Pratique du Shadowing: Become a great strategic thinker | Ian Bremmer - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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75 phrases
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Music Thinking
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strategically is meta -thinking.
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It's thinking about thinking.
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It is not responding to headlines.
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It's not what CNN wants to talk to me about on any given day or Fox News.
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It is instead trying to think about, for me, where the world is heading.
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That means pattern recognition, lots of different macro themes at the country level,
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at the company level, at the individual level,
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and how they create trade -offs in leaders that are affected frequently by many of them,
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but have very different priorities, needs, and timeframes.
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It's very easy to say, okay, I just saw this headline, and I have a large amount of personal history and data,
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and that will allow me to immediately frame what I think that means, where I should place it in my existing worldview,
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and is there any information there that's dissonant?
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That is completely unstrategic thinking.
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Strategic thinking is what goes on outside of that.
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It is how do I create my worldview?
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What would change it?
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What are the pieces that I prioritize?
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What are the ones that aren't so important?
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Why do I prioritize them that way?
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Does that make sense today?
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What's changed in the last 10 years or 20 years?
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The world changes so quickly, and yet people don't revisit their worldview nearly as quickly as the world changes.
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And yet, of course, you should revisit your worldview on a continual basis.
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Not because you were wrong.
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I mean, you may have been wrong.
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But much more likely is you had some level of rightness.
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You weren't analytically wrong.
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The world moved.
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And if you're not moving, you're going to become wrong.
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I mean, any analytic view will become wrong over time.
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And strategic thinking, I think at its base, is an effort to prevent that from happening.
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Great strategic thinkers are curious and open.
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They are fine with being wrong,
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admitting that they're wrong, talking about what that means, and moving on.
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There are also people that are very curious about different worldviews.
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People that have respect for worldviews and opinions and analysis that are dramatically different from their own and that engage with them,
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those are people who tend to be good strategic thinkers.
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I don't necessarily say opposing worldviews because worldviews don't need to be opposing.
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They just need to be different.
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I happen to be born in the United States, and that of necessity gives me a worldview of that context.
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But if I, same human being, happened to be born in China, would that give me an opposing worldview?
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No, I'd be the same person.
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I just have a different worldview.
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People that are much more comfortable simply following folks that confirm their priors may be outstanding tactical thinkers,
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but are not good strategic thinkers.
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Of course, this is not easy to do.
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I mean, it's kind of like going to the gym.
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The first time is daunting.
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Once you do it every morning, stopping doing it would feel daunting.
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But you have to actually build up that training, that practice.
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And it takes time because your brain doesn't like it when you start engaging with things that you don't agree with.
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It finds it unnerving.
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But if you do it enough and you start breaking down your own internal barriers to say, no, it's not that I don't like this person.
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It's not that that opinion turns me off.
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It's just that they come from a different story.
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They're not villainous, right?
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The fact that you're
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Israeli or Palestinian doesn't make the other person wrong.
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They're both heroes of their own stories.
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They just have different stories.
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If you're prepared to understand, accept, and embrace that, then you tend to be a better strategic thinker.
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Nelson Mandela would probably be at the top of my list in terms of global strategic thinkers.
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He is not only someone of extraordinary moral courage and personal conviction,
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he also is someone that recognizes for the long future of his country
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that he needed to put aside personal vendettas
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and even the desire to mete out immediate justice in order to ensure that his country had a future.
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He took the long view on values and ethics and human development in a way that very few political figures really do.
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My only regret is that I never had the opportunity to meet him personally.
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Maybe that allows me to lionize him more
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because a lot of world leaders who I have a lot of respect for
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that I've spent a lot of time with personally do become more humanized in ways
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that don't always comport with how much you respect them once you've spent time with them.
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That's not always true, but it's frequently true.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Become a great strategic thinker ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : worldview, strategic, thinker, thinking, opposing. Cette vidéo contient 49 phrases et 809 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 6:18. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 129 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 85 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer. 12 de ses 49 phrases sont des questions : un bon entraînement pour l’intonation interrogative et les réponses courtes.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| strategic adjectif | /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ | stratégique |
| oppose verbe | /əˈpoʊz/ | s'opposer à |
| curious adjectif | /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ | curieux |
| engage verbe | /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/ | attirer l'attention |
| headline nom | /ˈhɛd.laɪn/ | titre, manchette |
| necessarily adverbe | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | absolument, nécessairement |
| recognition nom | /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/ | reconnaissance |
| moral adjectif | /ˈmoɹəl/ | moral |
| priority nom | /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/ | priorité |
| confirm verbe | /kənˈfɝm/ | confirmer |
| regret verbe | /ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/ | regretter |
| extraordinary adjectif | /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/ | extraordinaire |
| courage nom | /ˈkʌ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ | bravoure, courage |
| folk nom | /foʊk/ | peuple |
| embrace verbe | /ɛmˈbɹes/ | étreindre, embrasser |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| break down verbe | tomber en panne |
| build up verbe | s'accumuler, s'entasser |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- It is how do I create my worldview?
- What are the pieces that I prioritize?
- What are the ones that aren't so important?
- Why do I prioritize them that way?
- It's not that that opinion turns me off.
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | are affected · be born |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | I've spent · you've spent |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 20 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, they're, doesn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: ethics /ˈɛθ.ɪks/, thinker /ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, conviction /kənˈvɪkʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, priority /pɹaɪˈɒɹɪti/, extraordinary /ɪksˈtɹɔːrdɪn(ə)ɹi/, necessity /nɪˈsɛsəti/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: headline /ˈhɛd.laɪn/, humanize /ˈhjuː.mə.naɪz/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: strategic /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/, engage /ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/, courage /ˈkʌ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: strategic /stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/, curious /ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, recognition /ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/, moral /ˈmoɹəl/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme strategic, oppose, curious.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.