs, feces, and a used toilet left out for a month, times 1000.
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It is unholy.
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Soon everything that is soft becomes liquefied, with things like bones, cartilage, and hair remaining strong.
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You're already well on your way to decomposing by the time you are being put in the ground, ground, but if embalmed and buried,
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decomposition could be a slow process.
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Left above ground, you'll be a liquefied mess within about a month, feasted on by insects, maggots, plants and animals.
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Underground, some experts say it might take 8 -12 years before you are reduced to nothing but a skeleton.
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After around 50 years, even your bones will become part of the earth.
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We should add the rate of decomposition depends on all manner of factors, too many to list here, but we think you get the picture.
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While some people report that their near -death experience was a scene to behold, that's That's not always the case.
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One person writing on Reddit said his experience was as follows, it was just black emptiness, no thoughts, no consciousness, nothing.
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Is there really something else?
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French philosopher René Descartes believed the soul was separate from the body, as many religions will tell you, and perhaps when we die, something lingers on.
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Friedrich Nietzsche talked about the concept of eternal recurrence,
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or eternal return, meaning all existence or energy in the universe has forever and will forever keep repeating itself ad infinitum.
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You live the same life again and again forever.
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Now doesn't that make you want to live well?
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Here we can make similarities to the Buddhist belief of the Wheel of Samsara wherein all souls
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or lives will begin a cycle again after death, except not the same exact life,
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something we call reincarnation, which some people say is connected to what we sometimes call deja vu.
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Buddhists believe we can end this vicious cycle if we can become truly enlightened, therefore achieving nirvana.
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Or do we make our way to heaven after our bodies stop working,
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tipping our cap to St. Peter at the pearly gates hoping he won't deny us entrance for stealing
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that candy bar when we went on a school trip to Niagara Falls.
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Will we be taken into paradise, a place replete with excellent foods and gorgeous maidens that make your dead knees go weak?
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Or will we simply seed the earth, our souls nothing more than a worldly fancy
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that took our minds off our cosmic insignificance and the feeling of futility that we sometimes experience here on Terra Firma?
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While this video was pretty grim, let's for a second step away and think about your life now and how you can make it better.
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But since we all have limited time on earth,
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “What Happens When You Die?”. As palavras que mais se repetem: die, dead, blood, happen. Este vídeo tem 69 frases e 1374 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 6:16. O falante fala rápido, cerca de 219 palavras por minuto, então espere sons ligados e reduzidos. 83% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| muscle substantivo | /ˈmʌs.əl/ | músculo |
| eternal adjetivo | /ɪˈtɝ.nl̩/ | eterno |
| bone substantivo | /boʊn/ | osso |
| paradise substantivo | /ˈpæɹədaɪs/ | paraíso |
| subscribe verbo | /səbˈskɹaɪb/ | assinar |
| feast substantivo | /ˈfiːst/ | festa |
| cardiac adjetivo | /ˈkɑɹdiˌæk/ | cardíaco |
| shortly advérbio | /ˈʃɔɹtli/ | rapidamente |
| belief substantivo | /bɪˈliːf/ | crença |
| cloud substantivo | /ˈklaʊ̯d/ | nuvem, nimbo |
| egg substantivo | /ɛɡ/ | ovo |
| suffer verbo | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | sofrer |
| stomach substantivo | /ˈstʌmək/ | estômago |
| steal verbo | /stiːl/ | roubar, furtar |
| nurse substantivo | /nɝs/ | enfermeira, enfermeiro |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| check out verbo | verificar, sacar só | |
| cool down verbo | /kuːl ˈdaʊn/ | esfriar, arrefecer |
| figure out verbo | descobrir, deduzir |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | were polled · was described · might be ensconced |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have led · haven't adhered · have suffered |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | people who have · man who hardly · death, which means |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 17 contrações e formas reduzidas, como don't, doesn't, you're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: shortly /ˈʃɔɹtli/, impression /ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/, physician /fəˈzɪʃən/, consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, surprisingly /səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/, philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/, realism /ˈɹi.əlɪzəm/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: subscribe /səbˈskɹaɪb/, feast /ˈfiːst/, cardiac /ˈkɑɹdiˌæk/, cloud /ˈklaʊ̯d/, egg /ɛɡ/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: muscle /ˈmʌs.əl/, electrical /ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/, steal /stiːl/, poll /poʊl/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: behold /bɪˈhəʊld/, adhere /ædˈhɪə/, hellfire /ˈhɛlˌfaɪəɹ/, unholy /ʌnˈhəʊli/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como muscle, eternal, bone.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.