Prática de Shadowing: Where is the evidence for God? | Bishop Robert Barron - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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I think what most people get wrong when speaking of God is to imagine God as a big being.
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I look up in the night sky and I see stars and planets and look around I see animals and plants.
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I see the world of beings, of things.
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The great mistake is to say, well, he must be the biggest being around.
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He's the supreme being among the many beings of the world.
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And that's precisely what God is not.
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How often atheists, both old and new, will say something like, well, where's your evidence for God?
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If you imagine God as one more big contingent thing among others, well then there's just there's no evidence for that reality.
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They're operating out of a scientific framework.
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But see, if you're looking for God that way, you'll never find him.
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That's not what he is.
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God is the sheer act of existence itself in and through which all particular things exist.
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But people get caught up in misunderstanding God and therefore seeking him in a sort of empirical, scientific way.
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That's not going to work.
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You know, the theologian Paul Tillich, who was one of the great
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Protestant theologians of the last century, he said the word faith is the most misunderstood word in the religious vocabulary.
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And I've always felt that's right.
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How do people read faith?
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Through a scientific lens or a scientistic lens.
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Faith is credulity.
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It's superstition.
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It's accepting things on the basis of no evidence.
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It's the way a child thinks.
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That is not faith.
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That is indeed superstition, credulity, stupidity.
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The Church, at its best, is calling people beyond that.
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We're not satisfied leaving people in a state of pre -rational superstition.
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So what's faith then?
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It's something on the far side of reason.
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When reason has gone about as far as it can possibly go, it looks into a kind of alluring darkness.
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Faith in ways like that, the full presence of God, is such that it overwhelms the mind.
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And of course it does.
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And that shouldn't be surprising that God, ipsum esse, the sheer act of being itself, the creator of all things,
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that in whom essence and existence coincide, is not going to be definable by our minds.
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It won't fit into our minds.
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So what does the mind want?
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Well, it wants the truth.
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And so it seeks it.
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It seeks it scientifically, psychologically.
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It seeks it through literature.
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It seeks it through philosophy.
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That's the beauty of the mind.
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I'd be asking people not to close their minds, but to keep opening their minds.
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I love the sciences.
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But I don't like scientism, which is the reduction of all knowledge to the scientific form of knowledge.
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I love the sciences and their success in the technology they've delivered to us.
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But first of all, there's all kinds of other ways of knowing the truth about the world.
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Hamlet doesn't have a bit of science in it,
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but Hamlet delivers to us profound truths about human life and about love and about frustration and about aspiration.
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We've got to open our minds beyond just a scientific vision of reality.
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So what I would say is religion doesn't close the mind.
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On the contrary, I'm opposed to any system that wants to shut down the spirit and say, no, no, that's all you can know.
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No, no, no, don't go beyond these limits.
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No, blow open the limits.
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Go beyond the limits.
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See, and that to me is language of faith, not infrarational stupidity and superstition.
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No, no, no. But faith is this alluring horizon, this darkness beyond the light.
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And by God, yes, I want to keep opening that up for people.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação usa o vídeo “Where is the evidence for God?”. As palavras que mais se repetem: faith, scientific, beyond, superstition, seeks. Este vídeo tem 45 frases e 614 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 3:56. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 156 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. 85% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês; vale a pena estudar o restante antes de começar.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
15 palavras do vídeo que vale a pena aprender, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| darkness substantivo | /ˈdɑɹk.nɪs/ | escuridão, trevas |
| lens substantivo | /lɛnz/ | lente |
| sheer adjetivo | /ʃɪɚ/ | fino |
| stupidity substantivo | /stuˈpɪdɪti/ | estupidez, burrice |
| reduction substantivo | /ɹɪˈdʌk.ʃən/ | redução, diminuição |
| framework substantivo | /ˈfɹeɪm.wɜːk/ | esqueleto, estrutura |
| creator substantivo | /kɹiːˈeɪ̯təː/ | Criador |
| precisely advérbio | /pɹɪˈsaɪs.li/ | precisamente, justamente |
| horizon substantivo | /həˈɹaɪ.zən/ | horizonte |
| rational adjetivo | /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/ | racional |
| essence substantivo | /ˈɛsəns/ | essência |
| satisfy verbo | /ˈsætɪsfaɪ/ | satisfazer |
| frustration substantivo | /fɹʌsˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ | frustração |
| oppose verbo | /əˈpoʊz/ | opor |
| profound adjetivo | /pɹəˈfaʊnd/ | profundo |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| shut down verbo | apagar, encerrar |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 17 contrações e formas reduzidas, como doesn't, don't, gonna. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: atheist /ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/, theologian /ˌθi.əˈloʊd͡ʒən/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: sheer /ʃɪɚ/, reduction /ɹɪˈdʌk.ʃən/, rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/, frustration /fɹʌsˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/, aspiration /ˌæspəˈɹeɪʃən/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: stupidity /stuˈpɪdɪti/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, empirical /ɪmˈpɪɹɪkəl/, credulity /kɹɪˈduːlɪti/, misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/
Sons difíceis para falantes de português:
- Consoante final — sem acrescentar um “i” depois: framework /ˈfɹeɪm.wɜːk/, profound /pɹəˈfaʊnd/, contingent /kənˈtɪn.d͡ʒənt/, atheist /ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/, misunderstand /mɪs.ʌn.də(ɹ)ˈstænd/
- /l/ final — a língua toca o céu da boca, não vira “u”: rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/, empirical /ɪmˈpɪɹɪkəl/, definable [dɪˈfaɪnəbəɫ]
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como darkness, lens, sheer.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.