シャドーイング練習: How many people are in hell? | Bishop Robert Barron - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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Hell is a corollary of two more fundamental teachings, namely that God is love and that we're free,
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which means we can respond to that love, we can incorporate that love, we can hook ourselves onto it or we can resist it.
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And hell would be the permanent and eternal absolute no to God.
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If you're at a party, there's a party swirling around you.
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Everyone's having a great time.
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There's music and there's good food and everyone's laughing.
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But you're in the worst mood of your life.
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That party is increasing your suffering.
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If you were by yourself, you wouldn't suffer as much as you would in that party.
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Well, see, hell would be like that.
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The Bible is very clear on the existence of hell.
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Well, some time ago, I did a video where I suggested we may hope that all people be saved.
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I didn't say, I know all people are saved.
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I didn't say, no problem, don't worry about it.
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I said, we may hope.
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And I must say, I was very surprised at the vehemence of the reaction of
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some people who seem to be very enthusiastic about a populated hell.
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The position I take, I think, is kind of a middle ground between saying, well, obviously everyone goes to heaven,
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and well, obviously there's lots and lots or most people in hell.
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Mine, I think, is a middle position.
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What are arguments for a crowded hell?
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Look around us.
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I mean, that's easy in a way.
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There's plenty of wickedness to go around.
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And so we can say Hitler and Stalin and the real limit cases, but come on, look around and look in.
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Well, the Bible says there's no man righteous, no, not one.
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So that's easy in a way.
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Yeah, if I just look at human achievement, morally speaking, I'd say most of us would go to hell.
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What's the counter -argument?
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God, and God's love, and God's mercy, and more to it, what God has accomplished in Christ.
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The Father sent the Son, where?
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Into our sin, so that he could, in principle, and how it is possible, carry everybody back to the Father.
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So, yes, I look all around, what do I see?
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People destined for hell.
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Jesus himself said that the road to perdition is wide and most taken.
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Yeah, sure, that's true.
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But, but, that same Jesus went to the end of that road, so that as we run away from the Father,
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we are running into the arms of the Son.
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Are we ready for intimacy with God, which is what heaven means?
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Well, not until we've purged selfishness, cruelty, different forms of wickedness from our lives.
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We require, therefore, the scola animarum, the school of souls, this purgative process by which we're readied for love.
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Might this take place even after we die?
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Why?
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Let's face it, in this life it's not the case
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that the best people get rewarded and the most wicked people are punished.
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I mean, sometimes, but not always.
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And so people, I think, very naturally have said, no, there must be some realm where things are set right,
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where a God who is a God of justice sets things right.
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Now is anyone in the state of hell permanent, everlasting rejection of God?
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Well, we don't know.
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Purgatory, a place of purification, where imperfections are burned away, where things are set right, might we hope for that,
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hope for that, even for all people?
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We may hope — I don't know it.
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To claim to know it is to fall into a heresy.
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I'm not going to do that.
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But I may hope, given the acrobatic display of God's love in Christ, I may hope that all people be saved.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「How many people are in hell?」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：hell, saved, Father。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が40文、単語が626語あります。 音声の長さは3:58です。 話す速さは1分あたり約158語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の85%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。 全40文のうち8文が疑問文なので、疑問文のイントネーションや短い受け答えの練習に向いています。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| suffer 動詞 | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | 被る |
| naturally 副詞 | /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ | 勿論 |
| mood 名詞 | /muːd/ | 気分, 気持ち |
| hook 名詞 | /hʊk/ | 鉤, フック |
| achievement 名詞 | /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/ | 達成, 到達 |
| principle 名詞 | /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/ | 原理, 原則 |
| fundamental 形容詞 | /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/ | 基本的な |
| reward 名詞 | /ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ | 見返り, 賞 |
| mercy 名詞 | /ˈmɝsi/ | 慈悲, 情け |
| resist 動詞 | /ɹɪˈzɪst/ | 抗う, 抵抗する |
| eternal 形容詞 | /ɪˈtɝ.nl̩/ | 永遠の, 永久の |
| namely 副詞 | /ˈneɪmli/ | 即ち, つまり |
| punish 動詞 | /ˈpʌnɪʃ/ | 罰する, 懲罰する |
| rejection 名詞 | /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/ | 拒絶 |
| enthusiastic 形容詞 | /ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈæstɪk/ | 熱心 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| look around 動詞 | 見回す |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- I mean, that's easy in a way.
- Might we hope for that, hope for that, even for all people?
- We may hope- I don't know it.
- I'm not gonna do that.
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 条件文 if + 節, will/would + 動詞 — 条件とその結果 | If you were by yourself, you wouldn't suffer |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | be saved · are saved · are punished |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | has accomplished · we've purged · have said |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | people who seem · God, which is |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, didn't, we'reなど、短縮形や弱形を13回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, punish /ˈpʌnɪʃ/, rejection /ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/, imperfection /ɪmpɚˈfɛkʃən/, perdition /pɜː(ɹ)ˈdɪ.ʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, incorporate /ɪŋˈkɔɹ.pɚ.eɪt/, enthusiastic /ɪnˌθjuːzɪˈæstɪk/, intimacy /ˈɪn.tɪ.mə.si/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: naturally /ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/, principle /ˈpɹɪn.sɪ.pəl/, cruelty /ˈkɹu(.ə)lti/, morally /ˈmɔɹəli/, corollary /ˈkɔɹəˌlɛɹi/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: achievement /əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/, everlasting /ˌɛvəɹˈlæstɪŋ/, vehemence /ˈviːəmən(t)s/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: suffer /ˈsʌfɚ/, fundamental /ˌfʌn.dəˈmɛn.təl/, imperfection /ɪmpɚˈfɛkʃən/, purification /ˌpjʊəɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/, selfishness /ˈsɛl.fɪʃ.nəs/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。suffer, naturally, moodなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。