シャドーイング練習: Become a great strategic thinker | Ian Bremmer - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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75 文
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Music Thinking
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strategically is meta -thinking.
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It's thinking about thinking.
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It is not responding to headlines.
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It's not what CNN wants to talk to me about on any given day or Fox News.
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It is instead trying to think about, for me, where the world is heading.
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That means pattern recognition, lots of different macro themes at the country level,
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at the company level, at the individual level,
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and how they create trade -offs in leaders that are affected frequently by many of them,
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but have very different priorities, needs, and timeframes.
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It's very easy to say, okay, I just saw this headline, and I have a large amount of personal history and data,
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and that will allow me to immediately frame what I think that means, where I should place it in my existing worldview,
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and is there any information there that's dissonant?
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That is completely unstrategic thinking.
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Strategic thinking is what goes on outside of that.
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It is how do I create my worldview?
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What would change it?
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What are the pieces that I prioritize?
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What are the ones that aren't so important?
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Why do I prioritize them that way?
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Does that make sense today?
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What's changed in the last 10 years or 20 years?
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The world changes so quickly, and yet people don't revisit their worldview nearly as quickly as the world changes.
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And yet, of course, you should revisit your worldview on a continual basis.
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Not because you were wrong.
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I mean, you may have been wrong.
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But much more likely is you had some level of rightness.
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You weren't analytically wrong.
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The world moved.
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And if you're not moving, you're going to become wrong.
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I mean, any analytic view will become wrong over time.
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And strategic thinking, I think at its base, is an effort to prevent that from happening.
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Great strategic thinkers are curious and open.
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They are fine with being wrong,
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admitting that they're wrong, talking about what that means, and moving on.
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There are also people that are very curious about different worldviews.
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People that have respect for worldviews and opinions and analysis that are dramatically different from their own and that engage with them,
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those are people who tend to be good strategic thinkers.
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I don't necessarily say opposing worldviews because worldviews don't need to be opposing.
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They just need to be different.
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I happen to be born in the United States, and that of necessity gives me a worldview of that context.
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But if I, same human being, happened to be born in China, would that give me an opposing worldview?
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No, I'd be the same person.
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I just have a different worldview.
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People that are much more comfortable simply following folks that confirm their priors may be outstanding tactical thinkers,
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but are not good strategic thinkers.
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Of course, this is not easy to do.
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I mean, it's kind of like going to the gym.
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The first time is daunting.
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Once you do it every morning, stopping doing it would feel daunting.
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But you have to actually build up that training, that practice.
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And it takes time because your brain doesn't like it when you start engaging with things that you don't agree with.
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It finds it unnerving.
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But if you do it enough and you start breaking down your own internal barriers to say, no, it's not that I don't like this person.
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It's not that that opinion turns me off.
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It's just that they come from a different story.
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They're not villainous, right?
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The fact that you're
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Israeli or Palestinian doesn't make the other person wrong.
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They're both heroes of their own stories.
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They just have different stories.
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If you're prepared to understand, accept, and embrace that, then you tend to be a better strategic thinker.
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Nelson Mandela would probably be at the top of my list in terms of global strategic thinkers.
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He is not only someone of extraordinary moral courage and personal conviction,
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he also is someone that recognizes for the long future of his country
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that he needed to put aside personal vendettas
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and even the desire to mete out immediate justice in order to ensure that his country had a future.
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He took the long view on values and ethics and human development in a way that very few political figures really do.
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My only regret is that I never had the opportunity to meet him personally.
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Maybe that allows me to lionize him more
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because a lot of world leaders who I have a lot of respect for
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that I've spent a lot of time with personally do become more humanized in ways
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that don't always comport with how much you respect them once you've spent time with them.
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That's not always true, but it's frequently true.
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To learn even more from the world's biggest thinkers, get Big Think Plus for your business.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Become a great strategic thinker」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：worldview, strategic, thinker, thinking, opposing。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が49文、単語が809語あります。 音声の長さは6:18です。 話す速さは1分あたり約129語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の85%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。 全49文のうち12文が疑問文なので、疑問文のイントネーションや短い受け答えの練習に向いています。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| strategic 形容詞 | /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ | 戦略的な |
| oppose 動詞 | /əˈpoʊz/ | 阻む, 阻止する |
| curious 形容詞 | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | 好奇心の強い, 知りたがる |
| headline 名詞 | /ˈhɛd.laɪn/ | 見出し, 標題 |
| recognition 名詞 | /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ | 承認 |
| moral 形容詞 | /ˈmoɹəl/ | 倫理的な |
| priority 名詞 | /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/ | 優先, 優先権 |
| confirm 動詞 | /kənˈfɝm/ | 確認する |
| regret 動詞 | /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/ | 後悔する, 悔いる |
| extraordinary 形容詞 | /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/ | 並外れた, 非凡な |
| courage 名詞 | /ˈkʌ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ | 勇気, 度胸 |
| embrace 動詞 | /ɛmˈbɹes/ | 抱擁する, 抱く |
| barrier 名詞 | /ˈbæɹi.ə/ | 障壁 |
| conviction 名詞 | /kənˈvɪkʃən/ | 信念 |
| necessity 名詞 | /nɪˈsɛsəti/ | 必要性, 必然性 |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- It is how do I create my worldview?
- What are the pieces that I prioritize?
- What are the ones that aren't so important?
- Why do I prioritize them that way?
- It's not that that opinion turns me off.
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | are affected · be born |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | I've spent · you've spent |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, they're, doesn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を20回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「th」の音: ethics /ˈɛθ.ɪks/, thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/, extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/, necessity /nɪˈsɛsəti/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, moral /ˈmoɹəl/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/, revisit /ɹiːˈvɪzɪt/, unnerve /ʌnˈnɜː(ɹ)v/, vendetta /vɛnˈdɛtə/, villainous /ˈvɪlənəs/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: confirm /kənˈfɝm/, folk /foʊk/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。strategic, oppose, curiousなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。