Prática de Shadowing: How many people are in hell? | Bishop Robert Barron - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Hell is a corollary of two more fundamental teachings, namely that God is love and that we're free,
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which means we can respond to that love, we can incorporate that love, we can hook ourselves onto it or we can resist it.
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And hell would be the permanent and eternal absolute no to God.
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If you're at a party, there's a party swirling around you.
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Everyone's having a great time.
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There's music and there's good food and everyone's laughing.
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But you're in the worst mood of your life.
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That party is increasing your suffering.
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If you were by yourself, you wouldn't suffer as much as you would in that party.
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Well, see, hell would be like that.
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The Bible is very clear on the existence of hell.
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Well, some time ago, I did a video where I suggested we may hope that all people be saved.
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I didn't say, I know all people are saved.
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I didn't say, no problem, don't worry about it.
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I said, we may hope.
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And I must say, I was very surprised at the vehemence of the reaction of
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some people who seem to be very enthusiastic about a populated hell.
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The position I take, I think, is kind of a middle ground between saying, well, obviously everyone goes to heaven,
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and well, obviously there's lots and lots or most people in hell.
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Mine, I think, is a middle position.
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What are arguments for a crowded hell?
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Look around us.
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I mean, that's easy in a way.
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There's plenty of wickedness to go around.
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And so we can say Hitler and Stalin and the real limit cases, but come on, look around and look in.
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Well, the Bible says there's no man righteous, no, not one.
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So that's easy in a way.
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Yeah, if I just look at human achievement, morally speaking, I'd say most of us would go to hell.
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What's the counter -argument?
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God, and God's love, and God's mercy, and more to it, what God has accomplished in Christ.
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The Father sent the Son, where?
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Into our sin, so that he could, in principle, and how it is possible, carry everybody back to the Father.
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So, yes, I look all around, what do I see?
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People destined for hell.
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Jesus himself said that the road to perdition is wide and most taken.
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Yeah, sure, that's true.
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But, but, that same Jesus went to the end of that road, so that as we run away from the Father,
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we are running into the arms of the Son.
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Are we ready for intimacy with God, which is what heaven means?
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Well, not until we've purged selfishness, cruelty, different forms of wickedness from our lives.
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We require, therefore, the scola animarum, the school of souls, this purgative process by which we're readied for love.
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Might this take place even after we die?
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Why?
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Let's face it, in this life it's not the case
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that the best people get rewarded and the most wicked people are punished.
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I mean, sometimes, but not always.
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And so people, I think, very naturally have said, no, there must be some realm where things are set right,
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where a God who is a God of justice sets things right.
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Now is anyone in the state of hell permanent, everlasting rejection of God?
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Well, we don't know.
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Purgatory, a place of purification, where imperfections are burned away, where things are set right, might we hope for that,
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hope for that, even for all people?
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We may hope — I don't know it.
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To claim to know it is to fall into a heresy.
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I'm not going to do that.
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But I may hope, given the acrobatic display of God's love in Christ, I may hope that all people be saved.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “How many people are in hell?”. As palavras que mais se repetem: hell, saved, Father. Este vídeo tem 40 frases e 626 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 3:58. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 158 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. 85% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar. 8 das 40 frases são perguntas, por isso é um bom treino para a entonação de perguntas e respostas curtas.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| suffer verbo | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | sofrer |
| naturally advérbio | /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ | naturalmente |
| mood substantivo | /muːd/ | humor, mau humor |
| hook substantivo | /hʊk/ | gancho |
| achievement substantivo | /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/ | realização, conquista |
| principle substantivo | /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/ | princípio |
| fundamental adjetivo | /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/ | fundamental |
| reward substantivo | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | recompensa |
| mercy substantivo | /ˈmɝsi/ | misericórdia, piedade |
| resist verbo | /ɹɪˈzɪst/ | resistir, aguentar |
| eternal adjetivo | /ɪˈtɝ.nl̩/ | eterno |
| accomplish verbo | /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/ | conseguir |
| namely advérbio | /ˈneɪmli/ | leia-se, nomeadamente |
| punish verbo | /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ | castigar, punir |
| rejection substantivo | /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/ | rejeição |
Frases que vale a pena repetir
Frases curtas e completas do vídeo que você pode usar na conversa do dia a dia:
- I mean, that's easy in a way.
- Might we hope for that, hope for that, even for all people?
- We may hope- I don't know it.
- I'm not gonna do that.
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Frases condicionais if + oração, will/would + verbo — uma condição e seu resultado | If you were by yourself, you wouldn't suffer |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | be saved · are saved · are punished |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | has accomplished · we've purged · have said |
| Orações relativas who / which + oração — informação extra sobre uma pessoa ou coisa | people who seem · God, which is |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 13 contrações e formas reduzidas, como don't, didn't, we're. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/, rejection /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/, imperfection /ɪmpɚˈfɛkʃən/, perdition /pɜː(ɹ)ˈdɪ.ʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, incorporate /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/, enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈæstɪk/, intimacy /ˈɪn.tɪ.mə.si/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: mood /muːd/, hook /hʊk/, achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/, reward /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/, resist /ɹɪˈzɪst/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: principle /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, swirl /swɝl/
- /h/ — um sopro suave, diferente do “r”: hook /hʊk/, heresy /ˈhɛɹəsi/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como suffer, naturally, mood.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.