跟读练习: Scientifically Proven Best Ways to Study - 通过视频学习英语口语

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For those of us in school who are trying to figure out the most effective way to study, science is here on hand to help.

While it has been traditionally thought by many of us over the years

that long hours in front of the computer or in the library, before an important exam, are required to maximize study time,

this is actually not the case.

So forget about long nights, with eyelids drooping over pages and pages of text,

scientific research has expressed quite clearly that that isn't the way to study smart.

And it turns out smart studying is a lot more fun than we might have thought.

So just what cool techniques work best to maximize those precious days before the big exam?

That's what we'll find out in this episode of the Infographics Show, scientifically proven best ways to study.

First of all, an unlikely helper is exercise.

Blood chemistry has been proven to change the way the brain works, as the brain, the happy recipient of vital nutrients through exercise,

repays the favor by increasing brain performance in the shape of a better and longer attention span, smoother information processing, and more fluid problem -solving skills.

How does this work?

Well, exercise releases an important blend of mood -altering hormones including dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine.

This neural cocktail greatly enhances brain performance required for study and information retention, so in between study sessions we should seriously consider hitting the gym,

swimming some laps, kicking a ball around, or even dancing a few steps, because any kind of exercise exercise greatly improves brain power.

These exercise sessions also help to break up the study sessions, which is crucial to avoiding cramming, a scientifically disproven method.

The problem with cramming is that overloaded information does not have a chance to enter the long -term memory.

Short -term memory is the free, crazy space within your brain.

Information rattles around inside there, but what we need to do is turn that information into knowledge, and that doesn't happen by cramming.

The transformation from short -term information into long -term knowledge occurs through repeated needed exposure to that information,

retelling of that information, and reflection of that information.

So if you learn about a topic, put down the book, and then hit the gym and reflect up on it,

or talk to somebody else who has knowledge on the subject,

and then you are far more likely to retain that short -term information and turn it into long -term knowledge.

You must also vary your study program.

Smart study isn't about just reading the material over and over and over again ad nauseum.

Although this may seem like the easiest way, it is totally counterproductive.

A 2010 study from Washington University compared the effectiveness of repeated testing over repeated studying

and found that testing is far more effective than simply re -reading.

So in between short exercise and study sessions, why not test yourself now and again?

Or better still, find a study partner who is tackling the same subject and test one another, compare your results, talk about them,

and continue your study program in between exercising.

There is no reason you should study completely alone, and without adequate testing, you will fail to see where the real information gaps are.

Finally, get as much sleep as you can, because sleep is crucial to brain development.

When awake for the first few hours in the day, our alpha brainwaves are most active,

which is the brain state most suited to the acquisition of information and knowledge.

A good study program should not only include exercise, short intense study sessions, and social learning, it should also include a good night's sleep and perhaps,

if your day allows it, a cheeky power nap in the afternoon.

A nap in the daytime will give you two bursts of alpha brainwaves for one day's study, and the benefit of sleep doesn't end there.

When you acquire information, brain cells grow new connections that reach out and connect with one another.

Sleep helps these cells grow and connect, so if we think of our brain as a tree, sleep is like the miracle grow,

and while we sleep, all the tiny branches will grow and flourish.

Conversely, all night study sessions do not work, as our ability to process information is hindered by our restlessness,

and the information overload is simply overbearing.

Scientific research has shown

that it can take up to four days for our brains to return back to normal after

we've been awake for an entire night.

We should also take breaks every hour and not work straight through.

Study for an hour, do some exercise, speak to a study friend, and then return to the source material.

While some experts might argue, researchers at Stanford School of Medicine agree that playing certain types of music,

such as classical, may help students engage in the source material.

While some of us prefer complete silence, an uplifting piece of non -distracting music, without lyrics, may improve mood and increase the chances of information retention.

In active learning studies, some scholars have suggested that dopamine is the brain's save button, so some light, uplifting music,

a favorite warm drink, and a box of cookies could also help us retain knowledge, as the brain, while in its reward mode,

is more receptive to whatever stimuli is present, including that study material.

Also, science has shown us that, as ridiculous as it may seem, striking a power pose before entering the exam room may be to our benefit.

So think Superman or Wonder Woman.

Put your hands on your hips, move your legs apart, chest expanded, deep breath, and say something awe -inspiring.

You may want to do this in private, like in the bathroom before a test, but this is completely your own choice.

Although you may feel stupid, and will probably look a bit odd, this posturing will reduce the stress hormone cortisol and increase testosterone,

making you scientifically stronger and better prepared for that test.

So, remember to take breaks, sleep, exercise, talk about your material with study pals,

strike a pose, and you'll be as good as ready for that test.

Are there other tried and true methods that we failed to mention?

Let us know in the comments.

Also, be sure to check out our other video called Private Schools vs Public Schools.

And as always, don't forget to like, share and subscribe.

See you next time!

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本课的词汇与口语要点

这节口语课以视频“Scientifically Proven Best Ways to Study”为素材。视频中反复出现的词有：study, brain, exercise, sleep, sessions。这段视频共有 48 个句子、1086 个单词可供跟读。讲话部分时长为 5:38。说话人语速较快，每分钟约 193 个词，会出现较多连读和弱读。 84% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。

视频中的重点词汇

视频中 15 个值得学习的单词，附发音和释义：

单词	发音	释义
examination 名词	/ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/	檢查 /检查
compare 动词	/kəmˈpɛɚ/	比, 比較 /比较
mood 名词	/muːd/	心情, 情緒 /情绪
connect 动词	/kəˈnɛkt/	連接 /连接
greatly 副词	/ˈɡɹeɪ̯t.li/	大大
crucial 形容词	/ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/	關鍵的 /关键的, 決定性的 /决定性的
alpha 名词	/ˈæl.fə/	阿爾法 /阿尔法, 阿伐
retain 动词	/ɹəˈteɪn/	留班, 留級 /留级
awake 动词	/əˈweɪk/	醒, 醒來 /醒来
hormone 名词	/ˈhoɹmoʊn/	激素, 荷爾蒙 /荷尔蒙
retention 名词	/ɹɪˈtɛnʃən/	留用
maximize 动词	/ˈmæksəmaɪz/	最大化
topic 名词	/ˈtɑpɪk/	主題 /主题, 話題 /话题
gap 名词	/ɡæp/	間隙 /间隙
occur 动词	/əˈkɜː/	發生 /发生

视频中出现的短语动词

单词	释义
check out 动词	退房
figure out 动词	弄清楚
put down 动词	放下
turn out 动词	原來 /原来

视频中的语法

说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：

结构	视频中的用法
现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事	has been · has expressed · has been proven
被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的	are required · has been proven · is hindered

需要注意的发音

说话人用了 8 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 doesn't, isn't, don't。请按听到的简短形式来说。

“th” 音: smooth /smuːð/, breathe /bɹiːð/
“sh” 和 “zh” 音: examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, retention /ɹɪˈtɛnʃən/, exposure /ɪkˈspəʊ.ʒə(ɹ)/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
长单词——注意重音位置: examination /ɪɡˌzæm.ɪˈneɪ.ʃən/, ridiculous /ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/, acquisition /ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/, transformation /ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/

中文母语者容易读错的音：

/v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: solve /sɒlv/, vital /ˈvaɪtəl/, vary /ˈvɛəɹi/, effectiveness /ɪˈfɛk.tɪv.nɪs/, conversely /kənˈvɝsli/
词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: mood /muːd/, connect /kəˈnɛkt/, awake /əˈweɪk/, pose /poʊz/, maximize /ˈmæksəmaɪz/
/r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: greatly /ˈɡɹeɪ̯t.li/, crucial /ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/, ridiculous /ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/, reflect /ɹɪˈflɛkt/, lyrics /ˈlɪɹ.ɪks/

如何用这段视频练习

先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟读，熟练之后再回到正常速度。
录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 examination, compare, mood 这类单词。

什么是跟读法？

跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟读法: 阅读完整分步指南 →

跟读练习: Scientifically Proven Best Ways to Study - 通过视频学习英语口语

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