跟读练习: Become a great strategic thinker | Ian Bremmer - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Music Thinking
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strategically is meta -thinking.
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It's thinking about thinking.
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It is not responding to headlines.
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It's not what CNN wants to talk to me about on any given day or Fox News.
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It is instead trying to think about, for me, where the world is heading.
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That means pattern recognition, lots of different macro themes at the country level,
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at the company level, at the individual level,
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and how they create trade -offs in leaders that are affected frequently by many of them,
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but have very different priorities, needs, and timeframes.
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It's very easy to say, okay, I just saw this headline, and I have a large amount of personal history and data,
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and that will allow me to immediately frame what I think that means, where I should place it in my existing worldview,
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and is there any information there that's dissonant?
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That is completely unstrategic thinking.
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Strategic thinking is what goes on outside of that.
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It is how do I create my worldview?
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What would change it?
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What are the pieces that I prioritize?
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What are the ones that aren't so important?
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Why do I prioritize them that way?
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Does that make sense today?
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What's changed in the last 10 years or 20 years?
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The world changes so quickly, and yet people don't revisit their worldview nearly as quickly as the world changes.
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And yet, of course, you should revisit your worldview on a continual basis.
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Not because you were wrong.
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I mean, you may have been wrong.
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But much more likely is you had some level of rightness.
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You weren't analytically wrong.
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The world moved.
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And if you're not moving, you're going to become wrong.
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I mean, any analytic view will become wrong over time.
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And strategic thinking, I think at its base, is an effort to prevent that from happening.
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Great strategic thinkers are curious and open.
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They are fine with being wrong,
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admitting that they're wrong, talking about what that means, and moving on.
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There are also people that are very curious about different worldviews.
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People that have respect for worldviews and opinions and analysis that are dramatically different from their own and that engage with them,
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those are people who tend to be good strategic thinkers.
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I don't necessarily say opposing worldviews because worldviews don't need to be opposing.
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They just need to be different.
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I happen to be born in the United States, and that of necessity gives me a worldview of that context.
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But if I, same human being, happened to be born in China, would that give me an opposing worldview?
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No, I'd be the same person.
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I just have a different worldview.
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People that are much more comfortable simply following folks that confirm their priors may be outstanding tactical thinkers,
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but are not good strategic thinkers.
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Of course, this is not easy to do.
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I mean, it's kind of like going to the gym.
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The first time is daunting.
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Once you do it every morning, stopping doing it would feel daunting.
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But you have to actually build up that training, that practice.
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And it takes time because your brain doesn't like it when you start engaging with things that you don't agree with.
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It finds it unnerving.
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But if you do it enough and you start breaking down your own internal barriers to say, no, it's not that I don't like this person.
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It's not that that opinion turns me off.
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It's just that they come from a different story.
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They're not villainous, right?
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The fact that you're
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Israeli or Palestinian doesn't make the other person wrong.
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They're both heroes of their own stories.
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They just have different stories.
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If you're prepared to understand, accept, and embrace that, then you tend to be a better strategic thinker.
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Nelson Mandela would probably be at the top of my list in terms of global strategic thinkers.
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He is not only someone of extraordinary moral courage and personal conviction,
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he also is someone that recognizes for the long future of his country
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that he needed to put aside personal vendettas
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and even the desire to mete out immediate justice in order to ensure that his country had a future.
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He took the long view on values and ethics and human development in a way that very few political figures really do.
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My only regret is that I never had the opportunity to meet him personally.
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Maybe that allows me to lionize him more
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because a lot of world leaders who I have a lot of respect for
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that I've spent a lot of time with personally do become more humanized in ways
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that don't always comport with how much you respect them once you've spent time with them.
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That's not always true, but it's frequently true.
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To learn even more from the world's biggest thinkers, get Big Think Plus for your business.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节口语课以视频“Become a great strategic thinker”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：worldview, strategic, thinker, thinking, opposing。 这段视频共有 49 个句子、809 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 6:18。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 129 个词，很适合跟读。 85% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。 全部 49 个句子中有 12 个是问句，适合练习疑问语调和简短回答。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| strategic 形容词 | /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ | 戰略的 /战略的 |
| oppose 动词 | /əˈpoʊz/ | 阻止, 對抗 /对抗 |
| curious 形容词 | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | 好奇, 有好奇心 |
| headline 名词 | /ˈhɛd.laɪn/ | 標題 /标题 |
| necessarily 副词 | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | 必然地, 必定地 |
| recognition 名词 | /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ | 認出 /认出 |
| moral 形容词 | /ˈmoɹəl/ | 道德的 |
| priority 名词 | /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/ | 優先權 /优先权, 更重要的事 |
| confirm 动词 | /kənˈfɝm/ | 證實 /证实, 確認 /确认 |
| regret 动词 | /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/ | 後悔 /后悔, 遺憾 /遗憾 |
| extraordinary 形容词 | /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/ | 非凡, 了不起 |
| courage 名词 | /ˈkʌ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ | 勇氣 /勇气, 膽量 /胆量 |
| embrace 动词 | /ɛmˈbɹes/ | 擁抱 /拥抱, 摟抱 /搂抱 |
| barrier 名词 | /ˈbæɹi.ə/ | 障, 柵欄 /栅栏 |
| conviction 名词 | /kənˈvɪkʃən/ | 信念 |
视频中出现的短语动词
| 单词 | 释义 |
|---|---|
| break down 动词 | 壞了 /坏了, 出故障 |
值得反复跟读的句子
视频中简短而完整的句子，可以直接用在日常对话里：
- It is how do I create my worldview?
- What are the pieces that I prioritize?
- What are the ones that aren't so important?
- Why do I prioritize them that way?
- It's not that that opinion turns me off.
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | are affected · be born |
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | I've spent · you've spent |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 20 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, they're, doesn't。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: ethics /ˈɛθ.ɪks/, thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/, extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/, necessity /nɪˈsɛsəti/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/, revisit /ɹiːˈvɪzɪt/, unnerve /ʌnˈnɜː(ɹ)v/, vendetta /vɛnˈdɛtə/, villainous /ˈvɪlənəs/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: strategic /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/, oppose /əˈpoʊz/, curious /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/, engage /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/, regret /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, moral /ˈmoɹəl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 strategic, oppose, curious 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。